The works of Lucian

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LONGE VI TY.

ghis litii Piere of Luci AN ' isito specth in the Languare flainters', in his mors

ACCEPT, mos excellent Quintillus, as a mali tribute, my li oflong-livers, hici I was admonistaed to presen to o by a ream, that Phad on that night hen o gavera nam to ou secolad son, henes praye to the god that both ou and oti child rei might live a long and happy life wellano Ning that tengit os ab suo ou ould prove a testingio allis an hi nil, and particulari to me and in to me also the ream ste med o presage omething good ascit appea red, there fore, to b the willos the god that Pshould offer o ou something in my Nn AEay, and fuit ab leto in profession on his auspici ous Jay the da o Dyota birth here sondyo an account of ali hose ho ere remarkable for avinitived long an dei oyed health of bod1 and min d; heiace ou may rea the doubie a luantage sirst, that os a che arsul and weli munded ope that ou may ourselfarrive at a good id age, and secondi y the convictolon ou ill receive romthe examples hic hQ, ill produce, that hos only an enjo perfecti ealthand long life who ake the greatest care both o mi nil andio cly. The lis of Nestor the wis est of the pectis, Nas, ac cor linxto Homer, extended to three times the natural age of man, an die is described a themode os industr an application Tiresias also, a the tragedians informus, lived more than si ages and most probabieci must be that a maia dedicated a he was, to the service of the go is, an inured to temperance andi et sobriet v

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sol, id ty, should alta in to tength lays. Whole nations of men re celebra ted for their longevi ty on account of thei manner o living, a the AEgyptians, ho ere calle D sacred scribes the Assyrians and Arabians, interpreters of mysteries the radian Brachmans, deepi stilled in philosophyn hos silio a re calle the Magi propheis and Oly men amongst the Persans, Parthians, Bactrians, Choram ians, actans Medes, with many other Barbari an these ere ali rem arkably long-livei and ealthy, ore ingmost probabi to that temperance and abstinence hich thei studies obligia ed them to Even at hi time there are hole nations that live much longer than others the Seres in particular, horare ait to extend lis even tollire hundred ear sonae attribute his longevit to the ir, thers to the soli, and other to thei manneri living, so the di in k, it is se id, nothingi, ut ater History telis has that the ' Athotes also frequently live to an hundred and thirty, and the Chalilaean to bove a hundred, Dedin onbarley bre ad , hici strengiliens the glit, an mahes thei senses qui cherand more pori erful thaia tho se of other men. But I have spolienti therio only of those eople lio, e re told, lived

longe than others, et ther frona the temperatiare of the air, thei manne ofliving, or both together i is necessar I hould also add, or ou futureliope an com fori, that in Very limate, and in very air, men have frequently et oyed long life by the means o prope exerci se, an using that di et hicli conduce molito health and strength. I hali divide my narrative into severat paris, accordi tanto the severat ranks of men, egi nning ithaings and ea ters happy to number amongst themouritan august an dii ous emperor, hos life is the glor and appines of his eople : these illustrious X amples ou may ourself hope to imitate, a d by practi sing thei temperance, in heri their longevi ty. Numa Pompilius, the mos prospero has and happyi Roman Lings, and Aho ad the vor ipof the god his peculia care, is sa id o have live to four ore and up variis and Servius Tullius, an octier in of the Romans, to the sam age; and Tarquin, hei last fovere igia, after his anishment to Cumae, ei ob ed life in perfecti ealth for more than inet years I could menti O many therkings, a Nellis the Roman together illi severat person o inferior rank, both a Rome and in ther paris of Italy, hociive to a great age. Me

A bous. The inhabitant of mount Athos.

