뜻

1. 필요, 욕구, 빈궁, 궁핍, 빈곤

1. beggary, mendicity, pauperism, indigence

예문

• et veniet tibi quasi cursor egestas, et mendicitas quasi vir armatus ". (Biblia Sacra Vulgata, Liber Proverbiorum, 24 24:34)

  가난이 부랑자처럼, 빈곤이 무장한 군사처럼 너에게 들이닥친다.” 솔로몬의 둘째 잠언집 (불가타 성경, 잠언, 24장 24:34)

• et veniet quasi precursor egestas tua, et mendicitas quasi vir armatus. (ALBERTANO OF BRESCIA, DE AMORE ET DILECTIONE DEI ET PROXIMI ET ALIARUM RERUM ET DE FORMA VITAE, LIBER III 31:6)

  (, , 31:6)

• Roscium occiderit, is ad quem morte eius divitiae venerint, an is ad quem mendicitas, is qui antea tenuis fuerit, an is qui postea factus sit egentissimus, is qui ardens avaritia feratur infestus in suos, an is qui semper ita vixerit ut quaestum nosset nullum, fructum autem eum solum quem labore peperisset, is qui omnium sectorum audacissimus sit, an is qui propter fori iudiciorumque insolentiam non modo subsellia verum etiam urbem ipsam reformidet, postremo, iudices, id quod ad rem mea sententia maxime pertinet, utrum inimicus potius an filius. (M. Tullius Cicero, pro Sex. Roscio Amerino Oratio, chapter 31 3:2)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 로스키우스 변호문, 31장 3:2)

• Quae sunt divitiae, quas non egestas et fames et mendicitas a tergo sequatur ? (Seneca, De Tranquillitate Animi, Liber IX, ad Serenum: de tranquillitate animi 105:4)

  (세네카, , 105:4)

• Adiungit etiam publicationem bonorum, ut omnis animi cruciatus et corporis etiam egestas ac mendicitas consequatur. (M. Tullius Cicero, ORATIONES IN CATILINAM, ORATIO IN L. CATILINAM QUARTA 10:9)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, , 10:9)

유의어 사전

Paupertas (redupl. of parum) denotes poverty only as narrowness of means, in consequence of which one must economize, in opp. to dives, Cic. Parad. 6. Quintil. v. 10, 26, like πενία; whereas inopia and egestas denote galling poverty, in consequence of which one suffers want, and has recourse to shifts; inopia, like ἀπορία, objectively, as utterly without means, so that one cannot help one’s self, in opp. to copia or opulentia; Cic. Parad. 6. Sen. Vit. B. 15. Tac. Hist. iii. 6; egestas, like ἔνδεια, subjectively, as penury, when a man feels want, in opp. to abundantia; lastly, mendicitas (from μαδίζειν,) as absolute poverty, in consequence of which one must beg, like πτωχεία. The pauper possesses little enough; the inops and egenus, too little; the mendicus, nothing at all. In the kingdom of Plutus, according to the order of rank, the pauperes would occupy the middle station, who must live the life of citizens, and economize; the inopes and egeni, if not in a state of overwhelming necessity, would occupy the station of the poor, who live from hand to mouth, and must occasionally starve; the mendici, the station of the beggars, who, without property of any sort, or the means of earning it, live on alms. Cic. Parad. 6. Istam paupertatem vel potius egestatem et mendicitatem tuam nunquam obscure tulisti. Sen. Ep. 17. 50. Ovid, Rem. 748. Suet. Gr. 11. Vixit in summa pauperie, et pæne inopia. Plin. Ep. iv. 18. Inopia vel potius, ut Lucretius ait, egestas patrii sermonis. Cic. Inv. i. 47. Propter inopiam in egestate esse. (iii. 111.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein