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no stricti true that there eremo invasions of the manes ' during William' reign, ut the typica piratica incursions ad eased for
geld here give is inconsistent illi the entries observe by Madox in the Pipe Rossis 3 Hen I, here Daneget appears as aidannualty H. E. c. xvij. I, p. 475). Under Henry II it was collecte oni in the secon an eighth years of his rei gn. Anenlr occurs in the ipe ol os et Henry II p. 115 of the amercementis Osber de Bra quia prohibuit Danegeldum dari de
dominiis ' and in the nexi ea Elias the usher received one mark ad portandum summonitiones de Danegeldo per Angliam ' Ρ. R. 2 Hen. II, p. 5). ut it is no clear stat an Danegeld was actuali collecte at these dates. In ali probabilit the tax aspracticali obsolet at the date of the Dia us. l. Io Bella vel opinione Dellorum et cf. Marc. I 3 Cum audieritis bella et opiniones bellorum.' l. 6. ominia. The definition here ive os demesne
differs Dom that in us in later times It means at the land whichlias notaeen granted out in lae, and thus includes ali land held by servile tenanis. At a later date land heldi a man in domini is theland actuali in his own hands, land held in servicio is the land held
no liable so the annua paymen due by Way of sine Domitiose who have cleare and ille land in the royal orest, provided that suci clearin Was madeae fore the death of Heno I. This is disputed by gome lio potnitu that suchia ments aris hom offences, pardo sor hichiusti by special Writ But, o the otheriand, the penalty is a fixedine, an is charge o the land notis the
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offender. It is there re analogou to the communis assisa, homwhicli the barons of the Exciteque are also Dee. The sum ofas Oros muSt noti preSSed the are ni by Vis example. The entries of the payments o the Pipe Roli ho that the communis assisa a fixe so the count and distributed per hiras. Cf. Pipe Ron 15 Henry II, here severa instances os communis assisa
Society), p. lxxvMXXXVii. P. 103 l. 27. Le eoestrio comitem Rohortum. Rober de Beaumont te Bossu, secon ear of Leicester. Justiciar II 5 1167. P. 104,l. I. refictentis ignitatem, the ossice of Justiciar. Praeses o praesidens is the term sed in the Diges and the ode
babi that this incident too place in 1166 7 1 3 Henr II sincerit appear o the Pipe Ross of that ea that Nan de Nevit heldpleas os the forest throughout England and a considerable portionos the rolicis ahen up ith amercement made o that OCCASion. In this ea the Ear o Leicester is mentione repeatedi in the Pleas of the Fores as havin pardon se breue Regis, S are Variou other person connected illi the Exchequer, includin the
Ralph Fit Stephen, and ome thers hos connexion illi the Excheque is uncertain. A note to the schedule os combustions attache to the hancellor' Rollis the fame ea mention thal Ricardus de Nevilla est niger et malus homo. His nam SuggeStSthat he was ne of the lanii os hos extortions the Ear of Leicester complained. The objectio of the baron applied to the productio of the writ probabi every one of the had charterso exemptions for thei lands stomoaste an regar of the
l. 3. Te arctam. his seems to have been a SomeWhat
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unpopular inquiry cs P. R. I Hen. II II I p. 3o, Lancasfer, De placitis Alani de Nevilla.'- Totus comitatus de Lancastra
debet o marcas ut visus foreste poneretur in reSpectum Vsque ad
aliam reguardam foreste. At sucii an inquir ali essaris made in the intervat out be examine and arrented, i. e. the holder of them charged illi renis and ned. In ali charter os disai regiment the regarxi speciali mentioned as abolished.
P. I 04 l. 5. apposito numero . . . Surgedat: s. II. c. X. belo Where the reason os his precaution is explained. l. 7. Stupedant . . . Meentes: L Mati. ii. 23 Et stupebant omnes turbae et dicebant: Numquid hic est filius David λ'
l. 4. De loeum a maiori. y the commonplace, rargument in sortiori.' iocus ' translates orro the term docus
a maiori appears to e borrowed rom the Classificationis the Topic by Themistius cs Boethius, De Disserentiis Topicis, d.
