The works of George Berkeley, D.D. late Bishop of Cloyne in Ireland. To which is added, an account of his life [by J. Stock] and several of his letters to Thomas Prior, Esq., Dean Gervais, and Mr. Pope, etc

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Dom the trunks of aged evergreens ; that it resisls putrefaction ; thatit halli the viriues of turpentine, whicli in medicine are known to bevery great and mani sold; but I observed withai, that turpentines or balsama a re very ostensive in the taking: I there re considered distinctly the

severat constituent paris of balsams; which were those, Wherein the medicinal virtves resided, and which were to be regarded, rather as a viscous matrix to receive, arrest, and retain the more volatile and active particles ;

paris, as to impregnate a Clear and potable liquor, I concluded that such liquor must prove a medicine of great force, and generat use. I considered, that nature was the best chymisi and preparer of medicines, and that the fragrance and flavour os tar argued very active qualities and virtues. 16. I had, of a long time, entertained an opinion, agreeable to the sen- timents of many ancient philosophers, that sire madi be regarid as the an mal spiris of this Cisibis coorid. And it see med to me that the attractingand secreting of this sire in the various pores, iubes, and ducts of vegetabies, did impari their specific virtves to each hin d; that this semelight, or fire, was the immediate instrumental or physical cause of senseand motion, and consequently of life and health to animais ; that on account of this solar light or sire, Phoebus was in the ancient mythology reputed the god os medicine. Whicli light as it is leti rely introduced, and fixed in the viscid juice of old firs and pines, sothesiet ting it Dee in pari,

that is, the changing iis viscid sor a volatile vehicle, which may mix withwater, and convey it throughout the habit copio ussy and in ostensively, would he of infinite use in physic, extending to ali cases what ever, in-asmuch as ali distem pers a re in essect a struggle, bet ween the vis vitis and the peculiar mi asina or semes morbi; and nothing strengiliens nature,

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1 . The solar light in great quantity during the space of many successive years, being attracted and detained in the juice of ancient ever-greens, dotii form and lod ge it self in an Oil se fine and volatile, as mallinig welt with water, and lightly pasi the primae Uine, and penetrate every pari and capillary of the organical system, when orace exempt and Deed

Dona the groster nauseous resin. It will not, there re, stem un rea nable, to whoe ver is acquainted with the medicinal virtu es of turpentine

in Q many different distem pers, for whicli it liath been celebrated both by ancient and modern physicians, and withat reflects on the nausea orclog that prevenis their fuit operation and effect on the humani body , itwill not, I say, stem un rea nable to such a one to suppose, that is thissa me clog was removed, numberlest cures might be Wrought in a great varie ty of cases. 78. The des feratum mas, how to separate the active particles stoin theheavy viscid substance whicli served to attradi and retain them, and so toorder matters, that the vehicle of the spirit should not on the one handbe volatile enough to escape, nor on the other, grosi enough to offend.

For the persor ming of this, I have so und a most east, simple, and effectuat method, whicli furni eth a potabie inoffensive liquor, Clear and fine as the best white wine, cordial and stomachic, to be kept botiled, asbeing endued with a very sensitae spirit, though not ferment ed. I9. I tried many experiments as to the quantity os mater, and theti me of stirring and standing, in order to impregnate and clarist it, and , after ali, fixed on the fore mentioned reccipi, as the mosi generat ly usefulsor mali ing this salutiferous liquor woli impregna ted, and not offensi veto common stomaclis, and even drank with plea re by many : in Whichthe most medicinal and active particles, that is, the native salis and volatile oti of the ballam, heing dissent an gled and separated from iis grossoil and viscous resin do, combined together, form a fine, balsamic and Vegetable

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vegetabie soap, whicli not only can pasi the stomach and prima viae butalso insinuate itself in to the minutest capillaries, and Beely pervade thewhole animal system; and that, in lach fuit proportion and measure, assuitelli every case and constitution. zo. The foregoing generat considerations put me upon mal ing experiments in many various and unlike cases, which other ise I mould neve thave thought of doing, and the success ans ered my hopes. Philosophical principies led me to mahe sese triais, and on those trials is foundedmy opinion of the salutary virtu es of tar water; Whicli viriues are re commended stom, and depend on experiments and matters of fact, and

