Histories. [microform]

11쪽

INTRODUCTION

care. ut the ei lath boolc, Iesides bella incomplete,

INTRODUCTION

question e bellind. Recent criticisna o Thucydides has con based on the de that his vori is no trisy scienti sic ut stulae anaentali artistic. NegatiVCly IV ni C

positive ly that Thucydides selection os venis andi reatinentis characters- vh are tracticali pei Sonifications os abstraci orceS, Suchos Hope or Insolence-iS designe to present the sal os Athens as a tingetly in

Spatia naade in the latteir ear-Copied by hina, nodo ubi strana the originals It has been potnted ut that the ex os the secon os these disseis in sonae delatis strana that iven by the origina inscription a singimentos 1 hicli has been discovered ut the VariantS, WhO1 C

12쪽

INTRODUCTION

posed the di pis of his laist ory biit inserted theria ister

v. 8. 5.

INTRODUCTION

13쪽

INTRODUCTION

the ad os Athens uas a trage ly, and is Thucydides, in

INTRODUCTION

direct unlairneS to a persona opponent vlao hac biGriolata boui his Nile, as os a na ore re fine i injustice in priuingli in on the Stage a an incarnation Os Aeschylean βρις.

prina ary agent in iis history and is x e bear this in nain J, ve halliatis ore iv charge in ivit l, nait ting to note essentiat eat tu es in their poticy. It is no hard to scein What direction his o via Synapathie lay Pericles, Sidi a via in ii. 65, clearly enabodios his dea os statesnaan -

A the a me time, laucydides cannot be acqiutted os omittin certain facts of prirnar importance, sueti as the loviain os in tribute in B. C. 25,nSSerte by the Orator an confiniae la Dan inscription Hiclis and Hi , Gree Historica Inscristiolas, No. Such an imission an ei ther hie excuse on ille rouiu that Thucydides assumes acquaintance vitii laeinter a assairs of Athens noli par of his readeis, no by tiae ac thathis subjectovas var an noti nance-iliou h liis aina Vas clearib to confineliis areative a sar a Possitae to aditar operationS.

14쪽

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

naodetate constitistion Stablishe at thens notae allos hie Fotiri lindred, os vhicli e saysoliat iligarchyan clernocraCY Vere ningle in due proportion ' Vili. 97. 2). Thus xv See t fiat ThucydideS, Iulio vas laeso 1 oat things an intellectuat', hel the doctrine dear o his class, that Science is ablerio compotin the best constitution by a judiciolis nai X tu rei oppositeS. δThe claron olog of Thucyclides lia given is to naucla dispute. At ille ope ning of the continuoti narrative si 1 lae telis iis that the event of the warrare describe lin Order κατα θερος καὶ χειμῶνα ut o definition os these ter scis giVen, and ve are et to interpret theni in

a connectin lint bet ween the narrative of the Archi- danai an var and the continuation os the history, Thucydides invites the reade to regarit alae natura divisionsos inae' this 1 the naean in os κατὰ τους χρόνους rat herthan the designationis lae 3 ear by the nanae os officia is amaethod viaici os course varie in disserent cities an d

cannot trade his de to iis original ource vas dotibilesscilirent in ille politica discussion o Thucydides tinae.

It is however jus possit te to translate 'in four of the winter monilis', talcing των χειμερινῶν as a Partitive enitive. OIme editorS, again, ut Pose των χειμερινῶν tori, an interpolation. Cf. V. II 7. I am ρι του πιγιγνομένου θέρους Vi 9 ἄμα τε ρι εὐθυς ἀρχομένω του πιγιγνομένου θέρου , Indis On. in ii. 3I περὶ δε τυ φθινόπωρον του θέρ0υς τούτου.

15쪽

pie sonae litile tinae Again, in B. . a the Peace os

d hos sicis potiato in conclusion liat laticydreles considere ine spring to begin in the lalter par

ooening os, inter the data re by no naean s Clear; hut ince auturnia vas include unde suilinae an gavetinae sor suci operations a Paches expedition to Muti-

INTRODIICTION

16쪽

xviii INTRODUCTIONtain obschirities vllicli ave neve been convincinglyelucidat d. The et iis os ine log os Plataea laave been pronouncedo b increditae but lino v ootirile os in aspect os in est in in fisth centur D. C. to subscribe to is ei dici lae renaa in Mund n e

sit botonito a tisne subsequent to the destriiction olPlataea , ine Thebans an in alea occupio ii 429 274. C. naa have been rite large than in acropolisos the later ny The most serious hargin againSt Thucydides concern his nariative os the operations of

Itis rite stat ine lenoli, the fland is ven sistem stadia vliveas orruption os e S texi, vesta is nota be trusted in in mario os