Migne, a. c. 2o Q). l. 7. Maniorum. This ord is ver dissiculi to explain. There is no trace of corruption in the manuscripis, an Madox's
conjecture of aliquorum appears unienable Liebermani Eini. p. 8)Suggestiballivorum hichiseem litile eiter. The late bishopis Oxford, retaining the readin os the texi suggest that thewordia be alanorum ' rom Alanus ' a unting og. e are incline to suspectrahat the resereno is to Alan de Nevili Chies Justice of the forest unde Henr II Who appears repeatedi Onthe Pipe Rolis and who hel pleas in men. II and amen. II. There as also an Alan de Nevit junior connected illi thesores administration. f the readiniis to e alterex Alanorum 'mightie suggeste referring to the two Alans; ut it seems bellerto retain Alaniorum and explain trus a derivative stom alanus. meanini minion o Alan de Nevili.'l. 34. miti rostituta est summa. Niget, bisho os Ely, retired from publicas in consequenc os an accident in II 6 and die in Ma 1169. Is the transactio here recorde too placeduring this periosi is presumabi that recorde o the ipe Ronos 3 Hen. II p. 167 Mich. II 67), in the account for Cambridgean Huntingdon, - Idem vicecomes reddit compotum de os de Sumerestiam et de Bluntestiam Episcopi de Eli. In perdonis per breue Regis ipsi Episcopo os. Et Quietus eSt. The enlr occursamongst the Noua lacita et Noue Conuentiones per Alanum de Nevilla, and one of the ther entries unde the fame hea resera
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Son and archdeacon os Ely. P. 105 l. 9 non communi regni iure. The oresis ereoulside the jurisdictio of the common a an separatet administered CL Stubbs Const. Hi SLI, p. o Sq. l. I. non iustum aDSoluto. Anollier Exciteque ossiciat Walter Mamis even more severe D. N. C. p. 7 Rex i. e. Henry II . . . forestarios non deleuit, sed adhuc nunc post mortem Suam sitant coram leuiatan cames hominum et sanguinem bibunt; excelsa struunt, quae nisi Dominus in manu sorti non destruxerit, non auferuntur hii.' Quaere legendum sicut anticorum Leviatan.' The expression absolute an secundum legem foreste' ereprobabi suggeste to the authora his logical training. l. a. In forestia otiam, etc. With this may be contrasted Joh os Salisbury's denunciation os huntini Pol craticus I. iv); but even e admit that qui otii inertiam vitant, qui gerendis
negotiis disponunt membra dum laboribus asSuescunt, qui vitiosam corporis fugiunt molem, seruata in omnibus dignitate perSonae, iustae reprehensionis non patiuntur aculeos ' bbid. c. 397, C. d.
Penetralia regum. s. Erg. Aen. ii 484 Adparent Priami et veterum penetralia regum, and Psal Io , 3ω Edidit terra eorum ranas in penetralibus regum ipsorum.' l. 28. AD Ungue primo: cf. Horace, Carm. III. i. 24 De tenero meditatur ungui.'prauo uctontim cs. Horace, A. P. 8M Cur nescire pudens PraVe quam discere malo tyl. 32. Foresta. The author' etymolog is as usual sancisul. The word is connected with the Latinioris, forinsecus, C.
P. 106 l. 7. Isidore of Seville Opera IV. io says 'Occatio
est cum rustici, satione acta, bubus dimissis, grandes glebas caedunt et ligonibus frangunt. Our author, notwithstandin his reserence to Isidore, obviously understand i as stubbing up or clearing. CL also Lewis an Shori, S. v. l. 3. V tum. . . I Hen. II., an . Pleas os Nan de Nevil Ricardus Fuillet reddit compotimi de a marcis Pro . . . et pro molendino firmato in foresta et pro salina facta in foresta et pro asto nemoris.'
