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MEDICINAE THEO ETICAE. MEDICINAE THEO RETICAE. CAP. I.-Generalia quaedampi refunda de functionibus
corporis viol; de natura causisque morborum; de viribus corpori insitis, quae sanitatem tuentur morbosque depelbunt; nec non de remediorum natura, Piribus, et essectibus.1. CORPUS hUmanUm, arte prorsus divina fabric tum, mult3s et miris fungi tur muneribus; quorum alia ad res externas, alia ad Se- ipsum tantum, pertinent. CAP. I.- Caput primum continet quaedam generalia praefanda, defunctionibus corporis vivi; de
rum de viribus insitis coris pori, quoP vireso tuenturbanitatem, que depellunt
tura, deo viribus et essectibus remediorum.1. CORPUS humanum, fabricatum prorsus divina arte, fungitur' multis et miris muneribus; quorum mune-rrem θ uitu pertinent ad res faeternas, alia pertinento uit se ipsum corpus tantum.
OF THEO RETICA L MEDICINE.CHA P. I. Contains sonae general prefatory observations onthe functions of the living body, on the nature aud causes of diseases, on those innate powers of the body which realehu over health and ward diseases, alSo ou the Nature, properties anil essects of remedies. I. The human body, framed entirely by divine contrivance, performs many and wonderint functions ; Some ofwhicli relate to external objecis, others refer only to the
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tusque VoluntariUS; quibUS, quantumvis simplicibus, viribus, mundum cognOSCimVS, terrarUm potimur. Hae functiones animales apud medicos dieUntur.3. Minime vero omni tempore ad has functiones valemus: longa enim aut valida sive animi sive corporis exercitatione utriusque vires insitae eis riuntur. In hoe autem statu brevi monemur, et tandem dulci necessitate cogimUr, labores omnes et voluptates pariter intermittere curusque deponere, et noSmetipSOs defessos et hebescentes Somni amplexibus committere ;
rum 9; quibus viribus quantumvis simplicibus cn039
cognoscimus mundum potiamur terrarum. Hae functiones dicuntur animalesopud medicos. 3. Vero minime valemus
valida, eaeercitatione sive animi, sive corporis, insitae vires utriusque i. e. animi et corporis9 ezhauriuntur.
Autem in hoc statu nos9monemur brevi clempore9 et tandem nos cogimur
dulci necessitate, intermittere pariter omnes labores et voluptates que deponere curas, et committere nOSmetipsos defessos et hebescentes
2. Ali sense and voluntary motions are reserred to theone description os functions; by such poWers, however Simple, we beeome ac quainted with the globe, and take possession Os the earth. These functions are called animal by medicat men. 3. But We are by no meanS competent to these sunctionsat ali times; lar by long or powersul exercise of the mindor the body, the innate powers of both are exhausted. But in this state we are early admonished, and at lengin areobliged by gratelai necessity, equalty to relax Doui alliabours and pleasures, and lay aside cares, and to commitourselves fatiguod and languid to the embraces of Sleep, in
2. Potior voverias ei ther the genitive or ablatii e case.
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cujus gremio soli et resecti, reSurgamus denuo vegeti et alacres, et ad omnia vitae mUnera aptissimi. 4. Ad alterum genUS referri solent actioneS CUDCtae, quarum ope Corpus vivit exhaustumque reficitur Commptumque PVrgatUr. Hae Vero sunt vel vitales vel na
5. Vitales dicuntur fune-tiones illae quae ad vitam
sine vitae discrimine, ne quidem per exiguum temPUS, Suspendi aut interrumpi queant; cerebri, nimirum, nemorumque Retio, SangUinis circuitus, et respiratio. 6. Machina vero animalis Sie constituta statim defluit, cito etiam periret: nam omni motu partes Solidae teruntur, ampletibus somni; gremio
refecti, nos resurgamus δε-nuo vegeti et alacres, et aptissimi ad omnia munera υitae 4. Ad alterum genuS actiones cunctae solent referri
pus vivit que eaehaustum rescitur, que corruptum purgatur. Vero hae functioneso sunt vitales vel naturales. 5. Illae functiones dicuntur vitales, quae sunt adeo necessariae ad vitam ut queant suspendi aut interrumpi nequidem per eriguum tempus, sine discrimine vitae; nimirum actio cerebri, que ner-υorum, circuitus Sunguinis, et respiratis. 6. Cero machina animalis sic constituta statim d fuit, etiam cito periret: nau8omui motu partes solidae t Whose bosom, cherished and relaeshed, we may ariSe again lively and aleri, and best fitted sor ait the duties of lisu. 4. To the other description os functions ait those actionsare referred by the a id of whicli the body lives. and when exhausted is repatred, and when) corrupted is purifled.
