The Latin grammar of pharmacy for the use of medical and pharmaceutical students, including the reading of Latin prescriptions, Latin-English and English-Latin reference vocabularies and prosody

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ΙRREGULAR VERB, EO. 79 IMPERATIVE MO OD.

Irem, ires, iret ; iremus, ireus, irent.

Iverim or ierim.

S me. Ivisse or IisSe, Iens, euntis Itumor isse

Eundi NEUTER PASSIVE VERBS Senii deponent Form their persect tenses like passives ; as- Aude6, ausus Sum, audere, to dare. Fid6, fistis sum, sidere 3), to frust. Gaudeo, gaVisus Sum, gaudere, to TVoice. 86lε6, solstus sum, solere, to be accuSDIue L. Caeno, I sus, maheS Caenavi, and Caenalti S Sum, Crenarg. Prandeo, I dme, mahes Prandi, and Pransus sum, prander

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IM PERSONAL VERBS

Are used only in the third person singular. Amongst them arcthe illo Uing : Decet, decuit, decere, it is Se θ, becomes. Dedecet, dedecuit, dedecere, ilis Seemst, unbecomisg. Libet, libuit and libitum est, i Ibere, is fleases. Licet, licuit and licitum est, licere, is is laetosui, is is alloeto d. Liquet, liquere, it is Hear.

mIserere, is excites si T. Oportet, Oportuit, oportere, it behoves ς 'ne) oughi. Psget, pIguit, and PIstum est, PIgere, is p es. Placet, placuli or placitum eSt, Placere, it fleases. Poenitet, poelestuIt, Poenitere, is cauus Sorrom, VHreuti. Pudet, puduit or Puditum est, pudere, is Shames. Taedet pertaesum est), taedere. it disgusu, Nearies.

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The present of the conjunctive is used for the imperative;aS, poeniteat te, let is repens Mee. These verbS govern the subject in the accusative Case,

excepi libet, licet, isquet, and placet, Which goveria the dative; as, mihi libet, it fleares me I mihi licet, is is Lamfulsor me, I am

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82 ADVERBS. For Table os Verbs ShoWing present, perfeci, supine, and infinitive, consuli a large r Worh. Particles are the undeclined paris os spe ech, Mur in number. They are Adverbs, Prepositioris, Conjunctions, and Interjeo

Semel, ouce ς bIs, mice o ter, thrice; quater, limes ς quinquies, etc., sive times.

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PARTICLES.

Erga1 Extra, Insta, I nter, Intra,

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Propter, on account of Verssis,

Secundum,

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S HORT EXPLANATORY RULES OF SYNTAX:

THE PRO PER USE OF WORDS IN SENTENCES.

In Latin there are Mur Concords, by whicli is meant the

Pronouia, and 43 a Noun, agree. I. The Verb agrees With iis nominative case in NUMBER and PERSON ; as, Puer legit, Me bo reari I Pueri legunt, Melus reai Here, the nominative puer is of the singular numberand in the third person ; hence the verb INI is of the singularnumber and in the third person. The nominative syBu is of the plures number and in the third person; consequently legunt is in the third person plural likewise. II. The Adjective agrees With iis noun in gender, number, and case; as, S. P. Q. R, Senatus populusque Romanus, Me Roman senale anae seople; cochleare parvum a Dassoonful), cochlearIa parva Dassoonfuls). Participies and pronouias used as adjectives solio v the Same rute; as, Pulvss sumendus Mesowder D be talen) hac nocte this nigra , abi.). III. The Relative agrees With iis antecedent in gender,

number, and person not in case; as, Fiant Pitulae xii., quarum sumat unam, gnate fete De silis, of wriira fati one. Quarum is the relative, and agrees With iis antecedent, pitulae, in gender, number, and person, but not in case. When no nominative Comes betNeen the relative and the erb, the relative is the nominative; as, Multa sunt quae

But When a nominative comes bet Neen the relative and the verbi ille relative is govein ed by some Word in iis Oavia clause,

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TWo or more Substantives Singular, sorming a Composite Subjeci, generalty have a plural Verb, adjective, or relative; as, Repetantur mistura et lotio. IV. The Noun agrees in case With the word to whicli it is apposite. That is, When two nouns reser to the fame personor thing, they are put in the fame case by apposition; as, MedIcamenta exhIbens, vulgo venena dicta, Homing the remo dies commonb calle foseonS.

NOMINATIvR or naming) CASE denotes the subjeci; as, Piter aquam bybIt, Me by drin s mafer. The verbs Sum, ito, PIdeor, and passive Verbs of mahing, calling, and thinhing, have uSualty the fame case aster themas bes ore them. Particular attention is directed to this rule in connection With the verbs sum and fio; as, VIa est longa, Me is long. Iter est longum, Me journo mi I be long. ΡIlulae sint rotundae, tu the filis be rounae Fiat haustus. Male a iuraugni. Fiant pstulae Sex. Male siX pilis. Misce fuit pulvIs. Mix and male a pom fer.

Truo notans Coming together and expressing tiae Same personor thing are piat in the Same Case. When t vo nominatives thus come together, this is called the nominative absolute ; as, Caesar Imperator. VOCATIVE CASE.-Exclamation, si ona voco, i calL Sigia in

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MEAN IN G OF THE CASES.

ACCUSATIVE CASE.-The objeci; as, haustum bibo, I hin He draught. Haustum is in the accusative case. TranSitiveor acti pe Verbs govern the accusative; as, Capiat partem

quartam, tu rim tale a Durra sart. Sumat pIlulas duas, lu

plastrum polisces sex longum, pollices tres latum, let a plaste= be nrade, sis inues lo=g and Umee byda Duration os time is put in the accusative. 6. Quartam horae partem infusa, Diffuse fo/ a quarur a furta fart) of an nour. Guyd or ut being omitted, an accusative is placeo besore the infinitive. H. Scimus vitam esse brevem, etoe knom Mar

potassae, Vinum ferri. Verbs whicli signisy to remember, tos Net, or to pity, goVern the genitive. The adjective expers, faee fom, Constantly goverias the genitive : Ut coloris expers, tu is be devolae os colour; RHIcIantur

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ABLAT IvE CASE means Chiefly :-1. The instrument by Whicli a thing is done. 6. Calore spissatus, Michenia b heat. 2. Where' a thing is done ; xvith or Without a preposition. . Paratur destillatsbiae in Japonia et China, it is prepare b dis V asion in asan and China. Tabernae tota urbe Claudunttir, the Mops are closed in the whiae cis '. 3. hen V a thing is done. H. Hieme vel aestate, in

As a generat rute, the cause, mauuer, and ius / unicut are pulin the ablative.