장음표시 사용
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in 1695. I. observationes Anatomicae ex cadaveribus eorum quOS SHStulit apo - ΡleXia, cum exercitatione de ejus loco adfecto, V 8vO., Schasshausen, I 658, 1675
II. Historia Anatomica de puella sine Cerebro nata, V 8vo ., Schasshausen, 1665 ;and in Eph. Νat. Cur. , ' dec. i. , an. 3. , Obs. 129; reprinted also in Μanget's Theatrum Anatomicum. V According to Halter, Wepfer stands in the sirst rankus an enquirer in the whole circle of the medicat sciences. And Eloy says, thathe was not of the number of those anatomisis Who have no Other po er thati theireyes; but that he possessed the skill to lathom the causes of things, and to elicit trullis Dom phenomena. WILLIS, THOMAS. Animal Kiny m, Vol. II., p. 607. WΙΝSLΟW, JACaUES BENIGNE. Ibid. , p. 608. WOLFF, WoLF, Or WOLFIUS, CHRISTIAN, a German philosopher, horn at Brestauin Silesia in 1679, died at Halle in Saxony in 1754. I. Philosophia prima, sive Ontologia, methodo scientifica pertractata, qua Omnis cognitionis humanae principia continentur. V Ed. 2, 4to. , Frankfori and Leipsic, 1736. II. Cosmologia generalis, methodo scientifica pertractata, qua ad solidam, inprimis Dei atque naturae, cognitionem via Sternitur, V 4to. , Franklari and Leipsic, 173I, Ed. 2, 1737. III. Psychologia Rationalis ; qua ea, quae de Anima Humana in dubia experientiae
fide innotescunt, per essentiam et naturam animae eXplicantur, V 4to. , Frank rt,
unWearled cure, scrutiny and elaboration, and teaches them metaphysicalty and in the most regular Order, and at the Same time scientificatly and by experiment. Let us see then whether there be consent belWeen us, Or any dissent. In rational
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philosophy Wolss trestis admirably of the mode of philosophieting. The liberty os
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ABSORPTION : see Artem, Secretion, Vein. Ιt is performed by the veins, 184. During the expansion of the litile artery continuous With the litue vein, the outer membrane of the absorbent stamen issuing DOm the Vein, is drawn upon; the Stamenopens iis lips, and dips them in the passiing Stream ; and When again the artery COH-tracis, the stamen compresses iis lips, and draWs iis liquid into the vela, 184, 185. Venous absorption depenus upon the circulation, 185. ABSTRACΤs, the doctrine os does not extend beyond iis own series, in Whichthere are degrees, II., 237. Ac ID : see Sall. When the eight angies of a particle os common sali are brohenofr, they laxm eight pyramids, Whicli are so many particles of pure acid, 53. ΑΟΤΙΟΝ. Animaled beings live by acting, 103. See Venel. In simultaneous things, action is simultaneous ; in successive things, distinci and ordinate, I 22 See Nature. Action and passion, and concert be een the twO, are requisite for theexistence and subsistence Of everything, 152. Actions are actuat representations Ofthe mind, 242. AGGREGAΤΕΗ have no nature of their own, but follow that of their uniis, II., 33, 159. See Unit. AIR is always a mischievous inmate of the bl ood, 52. It is frequently carried into the blood by the chyle, 76. The air exhausis iis poWer and natural force in sus-taining the animal body, II., 36. See Aura, Blood, Ear, Harmonic Varie , Lun98, Modulation, Nose, Salt, Serum. ALTERNΑΤΙΟΝ. Both in generias and particulars, nature is ever busted in alternations, 13. Alternations govern the republic of letters, ibid. ΑΜΒΙΤΙΟΝ. It is common to the human race to wish to mount at once Dom thelowest sphere to the highest, ΙΙ., 202. The ambition of A dam is rooted in his posterily, ibid. See Cau8e. ANALOGY. The higher poWers are related by analogy to the lower, and vice versὰ; henoe we may infer Dom the one to the other, 285, 286. ΑΝΑΤOMIST. The discoveries of the anatomisis cited by the Author Will sor everbe of practical use to posterity, 7. ΑΝCIΕΝΤS : See Timo. The present men may carry the sciences beyond the Pindus of the ancients, 14. The found opinions of the ancients are impugned ut thepresent day, II., 56.
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INDEX OF SUBJECΤS. ΑΝΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ : see Undulation. During formation, the animation os the bratias is coincident With the systole and diastole of the heari, but aster birili, with the respiration os the lungs, 254, 258, 260, 272, 463, 539; II., 67. The animation of thebrain returiis to coinciden e with the motion of the heari, Whenever the lungS ceaselo respire, While the heari continues to beat, 255, 267, 539. It arises primarilysrom the animations of the cortical and cineritious spherules, Or DOm the SOul gOVerning the motions of the spirituous fluid, 258. See Brain, Embryo, Luny8, M0tion, Se, Me inst. Animation is the origin os both local and modificatory motion, 278, 279. All the fluids are excited by it to living motions, and to their analogueS,ViZ., modificatory motions, ibid. In itself it is a locat motion, but reciprocat in the Same place and sphere, 279. It is far more persect in the simpler SubStances, and these do not simply expand, but sold and unsold spirally, 280. See Conatus, Spirat. All the substances of the atmospheric morid and animal kingdom are sormed with a VieW to animation, 281, 285. See My. Μere animation does not constitute animallise, but determinate and distinet animation, 285, 286. See Lime. The nrst animation is the most determinate, 290. The animation of the brain produces the circulation of the spiritu us suid, 463, 537; II., 182. See Musole. It is the universalmotion of the body, 537. It is the proper term for the motion of the medullarysi bres of the brain, while modification is the term for that of the nervOus fibres, II., I 54. The animation of the brain is voluntary, ΙΙ., I75. ΑΝΙΜUS, the, and the blood, innuence each other reciprocatly, 61, 274. Iis cupidities are the appotnted excitants of lila, 176 ; II., 339. When either repressedor indulged unduly, they bec me vices, ibid. The face is osten an index of the animus, 242. Iis assections are the clites causes that vary the equilibrium of pressure exerted by the arteries, 274. See ED, mari, Oman. Iis ideas are materiai, and not unlike the images of the eye, ΙΙ., 26 I. Iis ossice is, to conceive, to imagine, andio destre, ibid. Iis conception is a low or middie kind of intelleci, ΙΙ., 262. See Sen8e. Ιt is distinct Dom the mind, II., 264. See Genesis of Facullies. It is thecentral faculty of brutes, II., 339. See Brute8. ARTERY : See Venel. The arteriat ramifications are a continued heari, I 32, 139,I47, 45 I, 493, 497, 534, 565. The innermost tunic of the artery becomes the Outer-m0St of the vein, 138, 184, 185. Seo Circulation, Undulation. There is a generalequilibrium os pressure in ali the arteries, tending Dom the heari to the arteriai extremities, 145, 269. The blood flows through the arteries in a continuoHS Stream, not at distinet strokes, 146. In the arteries the action is continuous, but in theheari is divided into contiguous intervais, 147, 153. Throughout the arteries there iS a continuous cause of esse is, and effect of causes, 147. The generat pressure tends to kill the arteries ; the wave propelled into them by the heari restores theirlise, 148. See Death. The quantity of blood poured into the arteries is equat tolliat eXpressed froin them by the generat pressure, ibid. The resolution of the bl 00dis essected in the arteries, Ι69, I99. As the blood passes through the arteries, it oliminates impurities in a stupendous series, 173. See Veins. The arteries exhibitactive aversion to those substances that are not fit for the blood, 174. The aversi0nof the arteries and the appetency of the veitis respect not only the quantity of Substances, but also the quali ty, ibid. See Carotid Artem. The innermost membrane of the carotid artery is continued through the cortex cerebri into the medullary fibres, and through them again into the vesseis, 181. See Secretion, Vein. SecretoryStamina depend Dom the litue arteries, 184. When the arteries are dilated, they arealso elongated in both directions , I90, 452 ; II., 183. In detruding the volume Os
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blood, they contraci and almost close against the antecedent volume, ibid. Seu Musole. The strength and lise of the body Ite in the arteries, I91, I93, 337, 425 ;II., 158. So sar as the blood is contained in the arteries, and only a just proportionos it transmitted to the vetas, so far we live, and vice ver84, 191, 337. Every virtve that restrains the arterial blood Dom nying into the Veins, is in abode Os life, ibid. 337. See Courve, Fear. The blood in the arteries formes as it mere One suent fibre, 199. The more generat the artery, the more impure iis biood, ibid. See Angiolou, Circulation of the mari, Coronam Venela, Proper Ves*eis of the mari. The nervous fibre forms the artery by circumvolution, 452, 488. Whereverthe arteries run at right angies Dom the trunk, the continuous fluxion of the blood is retarded, ΙΙ., 69. Where the muscular tunic is, the heari is virtualty present, butthis tunic is manting in the arteries of the brain, II., 70.
ASCΕΝΤ AND DESCΕΝΤ OF FORΜΗ. ΑΗ the forms of the modulations Or Aoundsof the air in the ear are to the forms of the modifications Or images of the ether in the eye, or in the animus, so are the lalter to the formes of the superior modifications in the minii, whicli are termed rationes and intellectual ideas, in So sar as they are
illumina ted by the light of the foui, II., 269-271. And so again are the forins Ofthe mind to similar supreme forms, inexpressibie by WOrds, in the foui, Whicli formSconstitute intuitive ideas of ends, in so far as they are illuminated by the light of the First Cause, ΙΙ., 27 I. ASTROΝΟΜY. The knowledge of primitive nature in her simplicity, perfectionand universality, is identicat with a knowledge of the universe, and constituteS Physical and geometrices astronomy, 282. ATMOS PHERE : See Aura. Α part Of any atmosphere is iis Smallest volume, 5 I, 119. ATTRACTIOΝ. The brains attraci the quantity and quality of blood that theyrequire, 317, 324, 347, 425. Their power in this respect amounts to physical attraction, 328, 425. A similar attraction is exercised by every part of the body, 329,
Out the auras no animal could subsist ei ther in Whole or in pari, 49 ; II., I93. See Air, Ether, Sense. The paris of the auras are most persect sorms, determinedaccording to the gravity and acting sorce of their magnitude ; eXΡ-Sile, compreS-sible, contiguous ; modi fiable ; Hlowing the smallest lOss of impressed forces ; eXactly representing the images Os impressions received in One extreme, at the other ; PreSSingequalty in ali directions according to their force or gravity, DOm the centre to the circumserenues, and vice versu , 50, 68, 284 ; ΙΙ., 17, 215, 302. Αs are the paris of the auras, so are the volumes, 51 ; II., 302. The auras are the realiged forces of nature, 51 ; ΙΙ., 180, 250. See Atmosphere. The auras of the wOrid are Dur, viz., air, ether, and tWO Others stili more simple, 52; II., 6, 250. The aura, properly SO called, is prior to the ether, and the ether to the air, 52 ; II., 250. See Fire. In the higher auras myriads of myriads of moments produce scareely one in the ultimate forms of visibi e nature, I 29; ΙΙ., 302, 351. Their undulations increase inperfection and indefiniteness, 131 ; II., 302. See Mutation, Serie8. The earthcould not exist Without the auras, II., 6. As they descend in Order, they decrense in Simplieity, purity, universality and perfection, ibid. He that doubis their exist-