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must cali in history to refute the opinion cibo se ho find Dult illitur atras unci holosonae, and whicli stat ter us illi the leasi: i hos e that our prayers, illi crorutaed illi successi, and that the ' Ord of earlli ait eas, who is atri ad y far adu anced, ill long rule ver hi land an arti in to agreat and happyild age Arganthonius, in of the Tartessians, liv d ahundred an dii ty years, a Ne learn rom Herodotus the historian, and the poet Anacreon though by sonae the account is dee med fabulo us Demo chares an Timaeus teli us that Agathocles, ing of Sicily, dici attinet: sive Serare informed like Nise by Demetrius and thers, that Hiero lived ton inely-t No aster a re ign f seventy ear S. Anteas, ing of Scythia, die Latini nely, ghting against Philip on the an k of the Isther. An Bard lis, vere ignis the Illyrians, is aid o have fought ora horsebac at the sume age and Teres, in of the Odrysians, a ' Theopompus telis us diei atn inely- two Antigonus oeses, ing o Macedonia, and sonis Philip fellii the batile illi Seleucus and Lysimachus, covered, illi ound s, hei hewas ighty one years old, as e re informed by Hieronymus, ho accompani exhim in that expedition, and who telis us also that Lysimachus, ingo the Macedonians, fel l in the war gainii Seleucus, hei he was justi ur-store Antigonus, son o Demetrius, and nephe of the one-eyed Antio onus, rule o e Macedo four-and-fOrty years, and lived to ei ghty, accord- indito Medius and ther riters and Antipater, the son os Iolaus, a mano greatlowe and Uthori ty, who a gQVernor to any of the ings of Macedon, dicit pward of eighty. Ptolem, of Lagus, the most prosperous prince of his time, possessed theatragdom o Egypt to the et i litv- urth

year of his age, and No ears e fore he ted resigne i it to his scin PtolemyPhiladelphus, the only child ho fur vive him. Philotaurus, the eunuch, therar si ho acquiret the kingdona o Pergamus, hel fit for a lono time, and die a Dur score and Attalus, urna med Philadelphus, nothera innof the fame place, ho , a visite by Scipio the Roman generat, lived tolli age of eighty- two Mithridates, ingo Pontus, urna med the Bullder died, after his night frona Antigonus, at ei ghty-so Ur, as Hieronymus an dothe writer inform s. The a me historian says that Ariarathes, in os the Cappadocians, liveo eighty- tW years, and might probabi lave sur-

1 Theopomptis. J The celebrat ed historian.

vive d

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vived many more i he had o been ahen prisoner in the batile against Pei diccas, and condemne to the cro The Elde Cyrus, in o Persia, accordin to the monumental inscriptions, and this is confirmed by Onesicritus, ho rote the lis of Alexander, inhenae asin hundred ear old, meeting with one of his frientis, hom he had been long in earch f, and hearing rom hina that many persons ad been ut o deat hi his ora Cambyses, ho reporte that it a done by orde of his fallier, parti on account of his sola' crueity, and parti because he had been himself accused os

conniving ith him, ted of rief. Artaxerxes, urna med Mnemon, On account of his extraordinar memory, Whom the ounge Cyrus aged Naru ith, ted at ei ghty-sx Dinon says inely-sour Another in os Persia of the fame a me, lio, as Isidorus thes historian reporis, rei gne i in his time, as ut ii by tre ason a the age of inely- three, his rotheriosithres conspii in against hi m. inarthocles, in of the Parthians, on his re turn rom Scythia, too possession of his kingdom at Durscore, and re ignedseven ear an Tigranes, in o Armenia, ho en to war illi Lucullus, as eight y- sive 'hen te die l. Hyspasines, wh rule j ove the Charactans and ther eo ple ordering on the Red ea, live to the a me age: and iraeus, the thii da in frona hina, a carriet ossi a diseas atn inely- two. ArtabaZus, the sexenti fovereigia frona Terreus, ac brought in to the kingdom by the Parthians at eighty-six, hen e began his re ign. Mnasires, likewi se another king of that nation, live to inely-set Masinis a Lingi Numidia, arri vexat his nineti eth ear That Asander, hom Augustus made governor of the Bosphorus, ought both o foo an horse bacca the age of inely, and was inferior o none three ear raster hesta rved himself to de ath, ein pique at the citi gens for desertingit in and going ove to Scribonius. Isidorus, the Caraceni an telis us, that Moesius, who Nas his cotemporary, and Ling of the manians in Arabia Felix, livedio a undred and fleen these re at the princes hom histor has celebrated for their longevi ty.

