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domino, dum tamen domino suo sicut tenetur suum offerat oma-gium coram probis hominibus, et suum rationabile relevium alicuius iuxta consuetudinem regni de feodo unius militis centum solidoS; de so agi vero quantum valet census illius socagii per unum annum de Baroniis vero nihil certum statutum est, quia iuxta voluntatem et misericordiam domini Regis solent Baroni capitales
de releuiis suis domino Regi satisfacere. Idem est de serianteriis.'The tenant ho held of the crown accordingi paidis certain relies, and might even notae qui of his relies ratione custodie'; the tenant ho held of the hin as of an honouri escheat was in
the Same positio as an other under-tenant. s. Magna CarM,
cap. 43. Compare hoWeve Polloc an Mailland i. 289. The Same nequalit os right willle noti ced in the caseis aidci since thestatute hicli determinex rationabile auxilium' 3 Edward I. c. 26ὶwas clearly not et to affect the rights of the Crown see qui si sons and Asseramenti relasing Io euda Asri, I p. xxiv). P. 135 l. Io Aiout est episcopatu Vaeanto octo. CL . R. I men. II. Bishoprie of Lincola, p. 8 Hugo de Chaucumba reddit compotum de 3oti . pro releuto 6 militum. In thesauro Ioli. Et debet et oli Helyas de undeuilla reddit compotum dera marciS
pro releuio militum. In thesauro Io marce. Et debetis marcas.' l. II. O. Solictos. It illae observed that the relies quoted
l. 22. Peleuium repetero non valelaia. s. Magna Caria c. Si autem heres alicuius talium suerit infra etatem et suerit in custodia, cum ad etatem peruenerit, habeat hereditatem suam sine releuio et sine fine.' his passage hows that Magna Caria made hat ascia in the caseis under-tenant also a in
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P. 135,l. 29. Eiu non The criminal Who flees, wheni has notheen accused of his crime, might come illiin the Assige of North- amplon, c. I, Selec Charsera, P. 1 53), relating to those holad est the country and refused to return But the exacvmeaning os obsecrum is no clear. Glanuit discusse sorseitur unde the two head os convictio and ouilawry. The classification here probabi amounts to the fame hin perverset stated. CL Glanvili, vii. 7. L and s. P. 136, . . arotioris assisa the Assige os orthampion 1 Ir6), hich was a stricte formis the Assige of Clarendon. l. 8. Moladium vero pretia. Cf. . R. Iamen. II. Lincoin Idem vicecomes reddit compotum de catallis fugitiuorum et eorum qui perierunt in iudicio que quorum nomina hic subscribuntur In thesauro 33li et I 6s et i in o alliis. Other instances are
Dialogus knows nothin os the right of the crown to ri year, day and waste os the elon's lands Glanulli, Vii. 7. . l. 7. Quorum Eufra meminimus f. II. i. Mabove. l. o. si et thesaurus. TreaSure-trove was the propertyos the crown, and the concealmentis it a criminal offence f. Glanvili, i a xiv. a. InStances of treasure-trove accounte sorby the heriss willae Mund in Madox N. E. X. I, P. 234. Item cum quia IaiCum functum alae . Compare Glanvili, vii. 6. ἶ - Cum quis vero intestatus decesserit, omnia catalla sua sui domini esse intelliguntur . . . surarii ero omne reS, Sive testatus siue intestatus decesserunt sic, domini Regis sunt; vivus autem non solet aliquis de crimine usure appellari nec conuinci, sed inter ceteras Regis inquisitiones solet inquiri et probari, aliquem in tali crimine decessisse per duodecim legales homines de vi Sineto et per eorum Sacramentum. QUO probato in curia, omne res mobiles et omnia catalla que suerunt ipsius usurari mortui, ad usus domini Regis capientur penes quem- Cumque inueniantur res ille. Heres quoque ipsius hac eadem de Cau Sa exheredatur secundum ius regni et ad dominum vel dominos reuertetur hereditas. Sciendum tamen, quod si quis aliquo tempore Surarius fuerit in vita sua, et super hoc in patria publice defamatus, si tamen a delicto ipso ante mortem suam destiterit et Penitentiam egerit, post mortem ipsius ille vel res eius lege usurarii minime Censebuntur. Oportet ergo conStare, quod Surarius deceSSerit aliquis ad hec, ut de eo tanquam de Surario OSt
