The works of Lucian

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ASTROLOGY.

and Commentator as serious Defence of Asrolo D though a vein os delicate Donyand Sarcam apparenti runs thro b the hole, animus convince ever intelligent Mader, that his Llention rem to turn this abfuriand pompous Science into ridicule. D mas probabdi abolit his time creeptur into seme Degre of Credit, and our Satiris, theresere, too the Hs opportunit of Lughing a it. Considered in his Light, ne Rece has a considerabis Mare V erit, and mare oni sori yt, Lisso si ort. an of the Learne have, Olmitisaning confidenti assuretus, that it is notLuci AN 's. It is ritieu in the Ionis Dialect, hichris remar abis.

ΙN the following reati se on heaven and the ars, I hali ni considerthei influence ove the assairs of human ii se, illi regar to prophecyand divination. Neither do I mean o a doWn recepis, oraules h O toexcet in his arta ut on into lament that the learned, ho so strenuous ap-pi themselves to the sciences, ei ther practis nor pay an respeet toastrology- The arcis notis late invention, ut deli vered OKn to usa our ancienthings, the favourites os heaven. ut the present race of men, rom ignorance an id lenes s et ther, perhaps, ecause thei opinion O thos pol nisare disterent Dom those ho en before them, or ecause the have litini false propheis an diviners, fin fauit illi the stars, and condem astrologyas a lying, frivolous, an empi science; ithout an truth or profit init. A ver uiritali and cruel sentence the uil dei' ignorance is no reflection o architecture nor is the nshil fui nes of the musici an a reproachon music Ever aricis is incit self, though the artist may be ools. The AEthiopians e re the rst,ho distinguis hed thenaseives in his brancho learning and this e re to attribute parti to thei orun is dona, for in that the were superior to mos nations and parti to the happinest of their saluation, for the air is alWays serene and tranquil round them; et ther, dothm

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they susser an vicissitudes of seasons, ut rem ain or ver in the sanae temperate climate. V heia the perceived there fore, that the oon appeared in vario us ornas, the considere ii as a matter Orthyi admiration, and

diligent en quiry by hicli they discovered the cause of thos changes, and found out that the oon ad n light of her Wia, ut borrowexit froni thesian The discovere allo the motionis hos stars whicli, cali ' planeis,

a the are the only ones that move, With thei nature, power, an propertiesu the gave them ames also, or ather sigias, expressive of thei severa siluations Such were the observations o the heavens, made by the

AEthiopians, ho delivered do An the imperfector to their eighbour the AEgyptians, ho greatly improVed cit, and measu red out time, by ays, monilis, and years their monilis ieini determine by the oon an herchanges, and their ears by the circuit of the sun. But they oon performedmuch more than his dividing the space occupied by the fixe diar in hic lithemthe were move about into et V paris, an to these, assigne thes ornas and ames of different creatures, men, ea sis birds, and fisaes Thereligiolas cere montes, there fore, of the AEgyptians, a re of different kinds:

the didio draru heir divinations frona the whOle twelve, ut Dom particula signM; tho se Iuli, Jooked to Nards the ram, ors hipped him; theywould tot ea fissi h live unde ' Pisces nor id hos sacrifice a goat, who ere beneati Capricorn. Some propitiate ne divini ty, and om another Some Sormi pratuli in honour of the coelestia Taurus : and Apicis an objecti adoration to them, ecause he pastu res in that region, here an oracle is constitute by him. The Libyans, no long after, o oh poliis science for there e meet with the oracle of Ammon, and the wors lati Jupiter unde the figurem aram. The Babylonian were also aequa in ted illi it, a they repori, in deed, b fore allisther nationsa ut nam os opinion, his knorulege id notueachthem ill many ages aster. The Greelis eremo taught astrology ei the by

the AEthiopians o AEgyptians, uti Orpheus, the soni Oeager an Cal-

Pi es J Proin the solemnit of Luci an 's countenance at his firysetting ut, an olyacis quaintance an suci Pesteem myself, havisa ha a long conversation illi im) may asilyperceive that he is in est 'hei he telis us, illi a grave face, that the people ho lived unde Pisces ruould uot eat honor hos beneat Capricoria toti ch a goat, c. is no the ridiculea strongras possble, an does it no susticienti poliat out the author To apply, hat was oncesaidas Erasinua, aut Lucianus est, aut Diabolus.