netther fland nor fall with any theories or speculative principies Whatever. Howbeii, those theories, as I said, enlarged my vie s of this medicine, Ied me to a greater variety os triais, and thereby engendered and nourish-ed my suspicion, that it is a panacea. I have been the more prolix in these particulars, hoping that, to as many as mali candidly weigh and consider them, the high opinion I conceive of this medicine will not stem altogether an effect of vain prepossession or blind empiric ramness, butrather the result of hee thought and inquiry, and grounded on my bestreason, judgment, and experience. Mucii complaint is indeed made Athe iniqui ty of the times. However, it is hoped they will not condemnone man'S tar water sor another's pili or drop, any more than they Would hang one man sor another's having stole a horse 2 I. Those who have only tho good of manliind at heari, will gire this medicine fair play; is there bo any who act Dom other motives, thepublic will look sharp and beware. To do justice to tar Water, as wellas to those is ho drink it, regard must be had to the particular strengthand case of the patients. Grievous or inveterate maladies must not betrealed as common Cases. I cured a horribie case, a gangrene in theblood, which had brohe out in severat fores, and threatened speedy

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weelis, as much and as osten as his stomact would bear. Common sensewill directa proportionabie conduct in other cases. But this must be testio the conscience and discretion of the givers and takers.

22. Aster ali that cata be se id, it is most certain, that a panacea seundso id, and conveys me hat mocking to the ear and sense of most men, who are wont to rank the universat medicine with the philosophers sione, and the squaring of the circle; Whereos the clites, is not sole reason, 1 take to be, that it is thought incredibie, the same thing mould produce contrary effects, as it must do is it cures opposii te distem pers. And yetthis is no more than every day's experience veri fies. Milli, for instanee, malies se me costive and others laxative : this regards the possibili ty of apanacea in general; as for tar Water in particular, I do not sty it is a

ders of the lungs, stomach, and bo eis, in rheumatio, gouty and nephri-tic alimenis, megrinas, inveterate head actis, Pleurisies, peripneumontes, erysipelas, small-pox and ali hinds of severs, colics, hysteric andali nervous cases, dropsies, decays, and other maladies. Note, that soragues it should he drank warm, and osten, in sinati glasses, both in andout of the fit, and continued sor severat days to prevent a relapse. Noris it os use only in the cure of sichness, it is also usesul to preserve health, and guard against infection, and in some mensure even against old age, as it gives lassing spiriis, and in vigorates the blood. I am even induced by the nature and analogy of things, and iis Wonderfui succese in

se vers

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the many experiments that are datly made of the viriues of tar ater, furnim new discoveries and reflections, seme of these Ι havethrown together, and offer to the public in hopes they may prove usefui. It is a frequent complaint, that tar water is made of bad tar, heing ofa reddissi colour, sweetim, or dissigreeably insipid. But though the dregs of tar are osten Qui, and malae Qui tar water, and though tar atready used is osten made use of by unsair dealers a second, is not a third time, Whicli produceth a vile potion, void of the genuine flavour and virtve of tar water. Yet I apprehend these desedis may somelimes be ascribed, rather to the vesiet wherein the tar water is made, than to the tar itselfTar water being made in an earthen vesiel ungiaged, or that hath lost Pari os iis saeting, may extract fas it is a strong menstruum from theclay, a sede Meetis iness, offensive to the palate. It mould stem thereia fore that the best way of mahing tar water is in a stone jug, or earthenuesset throughout weli glaged, and, as it will not fati to extract a tincture Dom any metallic vesset, it should be warmed in a weli glaged piphin,

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Farrher Thoughis, M. By increa sing the proportion os tar to the water, and by stirring it

longer, tar water may be made strong enough sor a spoonsul to impregnate a large glast, a thing very useful On a road. Those who in chronical di sorders, or as a preservative, have sor a longtime dransi tar water, must in acute cases drink the more. Tar water must be drank warm in agues, small-pox, measses, and fe-vers, in colics and di sorders of the bo eis, in gout also, and rheumatism, in most other alimenis, cold or Warm, at the choice of the patient. In severs the patient cannot begin too ston, or drinh too much. hundoubted experience it is found to cool the hol, and warm the cold, and

to be a most successisl medicine in severs, notwithstanding iis great vir- tue in palsies and dropsies. When not long since an inflammation attached the throat, breast, and lungs of children, and hecame generat in my neighbourhood, numberswere recovered by the use of tar Water, nor did I hear that any miscarried who used it, though many peristaed who did not. Nor is it a medicine less proper and ossicacious in old age. At thesanie time that this inflammatory distemper raged among the children, a woman in her si xty-eighth year, Dom violent cold was stiged at oncewith ague, colic, and jaundice, os ali whicli maladies me was cured in asorinight, by drinhing three pinis of warm tar Water every day. Num