mortem ipsius iudicetur et de rebus ipsius tanquam de rebus
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usurari disponatur The Dialogus contradicis Glanvillis to the dispositionis the usurer' real propeny but thes vix shows that thecontradictio is no absolute. Cfitebermanes L interrum, P. Po),who hold that Glanvili is right. The mahing of the wili is probablyconSidere notos a condition pari rom that os repentance, butoni a evidence of repentance so that ille apparent discrepancybetween lanuli and the Dialogus must notae pressed. s. hoWeve belo II. vita comite poenituerit et testamento condito,' c. ut intestac seem to have been regardefas the naturalpunishmentis the sinis usury. f. olloc an Mailland ii 35 , for the casei Hamo Blund, ,ho die intestate an is commonlyaccused of havinitent his money pon usury. Chron. iocelini de Bralelant Camden Soc. p. 7. Note that ahing amili is closelyconnected with death and the sacramentis penance For accounts of the good os usurer seige se MadOX H. E. X. 4 P. 237. P. 136, l. I. Vel Ciuia etiam Madox' conjecture ciuis is rendere certain by the repetitionis the phras in the questionis theschola immediatet sollowing. Clericus is a temptin conjecture in both cases; ut probabi the sentenc is intende to exhaust allthe a class; an vel ciuis etiam' ni potnis to the fac that usur in a cilige might be thought a venia offence. P. 137 l. I. priuilegium clomeretur. CL Gratian's Decretum
II. C. I . qu. 4 M a Simila statement.
l. 24. Fructentilaus i. e. uri Sprudents. The solio nypassagemight almosti a reminiscence of Glanuit loc cit. l. 29. Q Iesia non reclamanto even is the church has a claim, he Will mahe non to the good os an usurer i is
doubisulcis the churchaad an claim at this date to the good evenos intestate clerks. ut note that the rule is gro in v that thegood os an intestate are to e deat with by the bishop cf. onthe whole subjectioiloch and Mailland ii 35 . P. 138, . . mors Iucteorum. Ge might ahe usur os a Christian without breahin an law of the Church or of the Land. curious a se is quoted by Mado fro P. R. 4 Ric. I. Ol. 9 a H. E. vii k 6 p. 166, note uin Iudas Iudeus de Bristo debet ii uncias auri pro inquisitione acienda in Capitulo Iudeorum si Iudeus debet
capere Suram a Iudeo. In eadem specie, i. e. the interest mustbe os the fame natur a the principat it is not public usur to lendmone an receive good in discharge os the debi, hateve the
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P. 138 l. 4. U. enarios in optimanam This a therecognige rate os interest charge by the Jews Polloc and Mailland i. p. 452). It a not hoWeVer, the ni rate os interest, Sinc Id. and 3d a wee are also known to have been charged see Jacobs, Thelews in Angevin England Pp. 87, 3O8, Sq.). l. 5. Non unlious autem O these usuries there are twohinds sirst the lanxor cliurchia be transferre to the creditor with the natura issues of it,hicli are notato b rechone in avouros the deblor, untilae discliarge the debl this is the more venialhind, ut is expressi condemned by the Counci of ours 116 3)cap. a Corsus Luris Canonici, Dec. III tit. v. c. I); the secondiind, in hicli the creditor no oni tahes the issues ut charges interestas eli, is to obvioust usurnio require Condemnation. l. 5. Dro . Udris. his is a mere abstractis a charterpledginitan and is in consequence obscure probabi the author mean the o mark so the principat of the debi, hile thesecon sum os Io is the interest payable early Compare Charterra in Anci en Charurs Pipe Ron Society vol. 3.
