Posthumous tracts

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in the SeΠSOry Organs, and the resulting motions in the bodyand appetitions in the soles, it Will solioW that the foui does noteXereiSe appetency or Volition per se, but by the instrumentalityof the organs, and is test to itself Would limo no determinationor Will, Or WOuid appetige Or Will ali things universally, and direct choice and Will to est things, i.e., to nothing in particular. At this rate I cannot comprehend What there is in us that candestre and Wish for morai good, or that cati di sagree and combat With the body; I do not sue What there is that can destre heaven, Or the favor of God; or that can seel Iove, Or endemorsor, or aspire to, Wisdom; What there is to give life to percep

the motions of the body, and the corresponding appetitionS, Whatever their nature be, in the solvi: also so long as I am indoi t, Whether there can possibly be harmontes in tWo subjecis that actualty are consentaneous With each Other during every moment and in every mode, apari hom any real interdepend- ence. It requires a SOOthsayer to reconcile and explain these occult qualities. The material ideas to which sensual ideas correspond, depend uponthe impressions made by sensibis objecta Von the Sen8Ory oryan8:

and the voluntata motions that correspond to the appetitions of the foui, depend Uon the motions of the nervous suid circulatino in the motory nerves. These Will be among the principat subjecisto be discussed in my Transactions, and therefore I shali notdWeli upon them at present. ' virtve of the mechanism of the hody there arise from the material ideas of sensibie objecis, motions answering to the volitions and appetitions of the foui; apartfrom any immediate eXtrinsto determination. Τhis also will boconsidered When We treat of the mechanism of the body and

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Consequently froin the series of molions in the bo , a reason moy be given for the origin of the perceptions and appetitions in the foui, und for the peculiar nature and quality of such perceptions and appetitions; and versa. The presence of materialideas in the brain contribules in no respect whatever to producethem. I should bo inclinen to bellove that hom the series os motions in the body, a reason mirat be giveu Why Such or Such perceptions arise in the foui, uni ess I Were also told to thinii, that the prosetice of the ideas of the sensory Organs contributes absolutely nothing to produce them: in Whicli case What theone VieW joins, the Other feems to separate. Where the rensonto be rendered can possibb be, I knoW nos, Since the preSeuce of the said ideas contributes in no Way to produce the OVeperception S and appetitions. The predicate seems to involve a

the one reatly disposes the other to aci like itsed ut iis intimation and will, What is the reason that me destre to day What yesterday We Ioathedy Unless there be a real dependenoe and connexion, What is the reason that the Will precedes and eivioinstite motions of the bo ; lik0Wise that the foui obeys themotions of the body, at the very time that it perceives thecontrisy to be right y And unless there be a connexion and mutuat action Os the foui and the body, What is the reason that the perceptions and appetitions and corresponding motions areneVer exactly identical or similar in any tWo living subjecis3

Anu What is the reason, utiless there be a conneXion, and enchassecis each, that the frequent recurretice and performance of actions, cauSes the foui to contruci a habit and as it Were an

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intelligib0 emplained by the very nature of the foui und of thebo . It is at any rate beyond my comprehension, is no acti Orior reaction of the foui upon the body be talien for granted, in What Wordes these matters are to be explainest, or hoW they areto be understood. Is it is to bo mado intelligibio by the naturo of the tWo, that nature must at least be previousty desin ed. And is it bo desinod as constituting in the foui a motiVe foree, Simple, single, peculiar, and representative of the universo, stillthe nature and the force are but one of the occult qualities Hready named. Αnd I do not meli see What can be the natureos one force, One limit and One end, and of no paris, in a perfectly simple being, Whicli exi sis and subsists 1 Om nothing, in iis oWn principie, and separate Dom the worid. Is the naturo of the motions in the body bo the sum, aggregate or produci Os

modifications, contribute nothing to this end. Othors thenmust exercise their subiter faculties On these potnis; to methey amount to an absolutely occult quality. Nevertheless the necessisy of the motions that correspond in the