But a many philosophers, an maen o letters Iulio tali more care of thenaseives have also lived to areat age, I mali endeavour, a far as a nyrecores Nil supply us With information to enumerate them Andirst, sortii philosophers: Democritus of Abdera, as turnedi a hundred and four, Whenae voluntarii ab sta ined rom ali ood, and ted. Xenophilus, themusician, and rem arkable fot his perfect nowlege of the Pythagorean sys

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tem, live at Athen to the age of a undred an sive and pKards, s eare tot by Aristoxenus Solon, diales, an Pittacus, three of the evenwis men, ere cach of them at eas a undred years old. Zeno the prince of Stoic philosophers, at the age of inely- eight , a he ruas com inginto the school, umbled, e re told, and immediat et cri ed out . ostilio cali me then returne home, rem sed ali manne os susten ance, and di ed. Cleanthes, his disciple and successor, has an impostume in his lip hen he was inely-nine, and resolved to die in the , me manner; ut receiving letters frona his friends, reci Uest in him o do ometh in for them, he 'oo a litile susten ance, performed What the required, then larve lhimself, and ted. Xenophanes, the son o Dexinus, a discipleis Archelaus, the naturalist, lived to the age of n inely-one. Xenocrates, a scholaro Plato's, to ei ghty- ur Carneades, principat of the Ne Academy, toeighty-five Chrysippus, ourscoren and Diogenes, the Seleucian, a Stoicphilosopher, eighty-eight. Posidonius, the philosopher ani historian, anative of Apamea in Syria, ut sterward made a citi Zen o Rhodes, die lat ei ghty-Dur; and Critolaus, the eripatetic, at ei ght y-t AE and pKard s. The divine Plato live to ei ghty-one. Athenodorus, o Tharsus, ho astutor to Augustus, an prevalle o him to exempt that cit frona ali axes, for hicli the Tharsa ans a id in annual ormidias ne of thei heroes, diei in his native countr at eighty-t ori and Nestor, the Stoic of the fame place, preceptor O Tiberius, at inely-t o. Xenophon alio, the son. o Gryllus, lived to p aros of inely These e re the amous philosophers, ho ere rem arkable so their longevi ty. Amongst the historians the mos extraordinar in his respect was Etesibius, hocis sal to have droppe do AEn dea Das he was aiking, at the ageos a undred and wenty- ur, accordin to Apollodorus Hieronymus, afainous arrior, after receivin inia umerable ound s, andis life of abour, lived to pward of a hundred an four, as Agatharchides in fornas scin his inth book of the Histor; of Asia, hereae expresses his admiratio of man wh was able to perform at the ilices of it, and ad the se of his senses, and was in perfect ealth, to the ver last moment Hellanicus, the Lesbian, lived to eighty-fi veri and Pherecydes Syrus to exacti the fame age Timaeus, the Tauromenian to inely-sX. Aristobulus, o Cassandra,

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vas et glity- ur, as e telis has hinas et in the resace to t. Pol 3bius, sono Lycontas, the Megalopolitan, a he was Coming ut of the countsy, fel frona his horse, and contracted a di sordet hic li cari ted hi in si just ontheia that complet ed his ight y- second ear and Hypsicrates, the Amyceni an a riter, and a mala of the deepes erudition lived to the age i

Among f the orators, Gorgias by sonae called the ophis , di ed, v avoluntas abstinence frona ali ood, at a hundred and ei hi : hen e asasced hat could e the cause of his livinis long and etaining his healthand senses o suci an extraordinaryi d age, e sed to say, it Nasi in tollis laying at home, and no indulgin at ther men's abies Isocratesu rore his famos Panegyri at inely- sic and in hi ni iacty-nintli ear, when e rus tol l that hclip ad beaten the Athenians at Chaeronaea, herope a ted in a mourn fui tone, his verse of Euripides, applyin it to

hera C ad naus etsi his much-lov'd Sidon est, Vand then adding that Greece ence fortit ould e re duce. to lavery, he expired Apollodorus, o Pergamus, the rhetorician and preceptor o Augustus Caesar, together illi Athenodorus, the philosopher, o Tarsus, livedio the sanae age of eight y-t No and Potamon, an orator O sonae note ton inely.

