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In 167ue King Charies is haed a proclamationto mut up the Cossee-hous es, but in a sew dayssuspended the proclamation by a second. Theywere charged with being seminaries of sedition '. The
This proclamation was istaed about a monti, after thehing had dined with the corporation of London, at Guildhall, on their Lord Mayor's Day, Oct. 29, 167s. At this feast theliing a sorded the citiaens abundant matter for animadversion, in is hicli they indulged themselves se much to his dissatissae tion, and that of his c. 121 L mini try, that a proriamation
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The first European author who has made any mention os Cossee is Rau Wolfus, who was in the Levant in 157 3 ; but the fit st who has particu
larly described it is Prosper Alpinus, in his History of the Egypti an Planis, publimed at
Venice in Is9I, whose description we have in Pari insen's Theatre os Planis, p. 1622, Chap. 79. as sol lows: Arbor Bon, cum fructu suo buna, the Turti's
berry drinli. Alpinus, in his book of Egypti an
Planis, giVes has the description of this tree, whichwas i siued Dec. eto, for mitting up and suppressing ali Cossee-houses, because in such houses, and by occasion of the meeting of disaffected persons in them, divers false, malicio us, and scandalous reporis ivere devised and read abroad, to the defamation of his majesty's govern ment, O and to the disturbance of the quiet and peace of the real m. 'The opinions of the judges were talien on this great potnt of stopping people's longues ; when they sagely resolved, ' Thato retalling of Cos e and Tea might be an innocent trade ; but as it was used to nourish sedition, spread lies, and scandalize great men, it might also he a common nul- sance. On a petition of the merclianis and retallers of Cossee and Tea, permisson was granted to keep open the Coisee-houses untii the et th of June solio in g, under an admonition, that the mallers of them stould prevent ali scandalous papers, books, and libela, Dom being read in them, and hinder every person from declaring, ultering, or divulgingali manner of false and scandalous reporis against govern ment, or the ministers thereos. Thus by a resin ement of poticy, add, Noortho uch in his History of London, the simple manufacturer of a dissi os Coisee or Tea was constitu ted licenser of books, corrector os manners, and arbiter of the truth or false-hood of political intelligence over every company he entertained i And here the matter en ded. Editor.
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he says he faw in the garden os a captain of the janisi aries, Which was brought out of Arabia
Felix, and there planted, as a rarity never stengrowing in those places besore. The tree, salth Alpinus, is someWhat like the Euonymus, or Spin die tree, but the leaves of it were thicher, harder, and greener, and alWays abiding on thetree. The fruit is called Buna, and is somewhat bigger than a haZel nut, and longer; round also, and potiated at one en d; furrowed likewise onboth sides, yet on one side more conspicuous thanthe other, that it might be parted into two; ineach sside whereos lieth a smali oblong white hernet, flat ora that fide they join together, co- vered with a yellowish skin, of an acid taste, and mewhat bitter, and contained in a thin s laeti of a dari isti asta colour. With these berries, in Arabia and Egypt, and other paris of the Tui kis1 dominions, they generat ly malae a decoction ordrinli, whicli is in the stead of Wine to them, and commonly sold in their taP-hoUseS Or taVerns, called by the nanae of Caova. Paludamus says CBoava, and RauWolfhis Chail e. This drink has
many good physical properties : it sirengiliens a weali stomach, helping digestion, and the tu motars and obstructions of the liver and spleen, heing drank fasting sor some time together. Itis held in great estimation among the Egyptia nand Arabian women, in common feminine cases,in whicli they find it does them eminent service.
I his description is evidently taken stom a dried beri y, and not fiom tbe ripe fruit.
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The celebrated Johia Ray, in his History of Planis, publii hed in I 69O, si eat ing os ii as adrink very much in Use, says, that this tree Growsonly with in the tropies, and supposses that the Arabs destroy the vegetable quali ty of the se e is, in order to confine among the iselves the greatshare of wealth, whicli is brought thither frona the whole worid for this commodity ; si omwhence he observes, that this part of Arabia
might be truly styled the moit happy, and thatit was almost incredibie how many millions os busti eis v ere exported from thense into Turhy, Barbary, and Europe. He Dys, he was astonis laediliat one particular nation Laould possessi so great κ trea ire, and that wit in the narrow limits of one proVince; and that he wondered the neigh- bouring nations did not contrive to bring awaysome of the sound seeds or living planis, in orderto sinare in the advantages of so lucrative a trade. e noι Come to siueW by what means this valvabie tree Was first introduced into Europe, and from thesace into America .
