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THE LEAGUE OUNATION AND MALARIA i 3THE LEAGUE OF NATION AND MALARIA
FIRS SESSION OF THE PERMANENTHEALTH COMMITTEEConstitutionat uestionS.
mitte vias held in Geneva Dom February lythao Februaryadst. 1924. Dr. Ii. Machen, Head of the Copenhasen Serum Institute. as elected Chairman. The President of the Osce laternational δ' Hygien Publique, at present Dr Uelphe Head of the Belsian Health Service was elected Vice-Chairman ex oscio. Si Geome Buchanan. Senior Medica Ossice in the Britis Ministr of Health, and Surgeon-Genera H. S. Cummino, Chie of the Unite States Publie
Health Service were also elected Vice-Chairmen forine year, there by ensurin rotation mons the member of the Committe without re-election. The Committe decide to submit the folio in namesto the Concit for appotniment as additiona members:
Dr Chodaho forme Minister of Health of Poland: Dr. Bernhard ochi. Director of the Hamburs Institute of Tropica Medicine: Dr. Alice Hamilton o Harvard Universit Medicat School.
against malaria hic is hein conducted by a number of European states as a result of the aggravationis this diseas in the ear succeedin the war. A questionnaire dra n umi conjunction it mal-ctria experis in the various countries is to e sent to the Health Administrations o European countries assected by malaria and therepties studied by a Sub-Committe composed of ome member of the Health Committe an malaria experis co-opte Dom utSide Theriealth Committe wil thus e in a position to furnis advice tos Vernments hic consuli itin the subjeci.
Such advice has atready been equeste by the Albanian, Greehan Persia Governments One of the Epidemic Commissioners has
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Quinine SuppliS. further aspectis the problem os malaria no Maheni by the Health Committe is the questionis quinin supplies. Is investigations by the Leaque Health organisation appea to arrant Such a CourSe, a conference a b hel o representatives of the Health depart-ments of countries in hic malaria is an important and urgent problem to conside the possibilit os increasin the suppi os quinine. HEAL ORGANISATIONa. A Dory Guncti
s e Committe of the ossice International SHygiene Publique acts as the Adviso Guncit of the Leaque Health organisationi.
Composed of sixtem members. namely the Chairma of the Adviso councti niue member chosen by the Advisorse uncti, and si member appotntediv the Councilo the Leaque aster consultation it the Health Committee Four assessors may beappotnted by thes uncii The appotnimenta extend ove a period of three yearsi.
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in Paris. The fosso in member Were reSent:
States), Vice-presidenis Professor Leon Bennariandor L. Raynauci
The Committe decide to recommend to the Councit of the Lea- sue that Professor Iean Cantacuaene of the Universit of Bucarest, member of the ossice Internationa δ' Hyuiene Publique and of the Centra Committe of the Roumanian Red Cross. houldae made amember of the Health Committee, as the representative of the Mixed Commission of the Leasue o Red Cros Societies and the International Committe of the Red Cross. The Anti-Malaria CampaὐΠ. definite plan was adopted o dealin with the questioni malaria in Europe This plan, prepared by a Suh-Committe that hasbee Studyin the question or ome months, provides for a thoroughinvestigatio of the present position both by malaria experis designate a correspondin members by the health administrations of coun- tries in hicli malaria exisis, and by an investigationi the pol by the Malaria Suh-Committee. It is proposed to confine the work of the Committe to Europe as besinnins althouuli fuit aduantas millieuake of the experiencesaine in figlitin malaria in non-European countries. Reyori Hrebein Submitte by correspondins member from Great Britain Den
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16 THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS AN MALARIA
mar an Holland where malaria has been completet or almost extirpate&within recent times, as et a Dom countries in South- Easter Europe here malaria has always existe an has spreadgreatly Since the war. The Sub Committe is to visit usoslavia. Roumania, themkraine and Russia, returnins to Italy. here theresultis it investigations illi embodie in a reporti The objecto iis investigations, hicli are meret preliminary, is noto furnishadvice a to the est dealin with malaria butri fain fullan reliabie knowledue of the actuat Siluation in the countries visited. A the eques of the Albanian GoVernment, Dr. Hauh, a formermember of the Leasue Epidemic Commission who recenti preSented a repor o the inciden e of malaria in Albania has been commissione to complete the malaria Surve in that country and o presenta repori, o the basis of hic the Malaria Committe mill preparea technica plan or the se of the Albanian Government.