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INDEX OF SUBJECTS. ence, precludes himself Dom the investigation of ali phenomena, and Dom discovering causes in any causate, ibid.; II., 193, 194. See Harmonio Variely. The firstaura is the vertest form of the forces of the universe, and the qualities of the lower auras can be ascribed to it only by eminence, II., 35, 180, I 8 I, 215. It involves no inertia or materiali ty, ΙΙ., 180, 298, 299, 302. Ad the organs are conformed, in their state, to the modifications of the auras of their oWn degree, II., 193. The microcosm is connected With the macrocosm by the conformation of the fluids to the modifications of the auras, II., 194. By the mediation of the auras We move, but donot live, ΙΙ., I95, 223, 224, 270, 297. See Li . When the states of the auras enter the microcosm, their modifications become Sensations; their nuXion, animation; their essoris, Wili; their motions, action, ibid.; II., 223, 224, 225, 270. The
sun nows into the universe through a gradation Os mediant and determinant auras, II., 229. See Animal Spirit, God. The first aura is the cooperant Or mediant of the principi e of motion in the foui, II., 249. See Bruteg. The nature and qualityof the forins or ideas of any of the degrees, their relations and intercommunion, Cannot be learni beller than Dom the auras, II., 269. See Ideag. The first aura is theatmosphere of the universe, Or is the universe, II., 302. The direction of the firstaura is universat, as that of the universe, II., 331. See Vegetabies. AUΤHOR, the, has thrown in sparin y the resulis Of his Own experience, butdeems it best to make use chieny of the facts supplied by others, 7 ; ΙΙ., 207. Hefound himself paying too much attention to his own, to the neglect of the stertingobservations Of Others, and therelare laid aside his scalpel, 8 ; II., 207. See Plan. He is by no means anxious to disOWn his ignorance, 253. He is resolved to be contrary to no one, but to fix his attention On data and facis, and to follow the cause Supported by experience and reason, 449. He is not sure that he has always solio edthe truth, II., 55. Ηe is resolved, cost What it may, to ascertain What the foui is, 207, 211. There are two classes to Whom his Works may not be acceptable; I. those who will not seek the truth beyond visibie phenomena; to Whom he asseris that the truth is to be fought far beyond the range of the eye : 2. inose Who dromtheir ideas in the occult at the ouiset; to whom he declares that there is no suchthing in nature as an Occult quality, ΙΙ., 210. He does not persuade any one to his opinion; nor undertine his Works for honor or emolument, ibid. It is the end of althis endemors, that truth should hold the supreme place in his mind, II., 243. AVARICE is the root and mother of vices, ΙΙ. , 53. See Correspondence8. Itregards the usefui, not as a means, but as an end, ΙΙ., 3 18. AXILLARY ΜΟΤΙΟΝ. Is a substance twisi and unt ist in a spirat, an milia circumvolution Will follow, 280. See Animation, Motion, Spirat. Αnd in more perfeci Substances, a central gyration, ibid. BILE : see Liver. The bile, though excrementitious, is made use of before it isthrown Out, 3 18. See Meconium, Secretion. The causes of iis discharge are both Externat and internal, 322. BIRΤΗ. The crying and sneeeting of the insani at blath are helps to change thecoincidence Of motions belween the brain and heuri, to a coincidence belWeen thebrain and lungs, ΙΙ., Ι 10. BLOOD. It is the common Duntain and generat principie of the animal klagdom,
I. The doctrine of the bl od, though the first to be propounded, is the last thalcan be completed, I, 2, 3, 4, 168, 196, 426, 574. The fortunes and condition os animal life depend upon the nature, constitution, determination, continuity, and quantity of the blood, I, 47; II., Ib0, I 82. These sive relations, multiplied together,
