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hisa. Plato enjoins Dionys S OVer and over, With great earn est nesse notio suster, what he communicates concerning the mysteries of the divine nature, to fati into illiterate or vulgar hands, giving it withal as a rea sonsor this caution, that nothingi ould stem more ridiculo us or absurdo tothe common run of manliind. He adds, that in regard writings might miscarry, the prudent way was to write nothing at ali on those matters, but to leach and learn them by word of mouth: for whicli re ason, salthhe, I have ne ver wrote any thing thereon ; nor is there, nor mali there ever be any thing of Plato's, extant on that subject. He farther adds,as for what hath been now se id, it belongs ali to Socrates.
366. And, indeed, what this philosopher in his Phaedrus spe aheth of the supercelestiat region, and the divini ty resident therein, is os a stra innot to he relimed or comprehended by vulgar minds; to wit, essen cereatly existent, object of intellect alone, without colour, Without figure, without any tangibie quali ty. He might very justly conceive that fuch a description must stem ridiculous to sensual men. 367. As sor the persect intuition os divine things, that he supposethio be the tot of pure fouis, belloiding by a pure light, initialed, happy,sree and unstat ned Dom those bodies, Wherein we are now imprison edilhe oysters. But in this mortat state, we must be satisfied to malle thebest of those simpses ' with in Our reach. It is Plato's rema rh in his Theauetus, that while we sit still we are ne ver the wiser, but goinginto the river and moving up and down, is the way to discover iis depilis and shallows. I f we exercise and bestir ourseives, we may even here discover semething. 368. The eye by long use comes to ste even in the darkest cavern : and there is no subject so obscure, but we may discern se me glimpse of
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Siris. truth by long poring on it. Truth is the cry of ali, but the game of aseis. Certainly where it is the clites passion, it doth not give way to vulgar cares and vie s ; nor is it contented with a litile ardour in theearly time of liis, active, perhaps, to puriue, but not so fit to weighand revise. He that would malae a real progress in Enowledge, must dedicate his age as weli as youth, the later growth as weli as sirst fruits, at the altar of Truth.
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AND The METuons sor Preparing and Using it.
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I. ALI MON G the great numbers, who drinli tar water in Dublin, your
letter informs me, there are some, that mahe or u se it in an undue man-ner. To obviate those inconveniencies, and render this water as gene
as stomaclis and constitutions are various, it may admit of me latitude. Less water or more stir ring mahes it stronger, as more water or lese stimring mahes it weaher. It is to he noted, that is severat gallons are madeat once in the same vcsset, you must add sive or si x minutes stirringsor every gallon. Thus two gallons of water, and two quaris of tar require ten or twelve minutes stirring.
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other common uses: the pulting off tar that hath been used, sor Demtar, would be a bad fraud. Τo prevent whicli it is to be noted, thattar atready used is os a lighter brown than other tar. The only tar that I have used is that from our northern colonies in America, and that Dom , , the latior heing thinner, mixelli easier With water, and seemsto have more spirit. Is the sermer be made use of as I have linown itwith good success) the tar water Will require longer stirring to mahe it. q. Τar water When right, is not paler than Frenes nor deeper coloured than Spani white wine, and lati as clear ; is there be not a spirit very sensi bly perceived in drinking, you may conclude the tar Water is notgood, is you would have it good, see it made yourself Those whobegin with it, litile and weali, may by habit come to drinli more and stronger. According to the season, or the humour of the patient, it mayhe drank ei ther cold or warm ; in colics, I take it to be best warm. lfit disgusts a patient warm, let him try it cold, and vice versa. I f at firstit create in seme squeam isti persons a litile sichnesi at stomach, or nausea ling, it may be reduced both in quality and quantity. In generat,
Mali inconveniencios are ei ther removed, or borne With smali trouble, itlays under no restraint as to air, exercise, clothes, or diei, and may betaken at ali times in the year.
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eight glasses, as best sutis the circumstances and case of the drin her. Ali , of this clasi must have much patience and perseverance in the use of this,as weli as of ali other medicines, whicli, is fure and sase, must yet, Domthe nature of things, be sow in the cure of invetera te chronical di sorders. In acute cases, se vers of ali hinds, it must be drank in bed warm, and in great quantity, the se ver stili enabling the patient to drinli, perhaps apint every hour, whicli I have linown to work surprising cures. But it Works so quich, and gives such spiriis, that the patienis osten thinii them-selves cured besere the se ver halli qui te lest them. Such there re stiould not be impatient to rise, or apply themselves too seon to business, or their usual diei.