The sirst account of this tree being brought into Europe me have frona Boerhaave, in his Index of the Leyden Garden, part II. Page 2IT, Whicli is as sollows: Nicholas Witsen, burgo
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master of Amsterdam , and governor of the East India Company, by his letters osten advised and des1red Van Hooria, goVernor of Batavia, to pro cure from Mocha, in Arabia Felix, sonae berries of the Cossee-tree, to be sown at Batavia ; Whichhe having accordingly done, and by that means, about the year I 69O, raised many planis frona see is, he sent one over to Governor Witsen, Who immediately presented it to the garden at Am- sterilam, of which he was the solander and sup porter: it there bore fruit, Whicli in a saori time produced many young planis from the seed s. Boerhaave then concludes, that the merit of in troduc ing this rare tree into Europe is due tothe care and liberali ty of Wiisen alone. In the year III the magis rates os Amst: dam, in order to pay a particular compliment toLewis XIV. Ling of France, presented to himan elegant Plant of illiis rare tree, caret utly and judicio asty packed up to go by Water, and do sen led frona the wea ther by a charious machine coVered with glas S. The plant vias about lives et hi gh, and an incli in diameter in the stem, and was in suli soli age, th both green and ripe
fruit. It was Viewed in the riVer, With great attention and curiosa ty, by severat members of the academy of sciences, and was after ards Conducted to the royal garden at Marty, Under thecare of Monsileur de Iusti eu, the Ling's professor of botany, who had the year besore Written a Memoir, printed in the History of the Academ y of Sciences of Paris in the year i 713, describi sag
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the characters of this genus, together With anelegant figure of it, taken frona a smaller plant, which he had received that year si om Monsileur Pancras, b irgomaster of Anasterdam, and director of the botanical garderi there. In 1 18 the Dutch colony at Surinam begansirit to plant Cossee; and in 172 a Monsleur dela Molle Aigron, governor of Cayenne, haVingbusinesse at Surinam, contrived, by an artifice, tobring away a plant frona theiace, Whicli, in theyear I72s, had produced many thousands. In I727 the French, perceiVing that this acquisition might be of great advantage in theirother Colonies, conveyed to Martinico sonae of the planis ; Dona wheiace it most probably spreadio the neigh bouring istands; sor in the year I 3 ait Was Cultivated in Jamaica, and an adi passedio encourage iis growth in that istand.-Thus was laid the foundation of a most extensive and beneficiat trade to the European setilements in the west Indies.
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situation, on some eminence, or at the s ot of the moUntains, and take great care to conductfrona the mountains litile rilis of water, in sinali gutters or Channeis, to the roots of the trees;
for it is absolutely necessary they should be constantly watered, in order to produce and ripenthe fruit. For that purpose, When they removeor transplant the tree, they malae a tren ch of three feet wide, and sive feet deep, whicli theyline or cover With stones, that the Water marthe more readily siali deep in to the earth withwhicli the trench is filled, in order to preservethe moisture from evaporating. When they ob serve that there is a good deal os fruit upon thetree, and that it is nearly ripe, they turn ois the vater frona the roois, to tessen that succulencyin the fruit Which too much moisture would oc
its branches on every fide to a great distance, and
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and assoriis a very thicli made. Without suci, precaution, they supposse the excessive heat of the sun would parcii and dry the blossonas so, that they would not be succeeded by any fruit.
This circumstance deserves the particular attention of the west India planter, who, I am told, is accustomed to gather his Cos e as soon as it turns red, besore it changes to adarla red colour, and begins to stirivet; whereas the Arabians
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The manner of preparing and drinling CNee among the Arabians, from the fame author. The Arabians, when they take their Come offthe fire, immediately wrap the vetat in a wet Cloth, whicli fines the liquor instantly, mal esit cream at top, and occasions a more pungent
in the manner of other Corie : the colour of
this liquor has some resemblance to the best Eng-ὲ isti beer. The husscs must be kept in a very dry place, and packed up Very clost; sor theleast: humidity spolis the flavour. They esteem