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No certa in mar by whicli the good rom ill Ma be distinguissi'd doth the body ear. So much doth the parasite excet nature in no vin and under standin illiing the osti id de and obscure, and belle than divination it self to sayand do very thing that a recommen and ingratiate himself, illi his patron, is furet a mar of the strongest faculties and superior under standing.
certain. J Fro the Medea os Euripides.
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son ho possesses thenari hereas, in the parasite, is the tales remo put in practice, it malles an end both of therari and the artificer in to the se fui nes of the en d required, it Nouldie adnes to calici in question forsu rely nothiniis more se fui han eatin and rin Ling, a Without them, itis impossibi to live. TYCHIADES.
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It is sussicient, urely, illi regard to the en d is the parastica ari, and the summum bonum res und tot the fame, as Nil evidenti appear; for thewise Homer, ho admire the life of a parasite, iurnas it a b the osthappy, and most enui able os alliuman conditions, How Meet says he), the producis of aTeaceia rei gni The weli fili 'd palace, the perpetuat ea it How goodi seem it everrio emptos Man' social days in union, an in o ;The plenteous board high-heap'd with ahes divine, And, 'er thes a minibowl the lataghing ine Anythen, as flea ad not lassiciently expressed his admirationi it to confrin his opinion, he addS, Dear o m hear is suci delictous lare. Concluding, is, area tahe his ord that non e ut the parasite an belrul happy. Observe, Withai, that he uis these ord in to the mouili ofno common man, ut the wisest of the Greelis i Ulysses ad preferred the ultimate end of the Stoics, e might have sat so hen he rought bach Philoctetes frona Lemnos, hen e la id aste old Troy destioyed Ilium, or hen e entere it, beati nihimself, and in his poor Stoic atters andyet evenalienae didio cali that the most delighti ut o ait ends; ay, henhe go again into the Epicurea n life illi Calypso, in luxus and indolen cewith Atlas' daughter, an aliae alluremenis, even then e neve said his
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was the Meetest of ali cnds; ut stili preferre the lis of the parasite. Para
The plenteous board, igh heap'd with akes divine. Epicurus himself stole his summum bonum stoin the parasite an an impudent thes it was for Epicurus id not ei o that happiness, hic hae de clares to b his great end whilli the parassite reali doth; for pleas ure, in m opinion, consist in avita od fre frona pati or trouble, an a minit totalty diuested os ali care and solicitude No the parasite possesses, both these, and the Epicurean ei ther foratiose horare perpetuatly unt- in aster heri figure of the earth, the magnitude of the sun infinite orlds, and thei distances stom ach other, and the firmelements of things disput in g, hether there are any god o not, an quarruli in amongst them se lues abolit the end of every good, lare ly ma be style no meret subject to human miseries, ut deepi involve in oridi matters : hil the parasite, Who thin ks very thiniis ascit houldie, and that it cannot possibi be in abe iter siluation than it is neve disturbe by such thoughis a these, ais and drin k in ea ce and asely, and lay allislong it his hand an feet inperfect liberi y like lymes on his return to Ithaca. ut there is notherrea son hyri hin the Epicurean a strange to ea plea ire this is manet ther hac methinguo eat, orie has not now, fle has not so a Dom
. e plenteotis es. Par of the lines quoted justae refrom the dyMy. En om est. Luci an here, contrar to his sua severi ty, oes justice to the character of Epicurus, ho though e considere pleasure a the summum bonum, live himself, diit in gui ed example of temperance an sobriet his solio ers, hoWever, Ne have ea n to sup posse, ere not ambitiolis of imitat in him in his particular, ut Kere trul What Horace calis them Epicuri de grege Porci. Abo o. Mens sana in corpore sano Hor. Firtire, Vc. The arth, accordinuto Epicurus, Who seemed is have nessae or dete minare opinio concerniniit, maybe round ovat, or lenticular triangular, pyramidat, square, hexaedrical oris an other plain figure, speciali is it e unmoved: Mosi maintain theworid, say he, to e s immortat an blessed, o also round because Plato deniet an figuret he more beauti sui ha that; ut o me, that of the cylinder, o the quare, o the cone, orthe pyramid scem, by easori of the variety, more beautis ul. V See Stant 's Hist os Phil. p. 57o.
