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I E atmospheric air, whicli, during inspiration, is drawn through the nostriis, cavlty of the naoulli, rima of the larynx, trachea and bronchia, intoste vesiculae pulmonaleS. ANT1ΤY : An adult man dravis into his lungs at each inspiration, about thii ty cubicinches of atmospheric air; and as in the space of a minute we inspire sisteen times, henge every minute we require four hundred and si ty, every hour twenty-seven thousand, and in t enly-i urtiours fix hundred and forty eight thous and cubicinches of alimospheric air sor respiration.
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of the I LUIDS of the HUMAN BODY io; I he Constituent principies of atmospheric atriare generalty divided into,
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166 The CHEMICO-PHYSIOLOGICAL Doctrine mater; a cubic soot of very damp atinos phericair, may contain tWelVe gratias of water. Fixed uir. The hundredili part of the most pure atmospheric air, is fixed air. Insamniabis air, of Whicli an immense quantityis decomposed froin the water of rnarsites, frona metallic mines, and coat piis, frona cemeteries and privi es, &c. and dispersed in the atmosphere. Lastly, the disiengaged malter of heat, matteros Eglit, electric, and magnetic matter, the eXhalations of ali animais, vegetableS, mineralS, Wa- ters, and innumerable Other substanceS are Continuatly mixed with the masse of atmospheric ait'. USE OF AΤMos PHERic A1R. It constitiales thegreat chemicat elaboratory of nature, frona which. ali hodies are composed, and into Ullicli they are again resolved ; as animal and vegetable putrefaction prove, by means of hicli they are again converted into aerial gas, frona Ullicli not eventhe bones are eXempl.
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of the FLUID 3 of the HUMAN BODY. Io The almospheric air adis in t ways upon the animal l dy :i. Metauical , by Whicli it compresses the cuta- neotis sui face of the body, and prevenis theliuinours' Dona being converted into gasses, by the matter of heat, and the culaneous vesteis si ona extreme dilatation or rupture.
a. emicali , by Whicli the continuat absorptionos vital air takes place from the inhalent oscula of the sirin, and aeriai furface of the
The mechanical aditon os inspired air acts by iis weight and elasticity on the lungs, and consi sis in the dilatation of the pulmonary Vesicles, by Whichthe arterious and venous Messeis running throughthe Vesiculae pulmonales become larger, and theblood very easty passes troin the artesies into the pulmonary VeinS.
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1o8 The CHEMICO-PHYSIOLOGICAL Doctrine During expiration, the Vesiculae pulmonales and pulmonary vesseis again so Contradi thenaseives. that the blood cannot passe froin the arteries inlothe pulmonary veiras, but is accumulated about the right side of the heart. Thus in animais, killed in the exhausted receiver of an atr-pump, the vena cma, right sinuses and auricles of thelieari, and the pulmonary artery are fouiad very
turgid willi blood, but the lest ventricle of thelieari emply. The chemicat action conssis in the absorption ofille vital air into the blood of the pulmonary Veins; sor vital air is no longer found in that whicli is expired. No air, uiaesis turgid Uilli Oital gas, at houghelastic and heavy, is sit for respiration; herice theantienis not improperly called this principie, although unknown to them, the pabulum Sili. This vital air, imiXcd Uith the blood,
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It gives to the arterious blood iis florid redcolor r. For the blood of the pulmonary veinis beauisu red, but that of the right fide os the heari is sonaewhat blach. 3. OXygene or vital air, being decomposed by the animal gas or carbonated hydrogene; thematter of heat is disiengaged, and animal heat
. The hydrogene os the animal gas, combining With the oxygene os vitat ala, is converted into Waler ; and thus the carbone heing dinengaged, passies into the venat .blood, whicli causes iis blac ness.
THE air inspired by the vesiculae pulmonaleS, is again expired through the bronchia, trachea,
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rio The CHEMICO-PHYSIOLOGICAL Doctrine and rima of the larynx, into the cavlty os ille mouth and nostriis. The QuΑNTi TY is nearly the fame as that inspired: for the deficiency of the vital air absorbed in the lungs, is supplied by the mixture of their perspirabie matter. QUALI TY: The air being deprived at every expiration of ali iis oxygene, is no longer adapted to respiration: for it sus cates animais Iad extinguimes the flame os a Candie.
the winter time, is moistened.
g. Fixed air; sor, is blown on lime Water, thelime is precipitaled. 3. Azotic air : for this part of inspired air is notabsorbed by the lungs, heiace haVing Undergoneno change, it is again expired.
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of the FLUIDS of the HUMAN BODY. i m imal gas, or carbonated hydrogene, appearato be decomposed by a certain portion os vital air, so that the carbone combining with the oxygene ofvital air, is changed into Med ais; and the hydrogene combining Uith another portiori os oxygeneis converted into Nater, The ΜΑΤΤΕR OF HEAT in part disiengagedfrona the decomposition of vital air, serves sor thegasi fiation os eXpired air.' - This is the reason why atmospheric air m achamber, or other place in Whicli many men areinclosed, by degrees is entirely converted into fixedair, and agote; in Whicli the men are hilled, and the fame of a candie extinguistaed.
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11 a The CHEMICO-PHYSIOLOGICAL Doctrine
The Src RETORY ORGAN is composed of the exhalent arteries siluated in the nervovS membrane, lining the aerial surface of the lungs. VAPOROUS CONSISTENcΕ. This vapour is soraresied in summer time, stom the abundance of the matter of heat contained in the atmosphericair, as not to be seen. In reinter it is sio condensed by the cold of the atmosphere as to be visibie. SMELL and TAsTE, in an healthy man none But an odour is diffused, is heterogeneous particles be eliminated through the lungs villi the perspirabie matter. Thus the breath of women, during the time os menstrualion, and of thos Who labour under smali poX or putrid sever, osten