l. 7. um Dost mortem rectitoris: s. Glanvili X. viii. 'Cum vero res immobilis ponitur in adium ita quod inde acta suerit seisina ipsi creditori, et ad terminum, aut ita conuenit inter creditorem et debitorem quod exitus et redditus interim se acquietent aut Sic quod in nullo se acquietent. Prima conuentio iusta est et tenet; secunda iniusta est et inhoneSta, que dicitur mortuum vadium; sed per Curiam domini Regis non prohibetur fieri et tamen reputat eam pro specie usure. Unde si quis in tali vadio decesserit et post mortem eius hoc uerit probatum, de rebus eius non aliter disponetur quam de rebus Surarit.' l. a. o iis tamen Scictentilaus. The admissio that these casual prosit domo come unde the ea 'De Propresturis et Escaelis' hows that their classificatio as escae e is purely
Ρ. 139, t. . sicut supra totum est: i. e. I. i. B, C above. The schola return to the question of the good of selons, andraises the question hy the good os a villein selona to the ingand noto the lord. The answer of themaster is that this is therule unde the Assige os larendo c. 3 Selec Chariers, p. 43). l. 8. Quo si ominia This passage emphasietes thedistinctio belween the legal and the actua right os a lor tolli chatteis of his villeins Is the ord had exercise thei legal
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P. 140, l. 3. Prectonum ... Meuntur. Compare II. vii A bove an note Tli author seem to confuse robbery illi violence' u illi 'furtum mani Stum.'
l. II. Eleut et ita: cs P. R. 7 Ric. Prol. I Et Thomede PresteWude qui attulit apud estmonasterium apud illelmi de Ellesor ullagati a marcas, Per breuem Cantuariensis archiepiscopi ' quote by Madox H. E. V. 4. P. I 36, note ), and Law of Eri ardio . vi. D Lupinum enim gerit caput a die utlagationis sue quod Anglice ulpes eved dicitur.' l. 6. surum autem a Vioecomitem Thest a Withinthe heri Ts urisdiction. lanulli I. i. says that oleria is a Plea os the Crown Excipitur crimen surti quod ad vicecomitem pertinet et in comitatibus placitatur et terminatur'; XIV. viiij
me furtis autem et aliis placitis que ad vicecomitem pertinent, quia secundum diuersas diuersorum comitatuum consuetudines tractari habent et terminari, ad presens iuxta propositi mei exigentiam, quod principale Solummodo attendit curiam, tractare non decuit. Compare also VII. xvii. Preterea si de furto uerit aliquis condemnatus re eius mobiles et omnia catalla sua vicecomiti prouincie remanere Solent terram autem, si qua fuerit, dominus eodi recuperabit Statim, non expectato anno. Notethat curiam below is the ing's couri, theraheriistis the comitatus.'l. 9. Si vero furem ProPrium. This appears to e an
account of the appea os thes describe by Polloc and IIaitiand
His Eng. Lam ii. p. 58 Sqq.). The prosecutor gives Chaset the thies, at se the hue an cry, and bring the caseae re thesars competent urisdiction hether the justices itinerant or thecount court. In Such a cas heci entiue t twosol restitution sol a I persol Das a reWard soriis diligence Polloc and IIait-land Ibid. p. 49 a quote soluere et persoluere meaning t pay double value, sto Law of milliam Selec Charurs c. 5. Persolla sor a repaymen is quote by Mado sto the NormanΡipe Roll. H. E. v. u. p. II 5 n. l. in.). Compare also the Lau sos Canule, i. 24. I an Leges Mardi Con cap. 26 reading
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which show the existence of the custo in ther cases. P. 140 l. I9. Droprium not hi oWn thies, ut the thies,lio has stolen his goodS. P. 141, . . iuxta PromiSSum cs. I. V. I bove, to hichthis passage appears to refer. No actuat promiserio dea with the subjeci salven but theraecon boo sollows the planis the writingos the rod describe in that pasSage.
l. . Sequitur OmPotu ct Censu nemorum. A comparison o I. v. I abOVe hoW that the author has here omittexto mentio the account de omnibus firmi maneriorum . . . que annuatim debentur et Soluuntur. These are themanors hicli are
in themingiliandiu domo form a par of the Corpus Comitatus.