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liope; et ther didie entiret expla in ita them, ut rappedit his knoN- lege in myster an incantation he ad orgies for his lyre, and lanis1- credQngs, the lyre consisting of se venirings, symbolicati expressing themotions of the planeis; illi his Orpheus ostene an prevallexove everything an in his lyre tone, an no in an other hin o music the Greeks delighted, and even appointexit a place in heaven sonae star bei nuto his da calle Orpheus' Lyrea and Dyo se a picturei statue of him hecis always represente a sitii nidown singing, and with a lyre in his

hand an round hi various creatures, as a man, a buli, a lion, and thereae: he you meet illi these, there fore, remember ha the mean in os them is, ou illano the ea n hen yo look in to the heavens.

It is reporte amongst the Gree ks that Tiresias, the Boeotian, o celebra ted for his stili in divination, tot them that sonae of the planeis e re a D culine, anes me seminine, and that thei influenc differet accordi ingly, whence aros the fabie of his be iniboth an and woman. A the time hen Atreus and Thyestes contende for thei se ther' hing- dona, astrology, and theano lege of the heavens, flocarissae moxin Greece, and it a determined by the eopte that hich oever of them excelle in that artrihould succee to the empire then it Nas that Thyestes potia tedout to them that par of heaven hic licis calle Aries, Dom heiace camethe fabulous account of his having a goiden ram : ut Atreus rea ted on therising of the sun and en deavoured to prove that his coui se a directi opposite to that of the starr firmament, and that hat appea re tot the west

ramen Ibines. J Agreeable to the descriptio gi veni Virgil,

Threicius longa cum veste sacerdos obloquitur numeris septem discrimina vocum, Iamque eadem digitis jam pelli re pulsat eburno. The ist Mercuria lyreiada ut seu strings, thers ere iter ard added tori by the se con Mercury, o Amphion ut it was Orpheus inlio complete the secon tetrachord, inhichextended the scaleriora heptachord, or veri ounds, implied by the Septem discrina in vocum. Se the ingenious Dr. Burney' excellent Histor of Music Vol. i. page 33o. Orpheus, the sonis Oleager, a theriather, o chie founder of the mythological and ala legorical theolog among the Greeks, and a Lucia here plaint intimates , of at theirmo sacre religious rite and myllertes.

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of the wor id, is the rising of the sum for these discoveri es the Greeks aikahim to the throne, and his is dona a held in the hi gli estis fleem an veneration early the fame hing, Lam inclined to thin k, appene to Bellerophon can neve bring mys et to belleve that he had D syin horse, ut suppost he was fond of astrology, en gaged in the stud of sublime noru- lege, and conversant illi the stars that he ascende in to the heavens, notby the assistance of a horse, ut by the strengi of his own ind. A ableo the like nature a tolixos Phryxus, the se of Athamas, ho was a rie through the atri a goiden ram. The sto Daedalus, the Atheni an is strange and wonder i my opinion is that i aros frona his knore- lege of astrology, hicha was et acquainte With, and whichrae aughthis son: ut Icarus, eing youia grandisam, en into abstruse disquisitions, stared too high, and felliown in to the uianthomable abystra romae iace the Gree k deduce their able of the Icaria Gulph. Paspha was mos probabi tot of the g Taurus in the heavens by Daedalus, and Dona hence felici love illi Astrology on hicli the found-ed the reportis Daedalus having weddedier ora bull. In processi time, the learn ed divide the tas belween them seme applied them se lues to the stud of the oon, ther of the Sun, ther of Jupiter describin the motions course, an insuence of ach. Endymion probabi too care of hat concerne the oon Phaeton marked ut the progress of the sun butiying, est the wor imperfecto; rom heiace the ignorant have invented a strange an incredibi tale o Phaetonysaeing theson o Phoebus that he came to his ather the Sun, audieggessito rive thechario for a da y hich was granted hina, and ules lai downio he wasto guiderit; that Phaeton, homo out an inexperience, drove sonae timesto ne a the arth, and o metimes o far rom it, and ille mortat withthe eat an cold, hicli ere in supportabieci that Jupiter eing nraged,

