The philosophy of Spinoza as contained in the first, second, and fifth parts of the "Ethics" and in extracts from the third and fourth

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Ascit is the purpose of this litile volume to se forththe philosophica system o Spinoga in the philosopher's Wn Words, an no meret to repare a book of disconnected extracis from his ritings, I have sol-loue a plan hic may seem omeWhat unusual in

Work of this hind. The philosoph of Spinoeta is contained in iis finalform in the Ethics.' By translatinii fuit theraret, second, and fifth paris of the Ethics,V giving the

author' prefaces o, an summaries of the thir and fourthiaris, an supplyin in foot-notes passages in the omitte portion to hic referenc is made, I have found it possibi to give a jus idea of the doctrine containe in the 'AEthics, ,hil reducing the Wor by bout one-half, and ringincit ithin thelimiis demande by this Series That it is no easylo cut into a Wor constructe ascis this ne anyonema readit satisf himself by examination. I thinh, hoWever, I have omitte nothin essentia tora comprehensionis Spinoga' metaphysical system, and have preserve intac his chain os argument. Lach of space has made an extende criticismis his reasoning out of the question very brief examinationis some os the cardina potnis in his system Ihave thought it destrabieno inseri in the formis notes. These are referre tot number in the texi and Willhe found in the bach of the book.

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In mahing the translation I have used the excellent Latin textis Van loten an Land whic appear tobe remarhabi free rom error os an sori, an have endeavore firs of ali tote exact an to avolo paraphrases This has somelimes resulted in a sacrifice of grace, but it is, of course, orth the sacrifice. take this opportunit os thankin m colleaguean forme pupit, Dr. m. Romain Newbolo, sor anumber of suggestion Whic have materialty improveam translation.

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CONTENTS.

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IT Would noti profitable to attempt, in a Work of this fori, anything the a complet bibliograph of Spinoetistic iterature Such a bibliograph wouldae

ver extensive, and of litile valueri mos of thos Whowil use this book Pshall, consequently meret indi- Cate, for the sahe of the fewWho ma Wis such information, here it a b looked for, and shal then Confine myset to mentioning a limite number of

book readii obtainable whic the student illinctos service in gaining a goodanowledge of the lis and philosophy of SpinoZa. In 87 Dr. A. an de L1nde published a The Hague a fuli and excellent catalogue of the Spinoetistic literature, unde the titie lenedictus Spinoga Bibliografie. V his bring the bibliograph down to 187I. The introductor chapter to Si Frederich olloch 's volume o Spinoga to e mentione lateri supplement this, an bring us to 88o. What has appeare since, hos intereste in the subject Will notfinxit dissiculi to traCe. Theclas editio of the complete ork of Spinoaa, an one hic shouldiei the hel of every carefulstudent of his philosophy, is that of Van loten and Lans a vols. The Hague 188a-83). It is attractive in typography, and ver ire from error o any Ort. This edition has been sed in the translationis these

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There is no complet Englis translatio of the work of Spinoeta. A translationis his mos important orks by R. Η Μ ΕlWes, appeare in 1883-84 a vols. London, Bolin's hilos Lib.). his containsthe Theologico-Ρolitica Treatise, the olitica Treat- ise, the nfinishe wor o the Improvement of the Understanding the thios, an an abridgment of Spinoga's Corresponden ce. The translatio of the Ethic Ι have compare preti carefult wit theoriginal, an have found it areful, generali quite close, an gracefui. The translator has used Bruder'stext 1843), Whicli is noW supersede by the ex of Van loten an Land With twes' rendering offome passages I do no agree, ascis, of course, to beexpected butes can heartii recommen his translation, and the student ould do elicio secure these Volumes There are severat ther translations of the

White London, I 89o3. his seem to e CCurate, but is notos readable a the translatio just mentioned. nother translation, hichris, however, quite

inferior to thos by twes and White, as made byPros Henr Smith of Lane Theologica Seminary Cincinnati, I 886). It is precede by a tengthy criticismis Spinogism, an especiali of iis significancerior

theology. An nonymous translation. Whicli appeared

before any of these New ork, 1876) is no reliable. The expositor an critica volumes o Spinoet by

comprehensioni his system. The are Written rom different potnisi view, and wil serve to supplementeacti ther. olloc lays specia stres o the scientific fide of Spinoga' thought, an emphasiges the harmon o some of his doctrines illi the concep-

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tions of modern science. is book is ut o valu- able information communicate in a very Clear and straightforWard Way. is admiration for the philosopher, hoWeVer mahes him, in myJudgment, a litile blindio his errors in reasoning an incline to asscitotly ove that aspectis his philosophy hic findscit explanation in his Jewish birili an training. r. Martinea gives more attention to Spinoga' metaphysica, an his criticism Willae found acute an suggestive. Dr Cair Writes rom hat ne a cal the Neo-Ηegelian Oint of vieW, an is mos in sympath With What olloc is incline to explain Way. Done is

unablerio procure at three of these books, an has tochoos a singleine, he would belle tahe theirst mentioned. For mos o our informatio concerning the life of

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gues JeWs ho ad ahen refuge in the Netherianos from the cruei persecutions directe against their acein the eninsula. is early education, hic Wasentiret IeWish, as probabi larget confine to the stud of themebre language and literature, in Which, at the age of fifteen, he was regarde a a Ver Promising scholar Latini learned rom the free-thinhingphysicia Francis an de Ende from hom also hema have otten his nowledge os German, his initiatio into the sciences, an an introduction to the woas o Giordano Brun and escartes. e Wasacquainted Wit Spanis andioriuguese, a these lan- mages ere spolien in the Jewis colon to hicli hebelonged, and ne of them Was his mother longue. Italia he earned probably, rom his leacher, the Rabbi Morteira, ho was a Venetian. Dutch e neve use Wit fluency although e spent his life in Hollano. His studies and the reflections o Whicli the gaveris produce in him a gradua separation rom thelaith of his athers. In I 656 it Was deeme necessaryby the rulers of the synagogue at Amsterdam to ahesteps to remove the scanda occasione by his heretical opinion an his lax observance of the ceremonialia . e Was offere an annuit of oo florins oncondition o an mutWard conformity his eing

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only in pie in his coat. Afierethi eventie removedfrom Amsterdam to thelous os a friend-himself aheretic, ache belonged to the sectis the Collegiant tW or three miles rom the ity, o the uWerkerhroad On the arth o July, 656, he was formallyeXCommunicated an cutis from his eople. his a the occasionis his substitutin for his Hebre. nam Baruch, iis Latin equivalent Benedict. Spinoeta ad earne the artis mahin lenses foroptical instruments andine noW supporte himself byit. Η acquire a reputatio as an optician, and Wasconsulted in this capacit by Leibnita an Huygens. About the beginning of the ear 166 he move With his Collegiant frien to Rijnsburg, ea Leyden. Three ear later e move again to oorburg, suburbis Themague, here e spent i years Inr6ro h tookipiis residence in Themague, and there live unti his death, hicli occurre o February

Spinor live much alone in pari, probably fromchoice, but also in part rom necessity. is Separation rom his inore Was complete after his excommunication On the deat of his father, his two sistersmade an efforto deprive imo his hare of the inheritance, o the round that he was a hereti and cut o from Israel. An appea to the civiliso erestablished his right, ut e fierWard voluntarilyresigne to his sister at that camerio him exceptinebed. si neverrioine an Christia seci, his companionshi Wit Christians a necessarii notis the