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기본형: exterus, extera, exterum
| 남성 | 여성 | 중성 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 단수 | 복수 | 단수 | 복수 | 단수 | 복수 | |
| 주격 | exterus exter (이)가 | exterī exter (이)들이 | extera exter (이)가 | exterae exter (이)들이 | exterum exter (것)가 | extera exter (것)들이 |
| 속격 | exterī exter (이)의 | exterōrum exter (이)들의 | exterae exter (이)의 | exterārum exter (이)들의 | exterī exter (것)의 | exterōrum exter (것)들의 |
| 여격 | exterō exter (이)에게 | exterīs exter (이)들에게 | exterae exter (이)에게 | exterīs exter (이)들에게 | exterō exter (것)에게 | exterīs exter (것)들에게 |
| 대격 | exterum exter (이)를 | exterōs exter (이)들을 | exteram exter (이)를 | exterās exter (이)들을 | exterum exter (것)를 | extera exter (것)들을 |
| 탈격 | exterō exter (이)로 | exterīs exter (이)들로 | exterā exter (이)로 | exterīs exter (이)들로 | exterō exter (것)로 | exterīs exter (것)들로 |
| 호격 | extere exter (이)야 | exterī exter (이)들아 | extera exter (이)야 | exterae exter (이)들아 | exterum exter (것)야 | extera exter (것)들아 |
| 원급 | 비교급 | 최상급 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 형용사 | exterus exter (이)가 | exterior 더 exter (이)가 | extimus 가장 exter (이)가 |
| 부사 | exterē | exterius | extimē |
제시된 형태 중 음영이 칠해진 것은 실제 코퍼스에서는 확인되지 않았고, 규칙에 의해 자동 생성된 것입니다.
Sed quia de intentione omnium ex electione agentium nichil manifestum est extra intendentem nisi per signa exteriora, et sermones inquirendi sunt secundum subiectam materiam—ut iam dictum est—satis in hoc loco habebimus, si de intentione populi romani signa indubitabilia tam in collegiis quam in singularibus personis ostendantur. 7. (Dantes Aligherius, De monarchia, Liber Secundus 14:17)
(단테 알리기에리, , 14:17)
1. Exterus and externus denote a foreigner, as one dwelling in a foreign country; whereas peregrinus, alienigena, advena, and hospes, as one who sojourns for a time in a country not his own. 2. Externus denotes a merely local relation, and is applicable to things as well as to persons; but exterus, an intrinsic relation, and is an epithet for persons only. Externæ nationes is a merely geographical expression for nations that are situated without; exteræ nationes, a political expression for foreign nations. 3. Extraneus means, that which is without us, in opp. to relatives, family, native country; whereas extrarius, in opp. to one’s self. Cic. ap. Colum. xii. Comparata est opera mulieris ad domesticam diligentiam; viri autem ad exercitationem forensem et extraneam: comp. with Juv. ii. 56. Utilitas aut in corpore posita est aut in extrariis rebus: or Quintil. vii. 2, 9, with vii. 4, 9. 4. Peregrinus is one who does not possess the right of citizenship, in opp. to civis, Sen. Helv. 6; alienigena, one born in another country, in opp. to patrius and indigena; advena, the emigrant, in opp. to indigena, Liv. xxi. 30; hospes, the foreigner, in opp. to popularis. 5. Peregrinus is the political name of a foreigner, as far as he is without the rights of a citizen and native inhabitant, with disrespect; hospes, the name given to him from a feeling of kindness, as possessing the rights of hospitality. Cic. Rull. ii. 34. Nos autem hinc Romæ, qui veneramus, jam non hospites sed peregrini atque advenæ nominabamur. (iv. 386.)
출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein
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