Fbiet hors. J Accordindito Hyginus, Minerva ad Bellerophon a presentis Pegasux illei, in hors here alluded to), to assistat in his combat illi the Chimera Aster helia destroyed that monster, havin Q good a beast unde him, he was for ahing thebe of his way up to heavem; ut Pegasus, ein uiasortunatet stun by a horis D,. thre his rider, ho die in the fall. ' .edalus This is an excellent burtesque of the stor o Daedalus, an plaint steius that Luciati's design was, Dever possibie application to turn astrolog into ridicule.

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se hi in illi a thun dei bolt that his aster standing round and lamenting

liis fati, e re turne into poplars, an diit ille te ars of amber. No suchthings e re ver done nor mould e ive credit to the able the Suia 'schil neve di ed the truth, inde ed is, he nevera ad one. The Gree hs teli a thous and the stori es, hici I do no inti rei be-lieve ho cari e suppose, that ne a Was the son o Venus Minos, of Iupiter Ascalaphus, o Mars and Autolychus, o Mercury alii them, in deed, e re beloved of the gods Venus belle id ne Jupiter another, and Mars another, at thei nativit for hich oe ver od pretii ted at theti me

Natimidi. This is the inundation, ascit ere, and corner-stonem alliologyri casting nati vities has been practi sed in almost every age an nation, fro in the times of Luci an even to this day. Amongst us, his ridiculous icienceio uris hed greatly uring the rei gns of the Stuaris, and even atra later period. Some of our greatest men ere ea enough to consul astrologers. and to listen to thei prediistions Among these alator is tot of Dryden hich, a it ii preti extraordinar one, i mali here surioin for the entertain ment i m readers.

Dryden, illi ali his underctanding, was ea enough to te fond of judicia astrology, and used to calculate the nativit is his hild re n. When his lad was in labo ur of his son

Charies, he, eing told it a decent to illidraw, at his alch ora the table, eg ging one of the ladies, then present, in a mos solem manner, o take Xad notice of the ver minute thechil inas boria, hici ille did, and acqua in ted lim illi it Abo ut a Nee after, hen his lad was preti ineli recovered, mr Dryden took occassion to teli her ibat he had been calculat in the child 's nativi ty, and observed, it hiries that he wastoria in an evit ho ur so Jupiter, Venus, and the Suia, e re ali unde the Earth, and therior of his ascendant amicted with ahate fui quare o Mars and Saturn Iste lives to arrive rat the eight year, saycie, he willgo near o die a violent deathin his ver bir thraay, ut is helio ut escape, as I see ut mali hopes, he will in the wenty-third yearie unde the ver sam evit direction, and is hecilio uidescape that also the thii ty-third, or hirty- uri is, I fear-hereae ac interrupte by the immoderate gries of the ady who could n longe hea suci calamit prophesi e to besali herion. The time a last came, and Augus was the inauspicio us monili, in hichbouia Dryden asto enter into the eighth ear of his age. The cour bein in progress and r. Dryden atteilare, he was invited to the country-seat of the ear of Berkisti ire, his trother-in-law, to keepthe long vacation ithaim in Chariton in Wilis L his lad was invited orae uncte Morda unt's, totas the re mainder of the summer hen the came to divide the child re n. ad Eligabeth would avelim take Johia, and sufferae to ake Charies; ut r. Dryden a to absolute, and the parted in ange , he oo Charies illi hina, and ille as oblige to e content , it hJolin hen the faled a came, the anxiet of the ady s spirit occasione suci an effervestaceiice of blood, a thre her in toto violent a sever, that he life a des patre os, ill a letter me Domi r Dryden re provincher for her omanissi creduli ty, and assurin her that herchild was eli, hicli reco vere her spirit s. and nix ineelis alter ille received an ecclaircisse-ment of the whole flair r. Dryden, et ther through ear of be in rechone d superstitious, orthinhiniit a science beneath his study, was extremel cautious o letting any one no that he was a deale in astrology there fore could not excuse his ablance, o his son's anniversa , from a generat unling match lord Berkinire ad made to hic ali the adjacent genti emenivere invited. ,hen he went out he oo care to et the boys a doubie exercise in the Latin a tonciae,

