어원: rīvālis(Of or pertaining to a brook, Someone who uses the same brook or stream as another)

뜻

1. 라이벌, 경쟁, 질투

1. rivalship, rivalry (in love)

예문

• obtrectare vero alteri aut illa vitiosa aemulatione, quae rivalitati similis est, aemulari quid habet utilitatis, cum sit aemulantis angi alieno bono quod ipse non habeat, obtrectantis autem angi alieno bono, quod id etiam alius habeat? (M. Tullius Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes, book 4 56:5)

  (마르쿠스 툴리우스 키케로, 투스쿨라눔의 대화, 4권 56:5)

• Rivalitatem non amat Victoria. (Publilius Syrus, Sententiae, 6 6:68)

  승리는 경쟁을 사랑하지 않는다. (푸블릴리우스 시루스, 격언집, 6:68)

• Sed pietatis spectatae iuvenis et matris obsequium et sororis officium religiose dispensat et, arcanis domus venerabilis silentii custodiat traditis, plebeiam facie tenus praetendens humanitatem, sic necessarium sanguinis sui munus aggreditur ut desolatam vicinam puellam parentumque praesidio viduatam domus suae tutela receptaret, ac mox artissimo multumque sibi dilecto contubernali, largitus de proprio dotem liberalissime traderet Sed haec bene atque optime plenaque cum sanctimonia disposita feralem Fortunae nutum latere non potuerunt, cuius instinctu domum iuvenis protinus se direxit saeva rivalitas, et illico haec eadem uxor eius, quae nunc bestiis propter haec ipsa fuerat addicta, coepit puellam velut aemulam tori succubamque primo suspicari, dehinc detestari, dehinc crudelissimis laqueis mortis insidiari: (Apuleius, Metamorphoses, book 10 23:10)

  (아풀레이우스, 변신, 10권 23:10)

• alii a Neptuno amatam, cum illa Glaucum amaret, rivalitatis dolore in hoc monstrum mutatam. (Maurus Servius Honoratus, Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil, SERVII GRAMMATICI IN VERGILII AENEIDOS LIBRVM TERTIVM COMMENTARIVS., commline 420 380:9)

  (마우루스 세르비우스 호노라투스, , , 380:9)

유의어 사전

1. Imitari means merely the effort to produce something like some other thing, without any accessory moral notion; æmulari (from αἴσιμος) means, at the same time, to do something which shall gain equal or superior consideration, honor, and approbation, when compared with the thing imitated. Imitatio has in view only the thing itself, and is generally moderate and laudable; æmulatio has in view chiefly the person, who is already in possession of the quality worthy of imitation, and always seems more or less a passion, which deserves praise or blame, according as it has its foundation in the lover of honor, or in immoderate ambition. Plin. Ep. vii. 30. Demosthenis orationem habui in manibus, non ut æmularer (improbum enim ac pæne furiosum) at tamen imitarer ac sequerer tantum. Comp. i. 2, 2. viii. 5, 13. Quintil. i. 2, 26. Cic. Tusc. iv. 8, 17. 2. The æmulus is at first behind his opponent, and strives for a time only to come up to him, and be like him; whereas the certator and concertator are already on a par with their opponent, and strive to outdo him, and conquer him. 3. Æmulatio contends for superiority in any art; rivalitas, only for preference in estimation. Cic. Tusc. iv. 26, 56. Illa vitiosa æmulatione, quæ rivalitati similis est, quid habet utilitatis? 4. Imitatio is an effort to become something which a man at present is not, but fain would be, and really can become; whereas simulatio, an effort to pass for something which a man properly and naturally is not, nor ever can be. Imitatio is the means of attaining to an actual or presumptive ideal; whereas simulatio remains for ever a mere counterfeit. (iii. 64.)

출처: Döderlein's Hand-book of Latin Synonymes by Ludwig von Doederlein