Aeneidos liber septimus. Edited by L.D. Wainwright

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LIST ' ILLUSTRATION S

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LIST ILLUSTRATION S

Mii Ouna . . . . . . .

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INTRODUCTION

T. mis of Vergil. PUBLIUS VERGILIUS MARO Was ora on Octoberras, B. C. 7O, during the consulfhil O Pompe an Crassus. His birthplaco was Andes- the modern Pietola a villagenea Mantua, in Cisalpin Gaul. 0 his parent litti igknown. His ather appears o have possesse a malleState, an is sal to have ad money by uyin land cheaΡ- probabi at the lini of the Suthia proscriptions - and by bee-keeping. O his mollier e ni know thather ame a Maia. His athe was not lini to thonduantage of edueation an sent his son to schoo at Cremona, here e assume the toga virilis at the ageo finesen Subsequently e studi0 at Mediollanum Milani, and a Rome, here Syron an Epicurean ustiis master in philosophy. Aster nishing his ducalion Vergil seem to have retire t his farin his ealth notpermittin him to aspire t fortune by a militata roratorica career. Soon asterae Diade the aequaintanee of Asinius Pollio, ho was legatus in his province, and in η B. C. Dund this Disendshi of great aluo. Octavianus afterWard known as Augustus- and Marcus Antoniuslia deseate the remnant of the Republican partyunde Brutus and Cassius at Philippi, E. C. 42. a reWard

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thei victorious troops large granis of land Nero madet tho legionarios, an Mantua an Cremona sufferedespecially. Vergil tost his and , ut thantis to thointercession o Pollio an other friends, succe ede in obtaining iis restitution rom Octavianus One of theniend who id ed Vergil in his matter Was ne hosonam mill alwaysae remembere With that of the poet Maecenas, an Etrusca linight a fruste friend of

Augustus, a stadin states man, and above nil, a patron

ti m et Augustus, ho a re turning rom Samos, and

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INTRODUCTION

more natura manner, illi simila topies.

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Mantua H is caret ess, Oo, of the fitnes of his characters, and his hepherd are osten himself and his frienda in disgui Se . In ne elogiae illo runt se Silenus dis ourses onNatura Philosophy in another, Vergit apt)e ars a dis- poss0sse of his sarin by the oldiers, and re instate by

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Vergil' verse ould vin to the plough the veterans of the civit ars, ho ad obtaine allotments of publiciand. It is orth nolle that ne of the fin0st pasSages of the poenas is ne hieli, artistieatly is multy i. e. theepisode of Orpheus and Eurydice in the fourth book. Ne Aeneid.

and is at Onc a seque to the forme an a companion to the atter. The poena deseribes the wandering of Aeneas, romolio Rome Drang, and conducis im

large expedition unde the command of Agamemnon, brother of Menelaus, and fodit en ear Troy a besieged.

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but aster many an clering was riven to the inore os Carthage, here Dido the iuste received the exiles hindly. Here end theirs book. The se conrand third domo advan e the action of the story for the contain Aeneas' account of the fallis Troy, and his sustering and wandering bellare reaching Carthage. The followingmine

books teli of Aeneas' love so an desertionis Dido, his arrival in Italy, his constiet with the natives an finalty the death o Turnus his most angerous rival Asterthis it is obviolis that thoro oulit avo eo litti testio teli, and Vergi has nos chosen to tali us further hantii setilenient of his hero in Italy. The Aeneid was neve finished Vergit is satyto have

and the Aeneid was ivsen to the wori ascit ad been len by Vergili ven the imperse et lines be ingrant ouehed.

oyes os antiquit Vergil ad ne superior Only, Homer, and it cannot e dente that the generat voice of readersos the classic in modern times ould give a similar

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INTRODUCTION T

verdict. No sub many an e found io prefer ther uriters the beauties of Lucretius-out fide his system, the passion o Catullus, the gracsesul ar an spari lingmitis Horace, have made, and wil mali many admirers, but to the majorit Vsergit is alWays themaster poet. It rema in to p int ut in What the magi of Vergilconsists. Defecis an e found in ali his ortis, et the

adaptations frequently nreat an artificiat, ut of theirhin thenare perseet. The herdsmen o Arcadia aro impossibi creations butthei song and their loves neve cense to plenSe. The Georgius are a Farmer' vade mecum,' but theyare perhaps the Ost perse et poenis in existence.

The Aeneid is an artificia epic, o songis heroes and heroi d00d comini est Domihu eari, ut an epicWit a purpose, hos object Was ille glorificationi thonam and empire o Rome the rais of the eigningsamily, and the furthering of the ruler' attemptoo revive old rite an ideas. Is the poem has a hero it is Rome Rome the invincibi e bre alii nido 1 ali obstae les, carrying out the decrees of Fate. Aeneas is no ero, at times hecis a sententio usa ore. Hic piety is mearisOmeto a degre0, his bellavi0ur o Dido is despicabie ThuAeneid is great nos on account os, ut in spite os iis

nominat hero.

Sue are so me of the horico ming of the poenix noWWe turn to thei beauties. Pre- eminently Vergil usa master of style, I 0rdis Language, a Tennyson has calle him. N poet has possesse the pomer of using the right word the happies foueti, o sueti an extent asVergil. His angvage is osten artificiat, even assected,

yet the mos affecte passage invariabi leaves the impressio that it is absolutet what was anted that it

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h0me- parvumque patri tendebat Iulum '-One Ord,

patri, has a patheti fore that cannot be excelle in language. Sueli instances might bo almos indefinitelymultiplied. Again the tone of the poem is igit an noble.

One curious aut remain t be noticed. In the Middio gos. Vergit ad the ille an famem a great magician, and this although it may be a distorte and