INTRODUCTION

the recogniZed naaster of this style, and the devices by vhich he secured the balanceis clauses in Sotini as vella SenSe vel Callei the orgian inui es' σχηματαΓ0ργίεια). IV domo nee the Xpres testinaon os the ancient to SSure u that Thucydides vas Subjecto theba

17쪽

xx INTRODUCTIONinfluence os Gorgias, whoria e solio xed even in his imost patent desecis The contiastis ἔργον an λογος is voria salse antitheses, are not uncomition. Nox G0i ine ni Sophis ivliose influenc is trace e in ine P ge of Thucydides. Prodicus os eos xvlios style is palodi ad by Plato in ine Protagoras set inessashion solaborating

INTRODUCTION

antithesis. Other peculiarities os usage have been X-plained by the laci Iaat, a the scholiast in ran his, thelangua eis fiucydides vas the Early Atti maleci ' ηαρχαία Ἀτθίς); aut this inean only ctiat he enapioyed suctisorius a ξυν Or συν αἰεί sorίει, an somno vhichielonito the Atticis the fifth centur B. C. as distinguished Dona thelate dialeci . Ve are not necessari lyclo inser that theri Griffs uia in his history, whiel a re fore ign to the pure dialectos the Conae Nans anc Orators, e long to the Attic os Thucyllides' outh, and vere retatne by hirn vitia ille a1na os impartin an arctaa1 flavoui to hi prose; ieyropresent .hther his debl to the Ioni historians and philosophers. Such ai ἀχθηδων, ὀμφιδηριτος, κραιφνης. κλεος, θάμβος, an naan others; iey belon in par tollae language os poeti y, and lao v that Thucydides solio ved the Ioni philosopher ' in adimittin a. Oetical

and the lilce. Indoed the ni device belongin to the prose artis his ab ovhicli ve seel in alii in his pagesis the inritation os natisica rhythna of vhicli Thrasy

Neveriheless, the angvage of Thucydides bears thei impres os a genitis ivliose iseedona suci conventions Sthos xvhich ive have describet could Enait ut in sim ali legree. The osten repeatec craticisna os uintilian deuSus et brevis et scius in instans ibi Thucydides-does no lose iis poliat even ivlienove are force to allo v that

18쪽

xxii INTRODUCTIONis sometiriae oni in play os a subit an Sophistica intelligences abolit single inerme- the cro v lini Os

Mahassy, Histor of Clastica Greel sterature, ii P. III.

INTRODUCTION

A the eloge of Book III there is a naargina note in hicli states at

19쪽

XXIV

INTRODUCTION

os sinat solio vo by the rennaining SS. an os equalantiquity It has been conjecture that this tradition vas ctiat os the recension in hirteen book the tentii ostiaes naight perhaps have beguli a vi. But there is

INTRODUCTION

no evidenc os lais. The papyrils ra ments are oostiori tote os naucla value in deciding the relative nieritos rival traditions. In one or two Case the consarn the conjecture os imodern critics, but only vhen stigiat alterations of the teXPare involved tendinino cottiatenanceto the theor uiat the naanuscript tradition is vitiate by the intrusionisi largina gloSSe in large nun)berS, nor in-

graphis Thucydides; but either our jud genient of his Style, nor oui appreciation Os his nean ing, is in theleas assected. The quotations frona liticydides Mund in

The factolia variant oecur in vi. 92 L may be urged against is

20쪽

INTRODUCTIO TO BOOK IU

DURIN me three years vitia Whicli this Book deal there vere three main theatre os var-the coast os Peloponnesus, Boeotia, and the norit coastis the Aegaean So great velet the osse sustained la Sparta in ille sirs of these regions andi by thens in the secon and third, uia on both ides herea rose an irresistitit cali sor Peace. I. The CoaAt o PeloponneSuS. - Besore the war broheout Pericles lia indicatec the Strateg best uite to the refource of AthenS-t resta in rom meeting the enena inpitched baules o land where e va admittedi Superior, andio vecti hii do via, parti by Sinapi endurance, paril la using the nava Strengilii Athen sor aggressive action against his coasis and Stal lishin nostile post in his territory. Inpursuance os this polic Nicias ad in a , forti sed nil garrisone the standis Minoa ost the coastis the Megarid thereb intersering vitii me trasse of Nisaea, an in a an lilae earlier par os 24 the Sanae naethod vas applied vitii

The sirs instance vas that os 3 los, a Position os reatnatui a strength bout vhicli Delmosthene had probabi hieardfroni his hiencis the exile Messentans a Naupactus. His project ho veVer, vas OppOSed by hi Superiors, and uould nothave been carried ut but so the torΠ hicli prevente thesseet rori continuin iis voyage to Corc Ta an Sicily. Onceroughi sorti sied Pylos vas sala rona capture so the Spartans vere notoriousib inesscient in lege operations and the disable-