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P. 106 l. o. Figuralitor, in oviline. Boethius translates e πω λαβεῖν Arist. Top. I. 7, I by ut figuraliter sit Sumere ' Top. Aris . Inursre . i. 6. d. Migne. . . I . C). l. I. terminum . . . Constitvi. s. s. iii. Terminum posuisti quem non tranSgredientur.' l. 22. Proni enim . . . promouenctam. Cf. Rom. i. 3 Ministerium meum honorificabo.' l. 32. Si en memini compare I. V. D. bove so the allusion to the seat There is a mention o Domesda Boo in I. iv. A. on hichisee note. P. 107 l. 3. Di . . . tuum: Mati. i. I. l. s. auri itiosis his derivation is Isidore's, EI m. vi I 8. l. 23. Supra C d. v. D so the hancellor' deput o vicar, CL I. V. E,I. i. D. bove.
l. 25. eamUulatorio. The ea os the curia sollowed the hing. The ea os the Exciteque followed the session os the Exchequer. ut in some cases in the absence of themin abroad the ea os the Exciteque Was used sor ealin chancery rils Patent ollo Henr III part et . m. Hic incipit sigillum de Scaccario currere post transfretacionem Regis.' l. 3O Henrie Quonctam . . . episcopo Henr os lois c. II oo II I) brother of in Stephen an bishomo Winchester II 29 117 I). I Seem possibi that Richard theoreasure cites hi a the ource of his insormatio by way os implying that twas no derive seo Roger os Salisbury. Henry's age an his residence a Winchester ould ive a special valuerio his statement. I. 35. ecreuit, c. The hapter must e regarde asa piec os conjectura history It ieces together the traditio of the ita os oro preserve in the introductio of the Leges mares Confessoris, the ac of the diversit os Englisti laws mentione in the eis millelm and the ac of the existence of Domesda Book into a connected story. Os these constituenis thesirs resis ni o vague traditio an is mos probabi the invention os a riter bout II 35 Liebermann Ceber die Lege E. . 4 3, and ei ther the rs nor the secon has an known relation to the hird Again the objec os Domesda Boo was undoubtedi the assessmen o Danegeld cs. Mailland Domesta Boost an Be on p. 3), and the assertio that it was intende to define the right os individual mos probabi resis o iis laterraselo decide hether a give Manor Was or 'a mota ancient
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Demesne. For a curious example os this se se Statutes of the Realmo Ric. II, C. . P. 107,l. 35. iuri Aeripto Thi is notis Course a resereno tolli Roman Law, hicli is frequently referre tot the continentas VIus Scriptum', ut probabi to the ieis illelme' Leges millelmi I), a code drawn up by Some private person aster the Conqueror' time an attribute to t. cf. Liebermann loc. ci L, Polloc and Mailland H. E L. i. p. 79). The tems Merchenelage, Denelage, estgaxenelage ' occur in the Latin versio os ieis Willelme' Leges millelmi I. ). P. 108 l. 3. Ne trio. The allusion is probabi to the Mur-drum and the vie of rank-pledge.' See bove o, an forfrank-pledge, Liebermann Leges Mardi Confessoris, 48. Butnei ther institution sanown to hau prevalle in Normandy.
l. o. Vertii Communitiu annotata: i. e. O attempt was
made to represent Englisti or Anglo-Latin ord by classical
l. II. Fit autem oscriptio. his account os omesdayBoo fhows that our author a ii as e no have t. achcount is divide into numbere chapter Setting ut successivelythe land of the in and of the various tenanis in capite. Within these hapter the description proceed by hundred asin rute, and within these division by manors the hidage of ach bein Stated. numbered lis of the tenant in chie is prefixed in ach county,
and Serves as a content table.
