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sprightly colloquial eXpression ,-and the more, that with tho expression came the thing itself. But to object to our langua gebecause of these accessions is to forget iis modest pretensioris It has arisen out of the dialects of our conquerors. The Roman, the Saxon, the Dane, the Norman, have successivelyinvaded us, changing our institutionS and Varying OUr accents. Is our language found happier tertiis than iis oWn, it greatly adopted them ,-and lese What Was more cumbrous and inapi, though native, to desuetude; is it Wanted varioty, it seigod it; it leviod generat contributions to perfeci iis copioUSneSS; and, like an instrument of music, it has Undergone disserent improve-ments untii the orator can strike it to ali the countless combinations os power Whicli agitate or Soothe, Whicli alarin or meli. the heart. The French language, and even the Italian, may be considered as more servilesy indebled than ours,-and without that poWerfui and healthy root which, leti as it wore in theground, stili spreads iis suckers and bears iis buds. The Sturdy speech of our ancestors, though not old as our riversand hilis, partialty furvives ; no foreigii polisti nor courtly pari ance Will se ver be able to subdiae it . Iis ouiline is solargo that whatovor it draws into itself cannot distori it: and iis frame-work is so massive that nothing can overba lance it. Technical and artificiat Words it refuses not a place, though they areborne to it froni the ends of the earth, ut it barters not iis own staple in retum. The gold-mine is Within iiself, thoughthe more sancisul settings are given by others to the precious ore. Os such a speech We cannot be ashamed. In ali thoproperties of langu age it is great. It iS SonorouS, aro using, pathetic, sWeet; it is comprehenSive, desinite, preciSe, majestic. It has transfusod through iis tones the deepest und most dulcet harmontes : the metaphors interWoven With it, and formiaing iis very substance, reflect ali the hues and splendours of nature. In this, men have been accustomed to think with vigour and Deedom, untii the language has groWn ricli and masculino too. It is a longue Whicli the Worid, when blessed
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Artichoke, is Girasol Articholio. Heller SDelter, is Hilariter et Celeriter. Applepie, as applied to order, is A Pol au Piod.
Enough has, hoWever, been adVanced to prove the great poWers of our language; but one more illustration will olicit a singularity. This is the doubie force of iis futuro tenso. Itis exclusively an Englisti grace. The Scotch and tho Irish
nicety. I have enquired of many hom distant paris of the worid, Whether there Was an analogy to this in their speech. Thoy have declared that there Was nono. And this mighthavo been inferred, for had it been a business of simpletranslation they Would have ea stly mastored it: tho dissiculty was that nothing correspouded to it in their own nativo idionis.
only conveys the certain futurition of my coming: it denotos no stiade of disserent causes impelling me to come. TO eXPreSS
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this distinciness, there must be periphrasis. It faut que jevenir, ui dessein de venir. The veri, devotr is also combinedio give the futurities must. The German Merden, Whicli is made Use of as an auxiliary even to itself, merely certisses What the party is in due time to be ome, or to perform. The Hebrew futuro is most indesinite, because it has to serve the piar- pose of a potentiai and subjunctive inood and it may requirotho sigiis to be understood of may, cara, might, Woiald, Should, could. Whatevor may be tho degrees of futurity intended by the Greeli tenses, tho sirst implying an earlier, the second a later, action, to Say nothing of the Paulo-post' futuro in thopassive Volce, Whicli Seems to potnt oUt the Very neXt momentas iis time, stili ali three are silent, Whether it is induce-ment of determination or necessity. EVery School-boy in his Latin exercise has to Utter the fame alternative,-a perpleXinglicence When he commences translating, I shali or will. Thohappy conVenience, Whicli is noW adduce i, is this: Me canannotince our future With an intelligibie exposition of the cer
is soland in our Saxon lexicons and writings, it is rather a Latin Word, Melle; whicli it is curious to trace back to tho Grook, βουλομαι, βουλη, turning the β into V. This presX, of courso, most generalty denotes resolve. Literat ly, then, is W0 shali do athing, We are compelled : is We will, me are determinod. Thessauxiliaries, it is obviolas, give rise to the conditionals of should and would. Wo must certainly ulloW that Whatever conduces to the accuracy of any vehicle of thought,-Which gives to the thought, so to Speah, the most colourless medium and
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clearest transparence, is a destrable thing. Shali does notservo the end of Will, nor can will reflect the force of shall. By almost an intuition We so stili and alternate them, thalsound and judgment alike assign their place, and dictate their
Yot What is their rute 8 Mali is certainly somethingmore than an index of the future. It is osten peremptory-itis the sanction os command : Vou shali l Thus Coriolanus is represented by Shakspeare exclaiming, to the stern employment of this term by Sicinius Velutus, the Tribune:
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heaven and earth, Where the pious great 8hali unquestionablyroceive above the inferior orders of the blessed, the regat addition of principalities, legioras, and thrones utito their glorioustities, and in supereminence of beatisic vision, progressing the datoloss and irrevolubie circle of eternity, shali clasp inseparabie hands With joy and bliss, in overmeasures for ever.'' Shaspeare furnishes many specimen S of this care in his selections. Μacbeth thus reasons With himself after his interview With tho
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Thes doctrine of this potestas is this,-that in the Englisti Future Tense We posse88 an elegant perspicuity Whicli, it is Supposed, is peculiar to our language. Tahing that os othorlangvages, living or dead, We have to thread out Dom the contexi, What meaning is to be understood. It may be of resolve,
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opposite poWers, and it Will be found utarivallod. What of hio sentiment and philosophy may not be expressed by it 8 Whatos elegant turn does it not admit, and What of mighty store hasit not amassed Θ Ιt is elastic sor compression and eXpansion. It is equalty cap te of the curi and terse: of the copiolas and overflowing. Reasoning cannot sind Such a mine of thought, nor eloquenoe Such a fulmen os impression. The German is quoted as more profound. It is a young language, fuit os compotands, bearing the martis of a strong national intellect recently bursting into ultera iace. But iis compotinds Stand oui; OUTS,
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susceptibis of higlier destinies. Κlopstock has shown hoW thesacred epic can march in it; while Goethe has proved hoW thedrama caia Speak and the lyric enchant. Ait is insancy abo ut it yet; but it is an insancy precoctous, a giant birth.-The Italian is alleged to be mors liquidly musicat. Dolabiless it is abetter vehicle for song. But untii any passage of Dante hasbeen read Hong With a seW lines of our Shakspeare, and his harmony of inflectiori stiali bo preferred, We Will not consess our longue to yield even to his in iis modulations.-The Frenchlias iis admirers. It is the most agreeable set os counters forconversation. By iis polislied insignificance it is the very stylosor compliment and diplomacy. Ιts best idioms, indeed, areborrowed froni tho Saxon. What has it Onshrinen but that Whicli is far more nobie When put into any other dialect 8 Woneed not enuy an exotic: is it cata livo, tot it live distinet Domati that is indigerious, in the conservatory it may have iis