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furnish the different conditions under whicli the blood may exist, 48. It is the complex of Hl things in the worid, and the storehouse and seminary of ali in thebody, I, 2, 46, 246 ; II., I 50. It imbibes the treasures of the atmosphere, 2, 43, 44. All things in the worid exist for the salie of it, 2, 45. Whatever exisis in the body, preexisis in the blood, 2, 46, 246. It is ali in ali in the body, and contains theground und means of each man's distinctive lila, 2, 48, 49. The science of it involves ali the sciences that deat with the substances of the worid and the forces of nature, 3, 5, 6, 49. See Animal Spirit. The red blood is divisibie into a purer and pellucidblood, and this, into a most attenuate fluid, 37, 6 I, 62, 167, 290; II., I 42, I 43, 50, 213. Whateuer it possesses, it contains Within, and derives solely DOm intrinsic forces and substances, 38 ; ΙΙ., 2I3. Fluidity, flexibility, volatilily and vitality are occult qualities inherent in it, ibid. It is a vitai and most spirituous fluid in immediate connexion with the foui, 39. The red blood contains numerous salis in disserent proportions, ibid. , 290. It is a compound liquid, 40; II., 213. It is the vice gerent of the fovi in the animal kingdom, ibid. , 246; ΙΙ., 182. It enabies the fouito descend into the body, ibid. Ιt is the εoul of the bo , or the corporeal foui, ibid. , 245 ; II., 182, 199. It is surrounded with serum, ibid. See Serum. Unlessine blood mere repleuished with the threefold order of substances contained in theserum, it could never be fitted for the uses of the animal economy, 45. Whateuer isto form a solid tissue is first converted into blood, 46. Three passages lead into the venous blood ; One, Dum the common stomach; One, DOm the compound Stomachof the Iungs ; the third, Dom the shin, ibid. Three passages lead out Of the arterial blood into the system, viz., glands, vesicles and pores, 47. The blood selecis iis subsidies cautiousty and providently Dom the domains of the worid, 47. See Medicine. Every animal lives the lise of iis biood, 48. Any change in the constitutiou of the blood produces a corresponding change in the System, 48. The Continuiw of the blood is the spring of unanimity in the body, 48. The science of theblood presupposes an exploration of the auras of the worid, 49. Ιis modificationsare in conformity With those of the auras, 50 ; II., 212. Iis particles are containedin form by an interfluent aura, 50. When it loses iis finer aura, it begitis to die, 50. Animal life imparis a peculiar heat to the blood, 55. See Heat. The genuine heat of the blood is greatest in youth, but decreases in old age, 57. The heat is kept up by the constant division and combination Os the paris, and by the continuat exercitation of the blood by the brains, ibid. , 63. The heari and brata vivi ου iis heat, ibid. The blood assumes varieties of color under different conditions, 58. See Animus, Brules, Color. The red and heavy blOOd comes by means of Salis tempering,
copulating, determining, and perfecting it, 62, 63. Ιt undergoes division by degrees into iis Original principies during iis progress through corresponding VeSSelS, ibid. ,167, 138, 8eqq.; II., 213. The three degrees of composition in the blood must beperceived distinctly, since the blood is distinctly compounded, and distinctly divided, into each, ibid. , I 23, I 67, 187 ; II., 16, 141, 144, 150, 213. The red blood is thegreat great- grandSon Of the spirituous fluid, 63 ; II., 213. When the blood is re- Solved, it does not die, but continues iis life in iis purest substances, whicli euter thesibres, ibid. , I 67 ; II., 16, 144, 145, 213. See Sali. The middie blood is theessect of the spirituous fluid, and the efficient of the red blood, 64. The red blOOd- globule conSiSis generalty of sta plano-oval spherules, fitted into the Sta holloW fides of a particle os fixed sali, whence iis spherical figure, ibid. , 65 ; II., I 44, 150. Iis Paris ure in intimate union and orderly arrangement, 65. The blood is disserent ineVery species of animal, and dissers With temperamenis, states and ages, 65. It may