But these actions are vital or naturat. 5. Those lanctions are called vitat whicli are So neceSSaryto lise, that they cannot be suspended or interrupted, evensor a liti te space of time without peril to lise ; sucii are, theaction of the brain, and nerves, the circulation and respira
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fluidae dissipantur, CDrPUS, debile, macrum e RUStumque relicturae: quinetiam UtraeqUe Sponte piatreScunt et Corrumpuntur; sic etiam brevi ipsse sibi homo acerri
7. Sed nusquam alma rerum parens prolem deserit. Contra, non modo his maliS, quae Semper et ubique Decem minitantur et inopi sine dubio inferrent, remedium suggerit, Verum in- Super mirabili artificio efficit, ut ex hac ipsa homo necessitudine novum serat et perennem Vigorem. 8. Attrito enim corpore parteque humorum ab-
sipantur, relicturae corpuS debile mocrum que ethau tum ς quinetiam utraeque
sponte; etiam sic brevi clempore 9 ipse homo compararet
sibi venenum acerrimum. 7. Sed alma parens rerum
nusquarii deserit prolem. Contra illa i e parens9 non modo suggerit remedium his malis, quae minitantur necem Semper et ubique et infer
dubio, verum insuper esscit mirabili artifcio, ut homo
ferat novum et perennem vigorem eae hac ipsa nece situdine. 8. Enim corpore attrito, que parte humorum absumpta of the body the solid paris are Worn away, the fluid paris are dispersed, leaving the body weak, emacialed and exhausted ; moreover they both putrisy and are decomposed Spontaneously, so that man himself would be preparing for his own body a most deleterious potSon. 7. But the kiud parent os nature nowhere deseris herosi Spring, On the contrary, She not only Supplies a remedysor those evils whicli always and every where threaten withdeath, and would indubitably inflict upon it unprepared, but moreover She manages by wonderisi contrivance, that man Should receive renewed and yearly vigor stom this very
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Sumptu, nutrimento et potu egemus; cibum itaque po
corpus diffunditur, qua OPUS est apponitur; quod Superest utriusque dicitur. PutreSCentes quoque vel aliter Corrupti humores, a reliquis secreti, idonea Vin e Corpore eXCernuntur. Plurimi denique a massa generali succi, diversi ab illa et diversi inter se, Variisque intra Corpus u SibUS a Commodati, assidue secernUntUr. 9. Hae vocantur functiones naturales, ad vitam quidem necessariae, Sed quae
paulisper facile, et sine periculo suspendi possunt : noso egemus nutrimento et
cibum que potum; uterque i. e. cibus et potuso con coctus diffunditur per totum corpus, ceto opponitur qua Opus est; quod superest utri
citur. Quoque humorra putrescentes vel aliter corrupti, secreti a reliquis emcernuntur a corpore via idonea.
Denique plurimi succi dia mersi ab illo i. e. ni Sa generalio et diversi inter Se,
que accommodati variis usibus intra corpus, secer Huri MViassidue a massa generali. 9. Hae functiones vocaH-tur naturales, quidem neceS-
sarire ad vitam, sed quoepossunt si pendi paulisperfacile et sine periculo; sci-
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ConCoelio, Scilicet, secretio et excretio.
naturalibus functionibus homo vivit, viget, reficitur, purgatur, ad animales exercendas idoneus evadit: nobile opus, nec nisi Uni
excogitandum; certe omne humanum ingenium tal tum EXCedens, ut mentequamVis Sagnee, toties eX- ploratum, non CapiatUr; Π que Singularum, partium functioneS, neque uniVerS I Um neXUS, neque sons Et origo virium quibus machina movetur, hactenus detegantUr.