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From the preceding arguments e have Diri proved that parasitis in is anari: esial now proceexto ste that it is the most complete ne that itis notin ly superior to albaris in generat, ut separalely considered, o very particular one : an sirst, it excels them ali, ecause very ar necessarii requires labour, discipline, terrors, beatings, stripes, c. hicli, have alla natural aversio to, hereas ur aricis leariae Uithout any of them. Whoeve returne in ear from a east, a many do frona thei masters or,ho
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them in abhorreiace, and even frequently run way ro avoid them rimother aris, parent reward child re accordin to thei merit; ive theloysonae victu ais iste has rote ell, orci heias NOT Hve him non e of such consequence is his sanae eat in g, that both re ard an punishment are determined by t : nota the parasite eat every ab . In ther aris his is the fruito ali hei learning, and the receive it illi ob aster the tas is ver butthe way to it is ough and dissiculi the parasite alone e oy the fruit of his artis the cry time hen e is earn iniit; and even a soon as elegitas, atta in the end des red. Notini sonae ther aris, ut every one of themare practi sed to gain a mainten ance whilst the parasite get one the momenthe enter tapon it. The humand man does notuit his sield for the ak of amiculture nor the uil de bulld hous es for the sahe of architecture; ut the parasit has uoth in eis in te aut the thiniit self his business, and the end for hicli it a tandertaken, is ne and the sanae. Again in ther aris, me are Perpetuali employed, and have oni lino orthre holi lays in a monili me places have annuat, ther monthlyfestiva is, on hicli the are allo Ned tot merry but the parasit has hirtyholy-days in the monili, for ver da to him stem holy. In other aris, those ho ould arriverat an proficienc in them, mus bedieted likeici me sor e that ais and riniis abundantly, ill neve learn
much. In ther aris, the workman an do nothing ithout his toois thereis no singin Without a flute, nor playing ithout a tyre, nor rid in Without horse; ON, our aricis o commodious, and o eas to the artist that heca exercis it ithout an instrument at all. For ther aris, e give sonaethinga learia them, ut in his e receive for it Others, moreOVer, require master, ut his non for a Socrates Dys of poetry it comes by inspiration ad xto his, that ther aris cannot e practi sed hemyo are at sea, or po a ourney, ut his may. TYCHIADES.
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or even a person sighil acquaintex ith him; e mustae a frienti e fore he an e admittexto the table, an die initiate in to the rite and mysteries of our arici it is a common saying, hat sorti a frien must eae, honei ther eat no drinks withis by hicli it is lain the mean, that he alone Who eat and drin ks with us, canae a good and faithsul friend. That this is the Ost princely, and ascit ere, fovere ignis ali aris, is in disputable be-Caus me exercise ther nolint with great toti and labour, ut stan ling, o sit ting, as f the were laves; ut the parasite practis es his lying ali alonglike a Ling. Neex mention here the peculia felicito of him, lio, asHomer lays, ei the ' planis, turn the glebe nor sows, ut Without oinget ther, seed freely upon very thini the orator, the worker in brassi, orthe geometrician may exercise thei professon, e the eve so olim, oreve so bad ut o man cani a parasite, hocis ei ther one or the ther. TYCHIADES.