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INDEX OF SUBJECΤS. be either legitimate or spurious, 67. The volume of it Within the vesseis is either pure, miXed homogeneous, Or miXed heterogeneous, 70, 122, 123. The crassamentumis the mean belween the volume of the fluid and the mass of the solid, 70. It is thelaurin composition of the blood, 7 I. The fibrous part of the bl ood arises, Whenany portions combine into One larger portion On account of the insertion os saline triangles, 72. The gelatinous crust is the Aluggisti serum that escapes in Smali quantities Dom the crassamentum, and condenses On the Surface, ibid. The matters
obtained by distillation Dom the blood, diu not previousty exist in it, but are generaled, as Such, by the action Os sire, 72, 73. See Chemisto. The particle os commonsali is the basis and fulcrum of the blood-globule. 73, 76. There is no Simpler Ormore perfeci substance in nature than the blood-globule, 76. It comprises mere Principies, elements and simples, and virtualty and potentialty involves everything in the worid that is producibie Dom principies, elements and simples, ibid. See Unit. It is disserent in every viscus, 10 5, 187. See Circulation. It is vivified by the nervOus fibres ut every potat of iis progression, 116. There is nothing that theblood, in iis limited universe, does not conneci, irrigate, nouriSh, renOVate, form, actuale and vivisy, 117, 351; ΙΙ., I 2. The red and compound blood contains, in Simultaneous Order, each entity of the Simpler substances, II 8 ; ΙΙ., 212, 213. The circulation of the middie blood is promoted by the Iungs, 131, 254, 268, 338, 343 ;II., 183. See Undulation. The undulation of the blood commences With the wave Sent om the heari, is propagated through the arteries to the smallest twigs With facility, and terminates in conatus, 137. From conatus it gives out the fame effect as is the firSt motion were actualty present, ibid. The undulation of the blood censes Where the artery endes and the vein begitis, 138. See Fear. The blood is son and flexibie in health; hard and renitent during sicliness, 167. It is perpetuatly undergoingbirili, death, and rebirth, 168. See Absorption, Courve, Death, Secretion. More blood is contained in the least vesseis collectively than in the trunks, 197. The quantity of blood in the body cannot be assigned, because the red blood is ever un- dergoing formation and destruction, 198. The quantity of blood in the body is in reality the quantity of fluid in relation to the solid, 195. The purer blood is priorto the red blood in the heari and every other viscus, 345. See Cause. The fluidityof the blood is not o ing to iis Water or serum, but to the spirituous fluid, 543; II., 212. A ll the genuine blood-globules, when resolved, distinctly enter the medullaryand nervous substances of the brain and body, ΙΙ., 150, 182. BoDY : see Blood. Ιt destres the treasures of the worid, in order that man maybe a microcosm, 45. See Brain. In the animal body, nature mines almost astarge a demand upon our faith as miracles themselves, 188, 233, 238, 239. ShepaSSes through every state, and her path lies through ali inings, 188, 233 ; II., 204. See Artery, Order. Throughout the body there is the form of a Lingdom, republicand state, 229. Three Sisters manage the threads of the body, vig., the cerebrum, cerebellum, und medulla spinalis, 231. See Embryo, Formation. It is an image of the representations of the foui, 240, 241, 242; ΙΙ., 202, 265, 266, 345. See ramen Ovale. Aster birili the brain and the body begin to aci as distinci and peculiar causes, the muscular fibre being eXcited against the blood, and vice versu, 417. The body is the mere appendix of the brains, Woven by them for the perform- ance of the uses of the loWer degrees, 452; ΙΙ., 27, 212. The proximate cauSe 0sthe action of the viscera proceeds DOm the body, 554. See Dealh. The wh0le SyStem is Woven of fibres and blood-vesseis, II., 196, 345. The ossice of the b0dyis, to feel, to forin lo0ks and actions, to be disposed, and to do what the higher