장음표시 사용
181쪽
Coneae minurotas. 367 Periclymenum remam, soliis Iaurinis, cortice
Still the systematical botanisls could not giveit a place in their catalogues, being unacqUaint dwith iis flowers and fruit. The following description and annexed figUres, whicli are talien from the specimens brought byCaptain Wallis frona the Streights of Magellan, and the observations made by us', during ourstay in Terra dei Fuego, in the Streighis te Matre, I hope mill satisfy the curiolas, and enable
182쪽
ovat elliptic mape, quite entire, obtuse, flat,smooth, mining, of a thicli, leathery substance, evergreen, On the Upper side of a lively deep
entire, thich, Whitim, and situ aled one at thebassis of each peduncte. Calix, or so er-cVp, it has none ; but in iis place the flower is surrounded with a Bathaceoassem, of a thicli, leathery substance, green, butreddi si on the fide whicli has faced the sun : be-sore this gem bursis, it is os a round form, andiis sige is that os a sim ali pea. It bursis com monly so that one fide is higher than the other, and the segments are potnted
183쪽
The filaments are Dom fifteen to thirty, andare placed on the flat end side of the receptacle; they are much saorter thala the petais, and gradu atly decreasse in tengili toWariis the sides. The antherae are large, ovat, longitudinalty divided into two, or as is each Was made Up of two oblong antheras. The germina are frona three to siX, placedabove the receptacle, turbinated, or of the sa apeos an inverted fig, flat on the inside, and some what higher than the stamina ; they have nostyles, but terminate in a stigma, Whieli is di vided into two or three smali iobes. The fruit Ι have never feen in iis perfect ripestate, hut can conclude from the Unripe ones, whicli I saw in abundance, that each germen be- Comes a separate sted vessset, os a thicli, fles hysubstance, and ianilocular: in each I could plainly discern the rudiments of three, four, orsive seedS.
Obs. All but Fig. I. are magnified. Fig. t. The spathaceous gem, after it is bursi
184쪽
The stamina ca9 and the pistilla C P aD
ter the gem and the Corolla are taketa
6. The oulside of an anthera ca2 With iis filament b9. . The inside of the same. 8. The germina caὰ siluated on the Center of the receptacle, after the stamina have been removed ; the Iobated stig
so. The inside of the same. II. A germen cut open longitudinald, so asto mew the rudiments of the seem. 12. A germen C Ut through transversely. To this very ac rate history and systematical description by Dr. Solander, I take the libertyto su oin an extraet os a letter from Capta in Wallis, relative to this subjech, as it containssome particulars not unWorthy of being preservest in thiS aCCOUnt
185쪽
during whicli time the surgeon, With the assistance of the atting people, gathered a pretiylarge quantity of the barii.
ingly beautiful; and there Were abundance of young ones grOWing Under them, frona an inclito ten feet high. I put a great number of theses mali ones into boxes of earlli, and sent them by
186쪽
Thus seu Captain Wallis. The bark of the Winterania, or Winter's Cin namon, brought over by the Dolphin, in respectio figure, exactly resembles that which was de linealed by Clusius. The pieces are abotat threeor sour inches square, os different degrees of
an aromatic taeli is rubbed, and of a pungent, hol, spicy taste, Whicli is lasting on the palat though imparted nowly. It has the nam e of
Winter's Cinnamon, from a faint i essem blance in colour and flavo ar to that gratem l aromatic,
though differing from it greatly in eVery other respect. This bark is only brought to has frona the Su eights of Magellan, and is the produce of the
187쪽
the tree aliove described; much celebrated as ahantis corbutic by the firit discoverers, but Un-known in the praei ice of physic, no quantity, excepi as a curiosity, haVing been brought tu Europe illi the return of the stati s sent out onthe expeditions to the Sohath Seas The bark which was substitu ted in the momos this, is the Canesia Ayba of the slaops, the bark of a very different tree, and hrought froni a di serent part of the worid, di agreeing with the former in almost every particular. It is os a
excreds two-eighths of an in h. The pieces areos different tengi is and irregular sh apes, and f the most pari are taken frona trees of smali sigeniis ta te is aeromatic, and has more of the clove han the cinnamon. It yields an essentiat Oil bydistillation, and is brought to us chiesty from Jamaica, though it is found I belleve in s meother of the wes India illand s. There are a sew planis of it in the s oves of some curioris Botam iis in England , particularly in that be longing to Jolin Blach burne, Esq; at Orsord,
Sir Hans Sio sine gives a figure of it in his History of Jamaica, frona Whicli it evidently a
pe ars to be a disterent genus froin the Winter
For viant of the knowledge of these circumias ances, and an opportUnity Os comparing the genuine Winter 's Barti With the Canella Alba, 1 me of the most respectable Writers ora the Ma-
188쪽
toria Medica have scarcely been able to avoid confusion in treating this subject; whicli it is hos est for the future Will se avoided, and thedistinction belween them sussiciently establimed.
1. FIVE gratias of Cortex Winteranus, in Coarsepo der, Were infused in two ounces of cold water sor about an hour; on adding toa part of the nitered solution gradually tendrops of a saturaled solution of green vitriol, the liquor became of a blueissi blach, and ablacla sediment Was precipitate l. 2. On repeating the experiment With hot water instead os coid, sive drops of the solution ofvitriol structi a purptish blacti With the infusion : the sediment was nexi morning os a dark olive colour, not unlike the sediment from an infusionos the Peruvian Bark with Sal Martis. 3. On a comparative triat with the infusion ofgalis, though the Phaenomena were the fame with solution of Vitriol, yet on examining thesediment of each nexi day, that of the infusionos gails was blacker, lighter, and more copious than that of the Winter's Bark.Two ounces of Winter's Barii coarsely poWdered were infused in a pound of clear river
189쪽
A pound of the Did bark in coarse powdermas infused in a proper quantity of water for
drawn off by distillation. The distilled water
Was clear, os a pleasant iaste, and had somethingof the flavour of cinnamon. There Was no es sentiat oll. The decoction evaporated afforded six OUncesos a sost extract, of a grates ut aromatic teste. From these experimenis, the Cortex Mage Ianicus appears to be an astringent of a particularhind, and there re lihely to be of use in severat manufactu res. That M ater is the proper dissol vent of this bark; though the saline, gummy, and resinous paris are so blended in it, as in saf-froni and some other Vegetabies, that it paris
with them rea lily in proos and recti ed spirit;
190쪽
of so gratesul an aromatic bitter laste, that itfeems likely to be a pleas ant vehicle for sonae of the nauseous drugs. With this vlew, on substituting the powder of this barii sor the cardamom- seeds in mal ing the infusion of senna, as directed in the London Dispensatory, the nauseoUssmeli and taste of that excellent phargatiUe Was
Alba from Jamaica, whicli is generalty sold sor
an i, what is stili os more importance, it Would probably furnisi us with a valvabie medicine. Captain Wallis, though unsuccessis ut in his en deau OUrs, has set an eXcellent example; and isthos e