11. Nulla enim praeter animalem machina proprio motu cietur; nulla alia, Pelicet, concoctio, Secretio et
10. Igitur homo vivit, viget, rejicitur, purgatur vitalibus et naturialibus
idoneus ad animales functiones P ea ercendas :3 v Nobile, nec eaecogitandumβnisi Uni; certe cillud i. e. nobile opus9 tantum eicedens omne humaurem inge
emploratum non capiatur mente quamviS SVace; Πf-que functiones singularum partium, Neque neX univer
et origo virium, quibus cuiribus 9 machina mobetur, hactenus detegantu . 11. Enim nulla machina praeter machinam animalem cietur proprio motu nulla 10. Therelare man lives, strives, is replenished an dcleansed, by the vitai and natural functions, and becomes fitted sor exercising the animal functions: a nobie worknot to have been contemplated but by the Supreme Be ingalone; so much excpeding human understanding, that although explored so many times, it cannot be comprehended by minds the most sagacious ; nor can the functions of individual paris, nor the connection os the paris collectiVely, nor can the fource or origin os the powers by whichthe machine is moved up to the present time be dis overed. 11. For there is no machine besides the animal frame hicli is propelled by iis own inherent motion ; none Other
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ricula sibimet imminentia sust sponte SummoVet, DECres quibus eget sibi mi
12. Primo statim aspectU, talis machina, nisi sorth
rupta Vel laesa, in Omne aevum durabilis videtur: et quidem sola experientia Contrarium docemur. Homo enim, quamviS SanuS et robustus et vegetus, labentibus annis, et ipse dilabitur, Senescit, moritur, in PriStina elementa solvitur, aliis animantibus pabulum fu
13. Haec autem Naturae lex, hoc consilium; ut Singuli pereant homineS, genS humana floreat. Hine SeXUS,
summovet pericula imminentia sibimet, Nec ministrat
sibi res, quibus crebus eget.'
12. Statim primo aspectu talis machina videtur cesse durabilis in omne aevum nisi sit forte corrupta vel laesa aliqua causa eaeterna; et quidem noso docemury contrarium sola emperientia. Enim homo, quamvis Sanus et robustus et vegetus, anytis
labentibus et ipse dilabitur, Senescit, moritur, cet9 so vitur in pristina elementa, futurus pabulum aliis an
13. autem haec est leae Noturae, hoc esto cons lium cnaturaeo ut singuli
homines pereant, genS humana foreat. Ninc seaeus remoVes Spontaneousty dangers whicli are impending overit, or furnishes tu itself necessary Supplies. 12. At first sight such a machine appears to be lastingio eVery age, utiless it be by chance destroyed or injured by S0me externat agent; but indoed we are taught thecontrary by experience alone, for man, though healthy, robust, and lively, as the years glide on, Sinhs down him-Self, becomes old and dies, and is resolved into his pristine elemenis, ab ut to become mod sor other animais.13. Such is the law of nature, sueti is the design ; that individuals may peris h whilst the human race thriveS.
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8 hinc generatio et proleS, et quicquid suavis, quicquidumari, alma Venus habet. 14. Sed ipse terrarum et quae eas incolunt animalium dominus, parvus, debilis, fa-tUUS, Omnium rerum inopS, nascitur: Sola parentum Cura diu consematur, fovetur, alitur: Paulatim crescit, pubescit, adolescit, sapit: forma et animi et corporis viribus parentes sequat
eadem gaudet eXercere munera; tandem, ingraVESCentibus annis, Communem SO tem SubitUrUS. 15. Haec omnia universo generi communia; nec desunt multa singulis homini bus propria. Non SeCUS
esto, hinc generatio et proles csunt , et quicquid alma Venus habet suavis quicquid habet) amari. 14. Sed chorinoὰ ipse d
minus terrarum et animalium quae incolunt eas, naScitur parvitis, debilis, futuus,
inops omnium rerum ἰ ille i. e. homo diu conservatur, fovetur, alitur Sola cura parentum cilleὰ paulatim crescit, pub cit, adolescit, sapit; illeo aequat parentes et
forma animi et viribus corporis, cliteo gaudet erercere
eadem mmera; tandem annis ingravescentibus cilleo subiturus cest communem
communia universo generi; nec multa propria singulis hominibus desunt. Enim Henee sex, generation and ofApring, and the sweeis and bitters whicli fond Venus impariS. 14. But man himself, lord of the earth and of the animais whicli inhabit it, is born diminutive, Woah in body, Deble in mind, in want of ali things ; he is sor a long time pre- Served, cherished and nourished by the sole care os his parents ; by degrees he grows up to youth, to manhood, and old age, and becomes Wise ; and equais his parenis both in the frame of his body and strength of his minit ;he e oys the exercise of the fame functions. and at last, as years vleigh upon him, he is about to undergo the common tot of all. IS. These qualities are common to the whole humanrace; Dor are there Wauting many things Whicli are pecu -
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nim ac vultus, corporis constitutiones variant. Hae quidem varietates nullo modo exequendae SVnt, tamen ad certa capita non inepth referri solent, quae temperamenta καH εξοχην dicuntur; quorum Solentia
medico haud parum proderit. 16. Hujusmodi varietates
in prole reviviscunt; certhparentibus liberi similos
Sunt, non vultum modo et Corporis formam, sed animi indolem, et virtutes, et vitia.