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ti me of thei birili, always adoptet them a fons, an formed them aster. thei oren divine sinat litude, in bod an mind. Thus, Minos as ainguia de Iove Eneas a beauti fui, a bor unde Venus and Autolychus athies, rom his fallier Mercury. Neitheriori belleve that Jupiter bound Saturn sent hi in to Tartarus, orcommitte any of tho se a se actions hicli me attribute ora ima Saturn, weano in is at a great distance stom us, has a languid motion, and whichris. scarce to e discerne by men 'e is, there re sal to stand stili, as fbound with chalias and the par in heaven here he resides, froni it great depth, is called Tartarus. There a re many things in Homer an Hesiod entiret consonant ithastrologyQ hen the talk of the chain os Iupiter, and the arrow of the Sun, I imagine the mea the da ys and the description o Vulcan' shield, illithe cities, the ancers, and the ineyard ma alli explain edi astrology. Al the stor o Mars and Venus, is apparenti dra n Do thence Homer's hole or is a conjunctio os Mars and Venus in his verses, he has deseribed thei severa qualities an perfections h lay to Venus, Go, et thyiwn os sex emplo th carea Go luit the coward, o delude the fair.

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And when hecis spe ahi gi War, in o Mars and Pallas only that belongs. The ancient observing thes things, re frona them thei divinations; nor did the thin lighil of this art for ei the would the bulld realis, orcities, O to ar, marry, o do any thing, without sirit consulting the propheis concerniniit their oracles e re always ell-versed At Delphi a virgin post esse the gisti prophecy, a cymbal of the celestia Virgo thedragon unde the tripod was ta ken rom the Dragon in the heavens and the oracle of Apollo a Didymus, as in m opinion, o called, frona thesgia hich goes by the nam os Didymi, o the in in s. o sacred was divination held by them. When lysses, desirous of pry in into futuri ty, en down into hell, edidio go, merely trea the doWnward melanchol Way, but that he might have the opportunit os conversing illi Tiresias. Whenhe came to the place hic li Circe had describeda him, ad dudith ditch, and sain the saee in the dea crouded round bout him, and amongst them his mollier, ali earnesti requesting that the might drin os the blood, hi chhe would Ot permit them to do nor ould e suffer even the had of hisown mollier to quenchae thirst, illae had himself, astedi Tiresias. Lycurgus at ways regulate the common ealth of Sparta by the motions of the heavent hodies, and erioined the Lacedaemonian neve to haZard anengagement ill the ullis the oon; sanowing that every thinx a go-Verne byter, though herlower a not soareat, ei ther at the in creas or

The Arcadians Ione neglecte an de spisse astrology being ad undDolist nough to assert, that the were much olde than the Moon. Our ancestors, it is evident, ruere Overs of divination; ut the presentage en that there is an foundatio sor, o depende iace on it, esteem in itno true o faith fui; and affert in that ne ither Mars nor Venus in the eavens, ab an regard O S, O concer thenaseives in human Isairs; ut,

Pope has no gi ven in his transsation the ense of this line, ut, as in many ther places, circumvolutio os his own instea of it. To reari cyc. See Pope' Homer' Iliad book xi. l. 117.