Amongst the poets, Sophocles, the famous tragic riter, die at inelysive, ein choaked Nith a grape-stone : to Nard the lose of his life 'hisson Iophon accused in publici of eing ut of his senses, henae produced e re the ud ges his edipus Coloneus a sussicient proo of thes uiadnes of his mirad, in s much that the our besto ed the ighes enco mi iam on him, and condemne the son a a ad man, in suppos in histat heroo e so Cratinus, the comi poet, lived to p ard of inely, havin justi e re gaine the riget his Pytine Philemon also, nother comic riter, laid hinas et dorun quieti on his ed, at the age of inelys even, and perceivin an as devovi in the fgs hicli ad been brought for his own in ner, e calle his servant, and ordere him o bring the asssonae ine, then burii into a tota laugh hicli choaked hina, andae die l.

puta. mus, μι. Froin the Phrysus of Euripides Thecline is stili extant in the frat-ments a publis hed by Barnes it is quoted alit by Aristophanes. - . Hi foti J See Cicero de Senecitu te The stor likexvi se oldi Val. aximus.

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o IEpicharmus likewise another comic riter, is sal to have live to thesam age. Anacreon the writer of songs, was ei ghty- sive henae ted; and Stesichorus, the de-maker, of the fame age. Simonides, the Caran, Was above inely. Amongst the graminarians, Eratosthenes, the Cyrenaean, sola of Aglaus, whoris mentioned by sem no Oni as a grammarian ut a Poet, a geometrician, an a philosopher, also lived to eighty-tKo Lycurgus, the legisator of Sparta, is seid o have been ighty-five. These re ali the princes and earne men hom Phave been able rocollect. I promi sexto give o an account of sonae Romans and Italians like ise, ho ere remar habi long-lived but these, by divine permission, I propose, most venerable Quintillus, o mentio in another reatis o this subject.

disine permis on. PGr. εὐ βουλομιαν miis volentibus, Or, a the carrier say, Odinil ling.

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CI AN 'S.

I is an id ad age, that noth in is more pleasing an delight fulcio very

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a partis, and prirnis namur country the relation ascend even to thegod thenaseives, wh love an revere thei cohantry the a1th and eas,

lament that the are no at homeri migration is a gri ef, as etllas a reproachio ali and we constanti ste, that vera those, lio, in a foreigia countryliave been distingui med by an and fortune, ho have been celebra ed forthei learning or thei valour, ali asten ac to thei orun the wisi toste their appines to non se much a to thei fellow-citigens, and the

fa et greater

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oreater honour the receive, the more illinxare the t rcturn illi themto thei native country. The ouia are naturali fond of and when theyarrive at ri per earς, and have more sense and wisdom, the beeonae still

country the natives, and the alone an conVince Us for stranger are con

sidere liut a bastariis ho ander bout satisfied illi the necessaries orconvenien cies of life WhereVer the can meet illi them indulging like brutes, in sensual gratifications, without ei the love so thei country, oranowlege of it: hil si hos Iulio conside it a thei mollier, love the place of thei nativi ty be it ver so mali, arren, o desolate; and though theycannot commend iis sertili ty, stili prais an valuerit a thei country : henthe se other boasting thei extensive plains, an fertile me adows, et ill

De me. LGr. τον νι et τροφον ὐπερορωντες, κουροτροφον παινουσι despecta equorum altrice aerra, Liudant suae nutriculain pueritiae. here is a quaint antithesis, e ma observe here bothae tween the ver and the participie, and the No epitheis, , πο οφες, O horse-breeding, is op-