Here also come the OroughS unleS their accounts are large enoughto require Separate reaiment.
l. I . Sunt tamen quectam forosto. In the Pipe ol os
are addexto the ESt, an domo pay tithe, an Malver does notappear For maiore ecclesie se I iii. Dabove and note. l. o. illioiti: cf. I. i. Glabove and notes also Liebermann, Einlectum, P. a. l. 28. Vt vianti animo. Iuuanti, whicli Madox reads, hasno manuscript Support. The allusion may berio Hab ii a 'Scribe visum, et explana eum Uper tabulas, Ut percurrat qui legerit eum.' P. 142 l. 3. Prenotatio t. For instance, L Pipe ollis IHenry II, P. I I
Noua placita et noue conuentiones per Randulsum de lanuissa et Hugonem de Cressi: Idem vicecomes reddit de duabus marcis de Irningelard hundredo
pro murdro . . . et debet vilis Id.
salterus filius Reginaldi reddit compotum de iii marcis pro
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desectu In thesauro iis et debet xxviiis. The paymenis os the current ea are thes noua placita an solio the placita or
P. 142, t. . Placita autem the distinction here drawn is that
placita are penalties, conuentiones voluntar pa nent made Othe inget secure Some advantage. ut there are many paymenis
that lie pon the orde line the peculia positionis relie is dealtWith in II. xiv below and it a be adde that it ould edim cultri say hether a fine so leave to compromise a Suit,a a Penalty or a voluntar payment, ere it no that the paymentis Queen'saoldipo suci fines ut it among the Sponte oblata.'The sam dissiculi occurs in the caseis fines ariSing rom amerce-menis See Madox H. E. i.-XiV. l. 5. Diata spontanea. These re discusse in hapter xxiii elow. l. 6. uno primum V to this poliat the reasurer has
l. 2. Eleut MSimus i. e. II. X. A above. l. 29. De Brmam so the coercio cf. bove II. i. in vel capientur de firma tua.'l. 34. A vioecomitem. The heri accounts for the payments SSeSSed on Ounties oriundred. communia) an in thesecases h get the quillancem is Charged with the debl in the caseos paymenis assessedis individuali singulorum the heriri only soluan responsibi sor en rcing payment, an soloe notae thequitiane or incur an charge so the debl. For the writ to thesheriri coerce debior Se Madox X DII p. 243 note . P. 143 l. II. Erit o vera No reason is here assigne sorthe se os the phrase per breue regis instea of per cartam regis. In I. viii. Hisbove it is Xplaine that in certain cases this phras implies that the person havin the libert were notexpecte to appea a the Xcheque With thei charters o laim exemption his is clearlymo the caSe here cartam ad Scaccarium
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deserat). Se above, loc Cit note, for Some quotations illustrating the practice of the Pipe Roll. The ther potnt here insiste on is that generat word will not e conStrue to ove particula liberties. Note that the se of the wor seculari ' shows that the author isthinhingi gist in Dan almoin to ecclesiasticS. P. 143 l. a. auo tilai, C. f. P. R. I men. II. Nom. p. 18 Willelmus de Meria debet o marcas de misericordia, set nichil
inuenitur de suo extra septa ecclesie per fidem vicecomitis. On corporaliter os II. v. A above an note. l. 35. OnSummatum ompotum See II. xxviii. Α below. P. 144, 1. 2. Elaea initia. See I. v. H above.