In connection,ith the wor o malaria the questionis the supplyos quinin in relation to the worid's need a mellis the medicat efficac o quinin and other cinctiona aikaloid willi studied by a
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Ιtalyrio inspectuli area infected by malaria and O dra uina reporton the resulis of the VoyBse. Throughout the ourne the Centra Health authorities of the countries visite have conducte the pari and shown it both the actuat condition in the areas infected wit malaria and the measurestahen to instruct and organis the Health Service for combatin this disease. The Commission ili, therelare, b in a position to Ake an exhaustive reportis the whole questionis malaria in Southern and
The Assembly on September 20th. 192q. approve the reportisit Secon Committe o the Health organisation, presented by Dr. Caballem. Delegat o Paraguay, and passed a resolutio expreSSinsit gratificatio a the fac that the organisation had been definitely
by the Rockefelle Foundation were speciali noted. The Assembi expresse iis appreciatio of the resulis obtainedfrom the system os interchanges of officials. It noted the resulis obtained by the wor o the standardisationis sera and biological producis and by the various specialinquiries, Suchri the cancer investigation and the Malaria Commission in Eastern Europe, as et a the factrahat the Health Committe had placedinVestigator and technicat adviser on Public Health questions at thedisposa os various Government requestin Such BSSiSictnce.
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18 THE LEAGUEDUNATIONS AN MALARIA
The Assembi expressed the opinio that the Health organisationias fulfillin the duties assisned loci unde the Covenant. It recommende that the organisation Should ah up the problem os physical
education and investigate the means for ita senerat extensioni rationa principies, as weli as underinke amenqui into the valueis preventive me ures against tuberculosis.
O this occasio the Committe welcomedat ne inmerica mem
The Malaria Commissio submitted a provisional reporti ita investigation in the insdom of the Serbs Croat and Slovenes, Greece. Bulgaria. Roumania Russi and Italy. The final report whichas being prepared for the end of this year, ill contain exhaustive informationas to the incidence of malaria and the method used to combat it in alicountries visited, tosether illi conclusion an recommendations, and willae accompanie by specia reporis referrin to ea Mone of the countries visited.
At the fame time the Health Committe considered the hst reporis Ofilasmati Committeeos Experison the problem os quinine and decid-ed to recommend that attempta shouldie made in different countriest try the effect of the various cinchon aikaloids of hicli quinin is
tries in hic it is proposed to try the ne methods are Alseria Spain. Italy, and Roumania The experimenta illae conducte unde theauspices of the Malaria Commission and with the aid of materia fur-
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nished by the Commission o acto ensure uniformit os conditions. The Malaria Commission ill continue iis stud of the incidence of malaria in Europe by establishin relation wit experis and corre pondin member an by an investigatio in SicilY, unis Alseria. Morocco, Spain and Portussat in 1925. The Councii accepted the invitationis the Italia Govertiment forine Health organisation to sensa representative to co-operate in thework of the first International Confressi Malaria hic viillhe heldat Rome , qth-6th October. 1925.
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MALARIAL laver is important notini because of the miserywhic it inflicis pon mankind, ut ecause of the serious opposition hicli it has always sive to the march of civilisation in the tropies. Unlike many diseaseS, it is essentiali endemic, a loca malady and one hichinfortunatet haunis more especiallythe fertile mell-watered, and luxuriant tracts - precisely thos whichare of the greates valueri man There it strikes down notini theindigenous barbari population ut, it stillireater certainty the pioneers of civilisation the planter, the trader, the missionary, and the soldier. It is thereiare the principaland gigantiali os Barbarism. No wild deseris, no Savase races, no geographica difficulties have prove so inimicat o civilisatio a this disease we may also saythat it has ithheld amentire continent Dominumanit - the immense
and fertile tracts of Africa what, cali themar Continent houldbe called the Malarious Continent an for centuries the successive aves o civilisation hich have floode and fertilised Europe and America have brohen themselves in vain pomit deadi Shores.