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tha things sal out o vary, accordin to thei necessar rotation Othersacknowleg the truth, ut no the utilit of the ari assirming that nothingcouldie hanged by divination, hic was ire ad decreed by late. To these objedhionc canini an Mer, that the stars persor their UIn rotations in the heavens, an at the a me time perhaps, together illi theirown motions may direct urs. When the orse runs, an me and birdsmove, the siones are loosened, and the stubble sitoin about by the induand stat nothingi essected by the motion of the starc frona the Mallest

the influe tace of the larc It is nor, indeed, in the poNer os astrology, tomahe things belle than the are, o to change them rom ha the were :it is, neverthel esse, profitable to those ho mine se of it, sor, he good evenis are foretoid it anticipales the pleastare of them and teaches s to beareviis illi the greater patience, a the domo come pon us Q nexpected ly, hut hecomessos ter, an more tolerable by ur fore-knori lege of them. Such are my sentiments concernin astrology.

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ΤHIS PIECE IS INSCRIBED, BYA SINCERE ADMIRER O HIS TRULY RESPECTABLE CHARACTER,

DEMONA X.

Luc IAN has here rescuedfrom Oblivioni Character et mortis of bein transmitte to Posteridi it is, inieri semething extraordinary, speciali a Demona clivedio se Dareat an Age, that mother rite phould have mentioned a Person offuta gula Accompli ments Our Author has si emn, in his illi Tran, that hecould excet a much in Panerari as in Satire he hole ein a serious etia ritte Encomtum, o a Man hom he as intimaleb acquainled wiIh, and hoseem to has bee nolisnixa good Philosepher an virtuous Citizen, ut a Malos mi and Genius alpo. The Cottalion os Bons-Mot etvhichabuci AN has attributecto his Frieniis curiores, and g esis an imperfect Idea of that linio socia Plea-santi γ, an Repartee, hic Nas fossionabis in hos Times. Some V them reverrarch and severe, thera Lethabis, and a se , o say the trush, ather ullandinintelligibis. TH age e live in cannotae reproachexas entiret destitute of men orthya be recorded, ei ther for extraordinar strength of Ody, orla the more nobi accomplissiment of the ind. A inllances of both, Ιshal mention Sostratus o Boeotia, hom the Gree hs calle Hercules, foras such the esteemediuina, and Demonax, the philosopher these I have sten

Sostratus. J Thessam man it is supposed, scis mentionedi Philostratus, ho teli us hewas ei gh feet igit, c. Luci an had, it seems, writ te a long histor of him, hicli, however, is no come do to S. Bur: he Was ni remactabie sordeat os odit strengili, thelas is no very considerabie.

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and admired, particulari the lalter, illi homes inas sor a long time inti- matel acquainted. Concerning the former, I have realed in another book,

where in I describe his immense Ze, an incredibi strength, his livinita

losopher, hom I have ever sten oranown, He a boria a Cyprus, O parent no mean or obscure, but distingui med

by their ealth an dignit aspiri nihimself to much greater honours by the search after very thing that a good and beautilat, ae applied himselsearly to the stud, o philosophy no frona the example of Agathobulus, ' Demetrius, o Epictetus, ali homi ea ne and was conversant illi nori Timocrates the Heraclian, se amous for his isdom an eloquende, tutexcited by the love os honour an virtve, the passion of his earli est youth. heslooked illi contemptin ali the leaires of human iis, an attachedhimself to liberi an truth living a sober an irreproachable life and et-ring an example o pruden ceran wisdom to ali ho se and hear him. Nor didae enter u poesit, a the say, withinwashed laeti ut a familiarwit the poets, andi ad most par of their orks by hearta ad not lightlystim med ver in tenet of the severat sedis of philosophers, orini touched them, a the common expressian is, it the ii of his finger, butaneae them ali perfectly keepin his body, at the fame time, in proper Xercise, and inure to a bour His ambition a notu be deficient in any thingwhicli an body excelled in insonauch, that he helound he was no longere luat o imself, e qui ited life of his N accord, leaving to the principalperson in reece, much tote sat concerning him.

P, Mecessor. J Hercules. A athobulus. I Me lived according to Eusebius, Ann Christi tis. Dometrius. I in uni philosopher, ventionedi Apollonius Tyaneus, and Phavorinus.li Timoeratis. J his philosopher fiouiis hed according to Philostratus, bout the iacthbear