l. 32. Ticta. r. Round has hown that chide in omesdayBooh consist os four virgates os arabie, acti Os 3 acres, achos thes hides o virgates ein an uni os assesSment an nota unitis area. Mutat England pp. 36- 4. Centum must betahen a a oos rendering of hundred, the old long hundred 'bein meant. The paralleloechoningi carucates an bovates isno mentione in the Dialogus. l. 3. Hunctrectus. The number of hides in the hundredvas variable. hundred might contain a semas o or a manyas o hides Round Feudat England pp. 6 Sq. . r. Round Suggest that it usuali approximate to an Ven number, thecount bein divide into so many hundreds, and the hundred saSSeSSed at o many hides acti the assessment ein ultimatelydistribute amongst the vilis of hicli the hundred consisted Feuda England pp. I, 2). The phrase secundum quod diuisa
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est terra per viros discretos suggest that the author of the Dialogus hel the fame vie , though e seem to Sto a thedivision into hundreds. ut the divisio an assessment date Domin unknown period of history. P. 109 l. 7. Comos autem est. Cf. Insi Cmιά apud Heame, TexI Rosi. p. 45) Comiti rectitudines Secundum Anglos istae sunt communes cum rege tertius denarius in villis ubi mercatum conuenerit et in castigatione latronum et comitates villas quae pertinent ad comitatum eius et consuetudines liberalium hominum duppliciter omnes habere, &c. Besore the conquest his ut is
Geo remis Mand ille, p. 287. As to the comital manor mentione dabove se Eyton, omestas S udies. Somerses Londo I 88o and J. H. Round Feudat England P. II . l. 3. Porro Hoeeomes dieitur. The histor of the ame vicecomes belong to Frankisti history. There i no reason to suppos that normali in England the vicecomes Was ver the officer of the comes' though specia condition might ahelii So, as in Cornwall, Chester, Durham, and ther caSeS , and Vicecomes is simply the officia translatio of Sheriis.' l. 16. Numquictis singulis. The emphasis is o the ord singulis'; are there, say the Scholar, in Very count earis Who receive these profitζῖ o. ansger themaster. ini thesemen notis Selden these aris' receive them, hom the royalbount . . . Create earlS, and o homi reason os that dignit it decrees that these sum are to e granted Whether in se or sorti . The constructio is, os course dissiculi; quibus seem tob put quos 'aecause conserenda ' in the lalter part butthe meaniniis clear. There is no an ear in very Ount ut hen there is an eari, he et the thir penny ratione dignitatis,'whetherae is an ear in se or ni sor i se This is no the vie
Mr. . H. Round Geos re de Mande ille, p. 293htahes Selden's
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eo of the passage, vig. that the receiptis the third penny dependsnot pon the posses Sion Os an aridom, ut pon a specia grant. The Reporis i ta Digni the eer iii. p. 6 in the main
support ou vie that the Ord ratione . . . decernit areexegetica of comites sibi creat, an explain the natur of the parinership. The negative ridence of the Pipe Rolis is adduced by r. Round in suppor of the vie tahe by hima anxit is of course hel enough that the author of the Dialogias is simplybiunde in in his assertion. e ould, Owever, urge on theother fide, that r. J. H. Round himsel admit that there is evidence in the age of LeicesterShir an Oxsordshire os the payment of the thir penny in cases here the ipe ol is silenLOs this a specific instanc may be give seo the otii ear of Henr III. Madox c. xxiii. a. p. 65 I. n. l. quotes the rit
directe to the barons of the exciteque ordering them to cauSe
penny of the count of Surrey, as illiam de Warenna his atheran d his the ancestors ad had ii as appurtenant to his aridom comitatus of Surrey. There is nomention in the Pipe Rolis os oor 1 Henry III of an payment of the third penny in consequence of this rit; ut it ould e difficultato argue sto this silence thatit a no made. Surre is ne of the aridom foro hicli theΡipe Rolis o Henr II are also Silent, and the silenc is quailyin conclusive there. The conclusion Seem to e that e do not
S.VV. Advocarus, Fredum Comes de Ierii denario. Only the more important are mentione here. I may hoWever,i potnted ut