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System, to malle ali motions, forces, determinations, inWs and Series, incomprehensibJe, and yet conjecturat; consequently toresolve est their predicates into occult qualities; for it is not considered sussicient to term them naturai. What service then hasbeen done by, and What issue is involved in, this sar-famed System, further than to malle iis ignorant of ali the laWs of our human kingdom, and content With the baro knowledge of theirexistenue 3 What other service than so to guard the code of the statutes and laWs os nature, that it shali bo Lept shut sor ver; and to inflict the punishment of Tantalus upon WhoeverWould dare to foroe iis clasps, or to breuk the cha in Whicli bindsit 3 Such is the walchsul vigilance of this boasted system lIs I am not mistaen thero is ground to suppose, that the principies of this system are taken from the method os fluxionsor in sinites, in faci, fronι the di erentiai and integral calculus; in Whicli the disseretices eques nothing, While both the constant

tho indosnitely smali and the integer, inasmuch as the One isas nothing, and the other is a quantity Or a quality, SO a bar-mony is Supposed belWeen them, and the fame ratio os laWs in the foui as in the body; just as in the above analysis, the Same mutuat ratio of the disserenoes as of the integers, Which maybe conjoined by analogies aud harmontes, and the one be multiplied by the other, although there is no dependetice of theone upon the Other. Consequently there can be no ratio givenbetwoen the disserentiai and the integral, and So they mayenter into the fame equation and analysis; and thus We mayelicit Dom the one What there is in the other, or What is thevalue of the Other. But the arguing DOm a pure calculus and analysis to real beings, is not valid. Τo avoid hoWever the appearance of intending to derogate utierly froin the credit and authority of principies Whicli aretho mentes Osrspring of the most refined bratias and judgmenis, and Whicli are received by the Worid as oracular dicta mitti respectful homage littie stiori of Worshis; fo avoid this, it is incumbent U0n me, myself to propound principies of yreater truth. For no One Ought to occupy the beneli, Or to give Sentencetheresrom, utiless he be reatly learned in the law, and able, by

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norance. The trulli comes out in examples. Now in the wholorange of the animal hingdom there is no more usual or familiarassection, than the destre for sexuul intercoi Se, Commonly

The surther question may be piat, What are the causes that it actualty exisis Dom, and What the means by Whicli it is derivoninio the body, and passes into effect 3 It will probably boansWered, by material ideas, to Whicli correspond sensual ideas, and whicli depend on the impressions made by sensibie Objectson the sensory Organs; and that thus arise motions that correspond to the appetitions of the foui, and to the motions of the Dervous fluid circula fing in the motory nerves; but apari fromany real dependence of the appetitions in the foui upon the

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motions in the body, excepi that the tWo harmonica ly corresponit to each Other. Still this other question arises, Where noes this instinet come Dom, to pas8 Dom perception into appetition, and so sortii. The reply is, that by the proper and occuli force of the soles, it comes into perception; Dom perception by occultWays and means into appetition; DOm appetition by an occultlaW into volition, Which may comprehend occuli series Wherebyit is produced; and theresere that to this volition, by an occultand preest lished harmony, correspond occuli series of motions in the body; motions Whicli are incomprehensibie, and ariSe, according to the occuli nature of the body and the solvi, Dom

ing ; since this force is the property of the foui independently

of ali extrinsic means, and the foui has these qualities Supernaturalty impressed upon it, inasmuch as it is a pure Substance, made Out Os nothing. But as ali the above responses of the oracle involVe an immediate refuge in Systematic ignorance, it is impossibio toascertain either the pOint, importance, merit, Or trustWOrthi-ΠeSS of the principies, Or to know Whether thousands of the

