Demosthenous Peri tou stephanou. Demosthenes On the crown; with critical and explanatory notes, an historical sketch and essays

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io the id of Lycophron, vas desea ted by lailip and cona pelle to

li Could se ille the affari s of solitheria laessaly. Since ais deseato the Phocians e vas halle as a protecto by thei enenates, and he va already recogniZed a the avengeris Apollo, viro vas to reStore thehol te imple to iis rightsul ord an it vas confident ly expected thathe wOuid pas Therimopylii e vitii his arua and e Conae a o ver in Centra Greece. ut at this imormentotis Crisis Athens ecanae fullyalive to the an er xv lii Ch threate ne GreeCe and specialty herself Vith an energy vhi Ch vas tanti sua at this period an recallei the nostglorious of he olde days, he sent a forcei secto Thernaopylae, viii Ch vas sufficient to prevent Philip frona even attena pring to sorCe the PaSS, and whicli strange to say arraved in inae. Denaosthenes osten alludes vitii pride to this exploit of thens, an Cona pares it 4th her naany expedition whicli vere sent to late . his took place horti be fore Imidsunaimer, 35 2 B. C.' Thohigh Philip received a tena porary checi atthis time, he was no v recogni gemas a po verrio be reChoned vitii in the

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settiennent of the acressi Var; and he hi sed his position villa great sicili, untd si x ears late lae vas nable to eiu the war ora hi O vi ternas,to huimiliate Athens, and by a single bl ox t malce laina Sel a recogniZed partiae in re et astairs.

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their vard attaine his imaJorit in 366 at lae age of ei glate en Denaosthenes inanae sately began legat procee lings against hi satiardians, fronaeacia of vhona lae lainae t tela talenis; hi ut e brotigiat ni o ne sui totriat, that against Aphoibus, the hie guardian and lae hie offender. During tW years lae attenapte to bring liis guaidians to ternas hi private negotiations an tolle ouia naan hesitate long and anxioris ly ,efore

appearin in the oriri against naen of wealti and influenCe, villa ivlio inhe DuS Conteni at a great disa luantage villi his inexperience and his hirohen fortunes Ad lais tinae an even earlier e vas reparing orthe great Conte St. He seCurei the Servi res of Isaeus, a juris of greateXperien C in the Ouris, xvlio vas deepi leariae in the Attic a xv, especiali in that relat in to in heritan Ce and thema anagenaent of estates. AC Cordin to ne CCount Isaeus lived in the ou se of Denaosthenes Mur ear as his adviser'.

9. At en g th in 36 B. C., the sui against Aphoibus vas ead3 soricia in the Archon' Cotiri. ut Muri sive Jay bes ore the day of mal Aphobus triet a las desperate trich to Conape Dei nosthenes orabandon his Suit Thrasylo Clitis, a mend of Aphoibus, on Whoia i the ut of the trierarchy ad regulari been ina posed Canae vitii his rother, the rich and o verni Midias'. to Denaosthenes, an de mande that

question, as i ii vere legali ina posed on hina, or eis sui innit to διαδικασι before the boardis Generat to decide vii et heri e vasto undio bear the expense ather than Thras 'lochus, regar hie in had to the irrespective wealth and to the tinae since et ther ad oriae the burde n. I this decision veni against hina, he Dus ei ther assutiae the trierarchyor eXChange properi Willi Thrasylochus. The farsi stet in the processCalle αντιδοσις vas an officiat ealing of both States to prevent inainution, and the suspis smn y II amyrtis the Ssue of vhi Ch in is clitina Pair the value os ei ther property. Tliis ast vas the ea objecti the vhole trich, as it vas assu naed that i ermosthenes in his overi y Could

not alce the trierarchy, and that the tinae va too hori Or a διαδικασια. Denaosthenes a firs accepte the ai/τιδοσις, i. e. he resti sed to talce thetrierarchy thus fraudulenti tendered, and decide to subnait his case to