that he hir penny of judicia fines a very generali regardeda the proper hare of the udge residin ove the triat an it Will e remembere that the continental comes is to a large extent a judge. In the capistula o Chartemagne Peris Lere. I. p. 46hWe find the principi expressi Stated. De composistionibusque ad Palatium perlinen Si comites ipsa cauSas commouerint ad requirendum, illam tertiam partem ad eorum recipiant OPUS,
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duas vero ad alatium; et si per Suam negligentiam remanserint et missus dominicus ipsa cauSa coeperit requirere, tunc volumus ut ipsi comites illam tertiam partem non habeant Sed cum
integritate ad Palatium veniat This ut apparenti applies both to the Frankish and Lombard portions of the empire. ut that twas stili more idely spread can e hown rom the descriptionis Hungar in the Gesta rederis Imperatoris by Otho of rei singen Muratori vi p. 665, cs. Selden, p. 388), who say Hinc est ut cum Ungaria per lxx. vel amplius diuisa fit comitatus, de omni iustitia ad fiscum regium duae lucri partes cedant, tertia tantum comiti remaneat. It would appear, there re that the third penny of the leas is the fina remnant of the judicia functions os the eari, an is originali due to the Frankisti empire. Whetherthis imperia institution reached the Englandis Henr II throughWilliam the Conqueror, o whether it came illi earlier importations
stom the Same ource, admit as et of no exac determination.
l. 33. EXPUoit in to the authenticit os his content table
se Introduction, P. 8.Ρ. 111 l. a. aurilaus auctioncti: cf. I. viii. . above and note. l. 25. Qui . . . ctolorem: s. Eccles i. 8 qui addit scientiam addit et laborem.' l. 26 loeunctum estpore: s. Hor. d. IV. xii. 8 dulce est desipere in loco.' P. 112, t. I. conuoeantur a locum nominatum. The place here the Exciteque sat was no determine unti thesummons ascissued. See Introduction, p. 43. l. 25. Darone quorum supra meminimus cs. I. V and vi.
l. 27. Diationilaus The distinctio belween oblationes and solusiones is again drawn in II. xiii and xxiv elow in agendis
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vicecomitis is a genera reserence to the lalter par os his book, notrio II iii. P. 113 l. 5. Vomam. s. II. . . I belo' here the items enumeratexare Chatteis of Felons and Fugitives Treasure Trove, Chatteis of usurer dyin intestate an other casual prosiis. Instances are quoted by Madox H. E. X. I, Pp. 23 Sq. l. o. Noueris autem. The proces is a follows. Tahingili great rol of the endingaea the reasurer' cler mahes a rollo ali the debis standin ove in ach county. his is submittedio the barons, and the si sor ach deblor the amount to edemande Dom him, considering specia circumstances in the various caSes, and hecking ach ntry by resereno to the reatroll. The Chancellor' scribe cf. I. v. . above tahes the amountsso fixe and draws p the summonses in the or given. As to the fixin os the amount to e collected cf. II. i. B. below Sicut presidentibus visum fuerit.'l. I. Est etiam alius loricus I appear Do I. V. V. above that this mus have been the scribe of the Chancellor' Rolt, or Scriptor Cancellarie.' l. 23. H. Te Anglorum. The sor of the summons continue much the fame in later times. Under Edwar II itsollows the formis the Dialogus, substitutin coram Baronibus de scaccario sor ad caccarium, 'omnia for nominatim, and omittin the clause Et haec . . . de firma tua.' his last alterationis due to the ac that the item no derived hom the previous Pipe Rollisere o demande by a separate summons calle the Summons os the Green ax, whicli appears o have ahenthe Place of Separate estreat sent direct to the herii by the Justices in yre. This course a no doubi due to the rapiditywith hicli the Summons of the Pipe increased in tength. CL
os theSe, cases os amercemen and of murder-fine have been notedon the margin, and the leas of the Crown in acti hundred conclude illi an account of paymenis os id As appear both sto the ron and Dor II. . elow, the functions os a Justice in Eyre ere a muchisca as judiciat. He Was a much concerned