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Scene, or liVe Oxer again in Ouae times, that Our age should benotabie in great attempis, so remari able sor facts, that it canhoast that the mensures and modes of nature me nil RScertained, and that nature hersei th her mysteries and Secretes,

the bosom of her causes, more deeply Out Of sight than whenslio qui te hid her countenance Dom an ineXperieneed age. Meanwhile it must be confessed, that our contemporaries have spared no means, and omitted no opportunity, to elicit the forces and causes of nature by actual e erιment from the worid and from phenomena; also that the way of experiment exclusivelyhas been chosen, precisely that in these respecis we may GCeed the desert of the ancients. The ancients indeed ea me tO R Stand-

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stili at tho very threshold of the heavens; but modern astrono- mers, With their feet upon the earth, have furveyed With curious gage the inner chambers of the sky; With telescopic vision have penetraten the secrets of the moon and the Wandering Stars, and recogniged the valleys and mountains diversisying their sur- sucos With light and shade; also have visited the satellitos and moons of the planeis, and numbered the spois On the sum; and Iastly by the exercise of the understanding, have traced in olearthought the diurnat rotation of the emth upon iis axis, and iis annual reVolution round the sun ; and have discovered that thesun himself is stationary, contra to the apparent SheWing ofeXperience, and to the Opinion os the vulgar, Who stili asserithe datly revolution round the earth of the Whole Starry hemenS,as reposing on the credibility and dictate os the senses. Τhus at the present day, as the poet sings, ali the gales of heaven'Sgoiden halis are Opened :

Reseratis aurea valvis atria tota patent:

and we are ni home in that Olympus in Whicli, to continue thecomparison, the ancients Were but Strangers and SHournerS. In this respect,-in the search and evolution os this deoperorder of the mundane System,-hOW vast have been the serVices

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visit, and to exercise iis ari stud science in their fiolds. Νay, to geometry Πo object is more pricoless Or destred, than the

lation. For to the geometrical ari and mind it belongs, to findthe triae result Of proportions, numbers and Symbois, and tobring sorces and laws themselves to the bar Os calculation;-to that calculus Whicli it ever has ready to apply; and by means of Which, as the poet says, it can split the least os coins, through a long series of ratios, into a hundred paris. Is Archimedes, the unquestioned prince of Greeli mathematicians, and the boast of his age and country; is Euclid, the most eminent geometer lar many ages in the fertilily of his refources and the Leentiess of his judgment, and Who oWed his greatnessio his OWn unborroWed poWers, and Dunded So illustrious ulinoage of discipies; is these great men Were noW alive, With What carnest affection and delight Would they regard the present century, and the geometers of this favored period; especialty LeibnitZ, crowned With the Wreath of fame by his omncompatriois; and NeWton, toWering OVe hiS countrymen, and conspicuous With the badges and reWard of acknowledged and triumphant genius; also the brothers Bernouilli, and Other successsul mathematicians, Who have either bulli up the analysis of infinites or fluxions, or have applied it With admirabie si illio the ari handest doWn hom Euclid and Archimedes; therebyconstituting a science of Whicli the ancients assordest only a

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simplest ray of that organ; and 8o by these appliances, therearo innumerable things in the light of our day Whicli onteredinto nothing but distiness With the ancients. And DOW We canmensure With scientific glance in disserent paris of the vortex ofour shy, the hodies that Wander around the sun, and prove tobe eartiis like Our OWn; as Weli as the Inoons, in ancient times unSeen, Whieli accompany them in their course. But to detest nil cur riches in this Lind Would exceed my space. Suffice itto say, that the preeminence of Our age in these respecis, is duo not only to the Englisti, but to the French, Germans and Italians, nil Whicli nations have gi ven birili to great inventorsand improvers of the methods of ari and science, Who are too firmJy seated in their high position to need any presse of mine. Our contemporaries moreOVer have vindicated rationes philo

chamber; to lay aside the feW di aperies that remain, and give ali her beauty to Our gage. National philosophy has atready