Planti. J See Homer' descriptionis the land of the Cyclops in the th book of the Odyssey,
wherei telis us the inhabitant a re Untaught to plant, to turn the glebe, es N, They ali hei productario re nature oWe. 4e's Hom. Od. b. ix. I. Ia I,
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sciences is e can prove that parasitis in is a beyon these, it must ac evidenti sti ne forti the fovereignis aris, Nausica was the queen ofchamberna aliis. First then, it excelsioth rhetori and philosophy, as bellast a real and actualsubstance, concerning hicli, allore agreed 'hilst, illi regar to theothers, the are not. A to rhetoric, it is no one and the fame hin withevery body for sonae ali it an ari, ther norari atrali, an dither a baxandmischievous ne and o on in like manner, philosophyris no at way the sanae, it is ne hinx ith the Stoics, nother illi the Epicureans, notherwith the Academics, and another illi the Peripatetics; to this da iis profestar a re not agreed in thei opinion O it Do these two e ma forna an id ea of the est Q cannot possit, ly cali that an ari, hicli is no so much as area substance Arithmetic, in deed, is alWay one and the sanie two and two ake four illi the Greeks as et a Persi ins in this potnt, Greeks and barbarians neve differ: ut many an diverse are ur philosophi es, and woplain ly perceive, that ei ther thei principi nor thei end are the same. TYCHIADES.
one and the a me. e ma argue in the fame m n ne also illi regard torhetoric; hen ali domo say the fame o the subjecto propossed, ut perpetualli di segre in thei opinions it is pia in to a demonstration, that objectcan have no real actuat existence, the perception arisinifrom hicli, areno universali the fame; hen the thiniis contested, o hom an ille .loni iis neveri et ni und in an particula person, trunce destroys iis ex. iste tace, ut it is no so illi parasitis m, hi chris the fame, both amongst Greeli an barbarians, in iis praefice, and in the anne oscit no caesit everae laid that one an is a parasite in One Way, and another in another:
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Will an Passure oti the are me of the rs rank, and lach, perhaps, as o litile hincos and first, then, here a ' Eschines, the Socratio, Who rote the long an elegant dialogues hic hae brought withaim into Sicily, purposely to introduce hi in self to Dionysius and findin that his Miltiades, whicli e read ove to the tyrant, et illi his approbation, heeven sat himselfiown there, eca me the king' parasite, and Domahat hout bad a fina adie to the disputations of Socrates.
Phines. J A famous philosopher, contemporar with and a disciple of the great Socrates. Ne ingratiate himself illi Dionysius the tyrant, and was supporte by him. He rote many dialogues, among whicli a the Miltiades here mentioned, together illi severat orations and episties, hicli are greatly admired.
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Nex tuo im, ha thi k ou Aristippus the Cyrenian was no rione of our most celebrated philosopher λ
o the greatest ornaments of our profession. The nexi Iuliali mention is our amous Plato, ho travelled into Sicilysor his very ui pose, ho practi sed his ari a the ' tyrant' cour for a feruda ys, ut falled frona antis natural capacit after hich, he returne to
si pus. J his satire o Aristippus is ver satra it is vellis noren that philosopher lived
a reat partit his time in the courtit Dionysius the Sicilian tyrant; and asi acknowle.dhim leti, o a very good reason hen I, anted Wisdom, sat he to the king, 1 wenta Socrates no Divant money, I comeri you. V esset O imat the king's see to as a favourii him, hich was granted, and ei nure proved for his meannes an servilit nam me not, saidae, ut Dionysius, hos ear are in his seet.' - strant's, Ic. Dionysius, o hichi resorted, ut notieing altogether fio compliant a dispositio as schines an Aristippus, id not meet illi the fame enco uragement he stat dthere, orie ver long enough to an a mons it Lucian's parasites, an tot handed doli nisi sucii, with ivlia degree o truth weano not to posteri ty. Nietas. J A famotis commander mentioned by Thucydides, ho perinied a Syracuse, in the ea-fight be tween the Athenians and Lacedaemonians. Ahis enus. J e live in the rei gn o Alexander the reat, and was a contemporar of Plato and Aristoti ea eminent both as a philosopher an a musician, ut mos distingui med in
the alter character: havini urit ten severat earne treati se on ancient music, oi,hicli on lybis Harmonics, in three books, a re comedo 1 tinus the are transtat ed into Latini Meursius. He is laidi Suidas to have rurit tento esse than sa different orks, amongst,hich, hos oninusii Nere moti es leemed. For a farther account otii in and the meritis his Harmonics, Prefer m reader to the inge.
nious r. Burney' Generat Histor of Musiic, ne of the moli instruetive and entertaining sork publislied in this centur See his Account of the Gree Music, p. so.