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1 o. AS iva Sola Iule in private Suits the a se Canae firS be fore apubli amiter διαιτητης), Who Conde in ne Aphoibus. In the Heliasticcouri, o vlai Cl lae appealed the re Sult va the Sanae, and Demosthenes vas a varde his ulliana ages, en talent s. In his tria he de livere hist vo orations against Apino itis XXVII. and XXVIII.). ut he ound it impossibi e to obta in ei ille his e State or his dana ages stoin his vii opponent. In atten)ptan to et Ze a plec os land hie longin to Aphoibit he vasIm et i , Onetor, brother-in-law of Aphobus, xvlio asserte that the and was his xv n, havin been talcen I, hina a se Curit1 for the do xvr of his sister, vhona Aphobus ad naarrie an divorCed. Denaosthenes no v brought a. δίκη ξουλης. or fuit os ejeCtiment, against Onetor, Chai ging

clain i In his case e debuere his xv orations against Onetor XXX.

Se Deni. XXVIII. 17 ἀντίδοσιν ἐπ' ἐμ παρεσκεύασαν, ν , εἰ ἐν ἀντῶοίη , μη

ἐξείη μοι πρις αὐτοὐς ἀντιδικεῖν os καὶ των δικῶν τούτων του ντιδιδιντο γιγνομένων εἰδε μηδὸν τούτων ποιοίην, ν' ἐκ βραχεέας οὐσίας λητουργῶν παντάπασιν ἀναιρεθείην. . . . ἁντέδωκα ἐν ἀπέκλεισα δε ς διαδικασίας τευξόμενος οὐ τυχὰν δε ταύτης, των χρόνων υπογύων οντων, ῖνα μη στερηθῶ των δικῶν, απέτισα την λητουργίαν ποθεὶς την οἰκίαν

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3ue D. C. DEMOSTHENES AS ORATOR. star

and XXXI. in protia lil in 362 36 I. The issu of this seconi sui is nothnown It is Certa in that Isaeus ad vised an Stipportet the oui gorator in ali laese stilis, and lae prohiabi Corni OSe i naan, Passage in

ii Tlae training in lax and laetori Whicla Denaosthenes gained in preparin foro his early Conte St, and iis long experien C in lae variotis pro CeSSCS O the OuriS, Vere 33 no naean lost. Hi found hina self, at the age of t venty-tiaree main ly dependent on laina seli sor suppori an the adopted lae proseSsion of λογογράφος or legat ad viser, the tities of vhicla included utat in spe eches for lienis to deli ver in Cotiri When Ceilae nante). In the perio frona 36 to 356 r. C. e Cona poseci or lienis

and energeti spe ech and action on his pari against Philip had not et

ἔλεγον τι ἐξωθεῖν καὶ xβάλλειν βίς. εξούλης is there re the actis Pectutent, hicli s

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resti sed thei hel p.

ilae victorious expectition in 357 et Eulboea ad ,een noria inalty in men ista ip vitii Atlaens. ut after Philip gaine controi o solitheria Thessaly in 333-352 6 , he Constantly used his influence to alienatellae fland frona Athens. In lae Firs Philippi letters vere rea frona Philip to Eulboeans, ho vin thostilit to Alliens and we ear of his

Cruiser of Geraestus . Early in 35o lae Athenians vere sic ed sori et phly Plutarchus, a sortii de Spol in Eretria, via xva laarii pressed a1 hisenenates and p sesse to ibo a friend of Athens Aga in stolae strongopposition o Dena ostiaenes, it vas vote to seni an arnay to Euboea tolaeti hina, unde tiae Conmimand of Phocion. his expedition hiul various fortune in a sex xv eeli S. Plutarchus prove treaClaerous, and the Athenians vere sor a tinae in great langer; hi ut ho Cion aliae lo leCisive Victor at Tannynae, lae nexus of vlai Cla vas brotight to Athens

brought then intomimicabie relations 15. The rea Dionysia festiva os 35o vas important for the fortune os Delmosthenes. His tritae, the Pandionis, ChoSe o Choregu Si O tht year, and e volunteeredo talce the uties and bear theexpense of the χορηγία. IV hile he was sititia in the orchestra os thetheatre at the festivat, ani id ali hesona prand state of the Cerena ony, t ei nil a SaCred as vellis a public officiat, iuearin his cro via os office, his id .eneimy the wealthymidias li), Cain sor vari and struch in severat