-Imperiosa gens Claudia diu Romae floruit, impigra,
constitutiones corporis Uariant non secus ac vultus. Quidem hae et arietates nullo modo sunt ea equende, tamen solent referri ad certa ca
dicuntur temperamensa κατ'εξοχην; scientia quorum
temperamentorum proderit medico haud parum.16. Varietates hujusmodi
non modo corporis, verum et animi quoque ObSerbantur, plerumque congenitae, nonnunquum haereditariae. Hoc modo parenteS S e re-DiDiscunt in prole; certe liberi sunt similes parentibus non modo secundumo vultum' et formam corporis, sed secundum indolem animi et virtutes et vitia. Imperiosa gens Claudia, impigratiar to individuals. For bodily constitutions vary no Iessthan the countenanee. These varieties are by no means tobe defined, but aro wont to be referred to certain heads,not without propriety, and are called temperaments forthe sise os distinction; a knowledge of which will be os notrifling use to the medicat man. I 6. Varieties os this kind are observod not only in thebody but in the mind also, they are frequently congenital, Sometimes hereditary. In this manner, parenis frequently revive in their descendanis, not Only aS to the countenance and Dame of the body, but in the disposition, virtves and vices. The impericus Claudian family lived for a long time
8. The accusative case is somelimes adioined to adjectives and participies here the preposition εecundum feems to de undet sto .
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serOX, Superba; eadem illac hrymabilem Tiberium, tristissimum tyrannum, pro
duxit ; tandem in immanem Caligulam, et Claudium, et Agrippinam, ipsumque de
17. Quin set ab aliis causis, firma adhuc valetudine, Corpus humanum multas Et graves subit mutationes; et imprimis a vi e genere et Vietu quo utimur, ab ipso sub quo degimus Coelo, et ab immensa vi consuetudinis. Haec quoque medicum
18. Secunda, igitur, V letudo nullis est definienda Verbis, neque profecto facile
Romae; eadem genso produxit illachrymabilem Traberium, tristissimum tyrannum ; tandem desitura in immanem Caligulam et CDudium, et Agrippinam, que demtim ipsum Neronem
17. Quin corpus humanum subit vitillas et graves mutationes et ab aliis causis,
valetudine' adhuc fimo, et imprimis a genere vitae et victu quo utimur ab ipso
et ab immensa vi consuetudinis. Oportet quoque medicum novisse haec. 18. Igitur secunda τοl
udo de ienda est nullis Uerbis, neque profecto fucileat Rome, restiess, serocious and haughty. The fame family produced the learless Tiberius, a most miserable tyrant, at tength about to close iis existence by the out-rageous Caligula, Claudius, Agrippina, and lastly Nero himself, after a period of Six hundred years. IT. Moreover the human body undergoes many and important changes also hom other causes, the health beingstili unimpatred, in the first placo stom the mode os life and kind of Dod we mahe use os, Dum the atmosphereliseis in which wρ exist, and Dum the unbounded sway os habit. It is necessary that the practitioner should be ac quainted with these things.18. Therelare good health cannot be desined, nor indeed
9. Nounq taken in an absolute sense, here no Dreposition is iandersto d. and of hicli the sense is rendered evident by the Mord being, are piat in the ablative