6. To seme, peliaps, it may stem, that a flow alterative in chronicalcases cannot be depended on in severs and acute distem pers, whicli demand immediate relies But I assirin that this se me medicine, whicli is a flow alterative in chronical cases, Ι have found to be also a most immediate remedy, when copiousty taken, in acute and inflammatory cases. It might indoed he thought ram to have tried it in the most threaten ingsevers and pleurisies Without bieedin g, whicli in the common praetice would have been held necessary. But for this I can say, that I had patients who would not he bled, and this obliged me to malae trials of tarwater without bieeding, whicli trials I never linew unsuccesssul. The fame tar water I seund a slow alterative, and a sudden febrifuge. Is thereader is surprised, Ι own myself to be so too. But truth is truth, and Dom Whate ver hand it comes mould be candidly received. Ii physicians thinh they have a right to treat os religious matters, I thinli I have an equat right to treat of medicine. 7. Authori ty I have no pretence to. But reason is the common birth- right of all. My reasons I have gi ven in Siris. My motives every one
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time need not be more than one ho ur, sor common stomaclis, when the
sores. In the varicty of cases and constitutions, it is not amisi that therest ould he disserent manners of preparing and taking tar water. Trialwill direct to the best: whether there he any dissere nee he tween old taror ne tar, or hicli of ali the various tars, produced from disserent trees, or in different paris of the worid, is most medicinal, future trialimust determine.
9. I have made a second sori of tar water, to be used externalty, as amam or lotion for the itch, scabs, ulcers, evit, leprosy, and ali such Dulcases, whicli I have tried Mith very good success, and recommend it tothe triat os others. For invetera te cases of that hind, tar water stouldhe drank, a quari e very twenty- ur lio urs, at Dur, si x or eight glasses: and after this liath been done at least for a forinight, the lotion is to heapplied out Kard ly, and warm, by bathing, semen ting and Reeping, and this severat times in the twenty- ur lio urs, to heal and dry up the fores, the drini ing being stili continued. This water, for e X ternal use, is madein the solio ing manner: pour tWo quaris of hot botling water on aquart
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Io. From what I have observed of the lotion, I am inclined to thini , it may be worth while in obstinate culaneous alimenis, leprosy and wealinest os limbs, to try a bath of tar water; alio ing a gallon os tar toe very ten gallons os bolling hot water; stirring the ingredients a fuit halfhour, suffering the vesset to stand eight or ten hours, b ore the water ispoured off; and using the bath a litile more than milh warm. This experiment may be made in different proportions of tar and water. In Dublin many cases occur sor triai, whicli are not to be met with here in
II. My experiments have been made in various cases, and on many persons; and I mahe no doubt iis virtu es will soon be more fully disco-Vered, aS tar Rrater is now gro ing into generat use, though not without that opposition whicli usualty attends upon novelly. The great objectionI find made to this medicine is, that it promises too much. What, Dythe objectors, do you pretend to a panacea, a thing strange, chimerical, and contrary to the opinion and experience of ali manlii rad y Nois tost eali out, and give this objection or question a plain and direct an Mer, I Deely own that I suspect tar water is a panacea. Ι may be mistahen, hut it is worth triat: sor the chance of so great and generat a benesit, I am willing to stand the ridicule os proposing it. And as the old philosopher cried aloud, Dom the liouse-tops, to his sellow citi gens, educate 3οur chil en; so, I consess, is I had a sit uation high enough, and a voice Ioud en gh, Ι would cry out, to ali the valetudinarians UpΘn C rth,
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that by a panacea is not meant a medicine Whicli cures ali individuals, this consi sis not milli mortality) but a medicine that cures or relieves ali the disserent species of distem pers. And is God hath gi ven us so greata blesling, and made a medicine so cheap and plenty as tar, to he withali Q universat in iis effects, to ease the miseries of human lise, malimen be ridiculed or bantered out of iis ust, especialty When they run norisque in the triat. For I can truly amrm, that I ne ver lineis any harmat tend it more than semetimes a litile nausea, whicli is the liquor heweli cleared, skimmed, and botiled, need not, I thinh, be apprehended.
13. It must he owned I have not had opportunities of trying it my-self in ali cases, net ther will Ι underlahe to demonstrate a priori, that tarWater is a panacea. But yet methinlis I am not quite destitute os probable reasons, whicli, joined to what sacts I have observed, induced me toentertain such a suspicion. I . I linew tar was used to preserve catile stom contagion; and this may be supposed to have gi ven rise to that practice of drinhing tar water for a preservative against the small-pox. But as the tar water used for that purpose was made by mixing equat quantities of tar and water, it proved a most offensive potion, hesides, as a stem glast of water was put in for each glast that was talien out, and this sor many days on thesa me tar, it follows that the water Was not equalty impregnated withthe fine volatile spirit, though ali alike strongly saturaled with gross
13. Having und this nauseous draught very usesul against the