Exeter The sinat entr in Pipe Rosso Henry II, p. 125 is
Osu ardus Monetarius debet xviii. H. et v s et vii. d. de mi Sericordia et aufugit et Eustachius filius Stephani habet domum eiusque erat in manu regis per breue regis.' l. 2. Cuius ueti proces against hom has alled. s. above II. i. D nisi quem sola suprema excuSat inopia.'l. 34. meroimoniis inseruiunt. The sense of inseruire 'muSti pressed by the mere ac of engaginii trade the Deeman degenerate : cf. belo II. xiii. D. P. 145 l. . o auxilii vo ctonis civitatum Various instances quoted by Madoc H. E. Vii. 4, 3, p. 48 sqq. SuggeStthat he the count pat a 'Communis Assisa, or hen the King's demesnes in the count paid tallage, the cities and boroughswere permitte to tende 'dona' auxilia in te of the assiseor tallage. The word cannot however, e thus harpi distinguished since e snd sor instance, lassis burgi de Oxinesord ' MadOX loc. cit at p. 85, note hin I9 Henr ΙΙ, an in I Ric. I individua Thanes and Drengs in orthumberland an de dono' unde the head os tallage. l. 2. X preMotis f. I. viii D, II. ii Mabove and note. l. 4. Plurimum interest Madox H. E. xvii. 4, p. 91
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quotes a case rom the Memoranda os 3 Hen. III Rot . . a. whicli illustrates hi potnt Thera in on allaginitiis demesnes attempte to et a lum sum os 3,oo marks sto the citigens of London, and the offeredis,oo by way of aid. The ingleing dissatisfie attempte to asses the tallage per capi M. The caseultimatet turnexo the dissereno belween a tallage an an id, a distinction hich does no appea in the Dialogus. Again ibid. p. o 9 note quotes sto the Memoranda omen. III rol. 18 Ostensum est ex parte Hominum de Bedsord, quod cum Homines eiusdem ille talliati sint per capita, Vicecomes iniuste distringit communitatem predicte ille, ad reddendum allagium
quod asseSSum est Super certas personas et ideo mandatum est
Vicecomiti quod de demanda etc. predicte communitati pacem etc. et distringat illos qui alliati sunt per capita. The common liabilityos a town is alway the result oscit own aci, not of that of the
P. 146 l. . miles aliquis Vol Illae alius. r. Liebermann Gebe Pseudo- u De Fores a p. 28 compare this passage with the divisionis classes in the so-calle ForeS Law of Cnut. He remarh The classification os an os seudo-Cnut agrees with that of the time os Henry II. . . . The severa classes os dependent eople, rom agricultural tenant doWn to laves are noldistinguished As by Richar Fit Nige and alter Map the
illanus is classed illi the Servus, rom homae is stili clearly distinguished by Domesda in io 86. Pseudo-Cnu does not count ille Middie Clast sc mediocre o lessthegnas), as Liberales jus as Richard does not count the ricli urgesSe and traderS, Who eredoubiles Dee, as Liberi l. I . Hi similis. CL HOr. p. I. i. 65- rem lacias,
rem, Si posSi S recteri Si non, quocumque modo rem.' l. 32. eae Promisso. The regular XCheque phrase or an
underlahing, by hicli the person ahiniit came a 'debitor.'l. 35 Catalla que lieit Vonctuntur. his appears to belli earli est authorit o the lamos diStress CL Bracton, III 4 4 sq. sor a more elaborate account. In both accounts the ordo observandus cis deali illi, an sociar a the order of things oes, the w authorities agree. As to the orderi persons, there is a remarhable discrepancy. The Dialogus places the orde a sollows; firs the deblor' own property second the propert of his illelias,
and third the propert of the under-tenant of the deblor and their
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villeins, his ast ni in distrain sor Scutage Bracto gives theorde as, sirs the properi Os the deblor' villeins secon thedebior' own property thir the Properi os the deblor' under-tenanis. The position os the villei has orsened though thelegat theor has remat ne the fame. It must be note that Bracto is dealin with the la os distres a between private individualS.
P. 147, . . mutatoria Vestimentorum. Cf. 4 Reg. V. 5 decem mutatoria vestimentorum.' l. 4. Qui suales trainediorses.
l. 7. Scriptitiorum, i. e. the villein os the unde tenanis. l. o. Victi . . . enctantur. his is an interruption to the argument, hicli is resumed at quod si.' l. 3o. Item monenctus Various cases are quote by
P. 149, t. 5. Quisquis nim See o this passage Pollochan Mailland H. E. L. i. 457, 5I 2. It must e remembered that the statemen here is made rom a nancia notis legat ointos vlew. Legati it sint roughi accurate. l. 26. incte ite, Sc proposi sones a reminiscence of the logica division o proposition into universat, particular, and indefinite. The logica rule is that indefinite proposition in necessar o impossibi matter hallie ahen a universat, in contingent matter a particular cs. Aldricli, Artas Logicae Rudimenta, ii La) The Loician, however, may use indefinites a particularS, no assigning the quantit sto the matter, ut admittin an indefinite premise and theresore conclusion Where the rules of the figure domo require an universal Hence the minor premis in fig. I may be indefinite, but no the major See An. r. I. 4 9 ' ManSel, ad loc cit.) The author means that lumen use indesinite proposi-