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tii a les in the face villa ais lenChed St'. his vas not aerei a personalo atrage, ut an in Sult to the state and to a great religio us festival andit could e deali vitia ni by the imos publi legat pro Cess. his vas the προβολη, in xvlai Ch the case irst Cain bes ore lae Assenabi forciis

16. A ea later in 349 Philip took a imos ina portant stet in lais

gran plan by attachin the Olynthii ac consederac of thiny-t xv fiee Greel to vias in lae Chalcidi peninsula. In es than a rear a laad Captured an destroyed ali laese, in Clud in Stageiros, the birth- place of Aristolle, an sol ita inhalbitant trito lavery . Olynt litis, the ea of this confederacy, ad long been an ina portant an nouriSh in City,

generali hostile to Athens, an before 35 friendly to Philip He

προσελθον εἶναι ράδιον εἰπεῖν. s. XIX. 26, πριν ἐξελθεῖν ἐνιαυτον του πολέμου τὰs πολει ἁπάσας ἁπολωλέκεσαν τὰς εν DXαλκιδις οἱ προδιδοντες.

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whicli , rouo lit in to Therino p)lae an alimos Carried in furtiter, a larnaed the enter PriSing City, and in the aut Unan Os 352 lae vas in stiend- sin ip is no in alii an Ce, vitii AthenὲS'. In the aut trai in os 349 an ei albas Syston Olynthus Canae to thens, sic ins lael P against an attach frona Philip and propos in a fornaal alliance'. Athen accepte the allia iace; I, ut notia in iva done vitia SuffiCient energ to Save Olynthus o any of aer Consederate to vn S. lare enabasSies Canae frona Olynthus to Atthens, and lare se eis vere sent l) Athen to Olynthus the las fleet vas stili a se When Olyntlaus eli. Γhe Cit was Captured aster a brave

defenCe, by the et se of traiior vitii in the walis, Prol)ahil in the early aut unin os 348 Τ. Maia Athenian Citigens vere Capiti red villa the ity Vith oro, ei re Olynt laus fel the ollae Chalcidi to vias, and thedestruction va Coimplete an terribie. Sel dona ad annitin siloched thes elings of the Grecian vorta lilce lais Travellers in Peloponnesus AesClaine anaon others Saxum the oad tro ops of Olynthian captives triventis to lavery I7. I)uring the Olynthian war Denaostlienes de livere lais three Olynthiacs, imas terple es of eloquence, ut os earnes appeal to the patriolis ni an public spirit of the Athenians an to thei sense of tityan honour'. lae ivis predictio of lae Firs Plailippic ve do notno v figiat Philip there in the orth), ve hali perlaaps be cona pelle tofight in here , V is no xv repeate i in resti vord and villa recto ut, lectforce na ore o verni arguiment vere ver ad treSSed to any People;

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and et lae quietin influence of Eubulus an hi pari prevente allefficient an liniel action. The Thiri Olynthia has a forcibi appealto lae Athenians to tis e lae Theota o festival stin formailitar pur-

an sor his he hardly fel prepared. V laether a laad ali ead planiae d

perstiade the Athenians o sera a public enuo vitii hin to sic Philipto restore his an Sona money. Ctesiphon no the defendant in the fuiton the Crown was sent on his naission . Philip received both Ctesiphon and Phrynon vitii great cincines an grante their equest. Ctesiphon reporte that Philip visite to Imalce PeaC as Oon Spossibi e The Athenians vere delighted an it vas unan in otis lyvoted on the notion o Philocrates that Philip naight endo erata an enuoys to thens o reat for eace. A certain Lycinus roughta γραφὴ παρανόμων again St this decree, vitii a penala o a undi edtalentS, O What ground we are o directly inirimed. Denaosthenes