Matriculation Caesar : Bell, Gall., b. IV, chapters 20-38 and Bell. Gall., b. V, chapters 1-23

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praedicaverunt: the openly boasted V distinguis in meaning praedico and praedico. quanta lacultas-daretur hα isne opportunitWwα betam eredihem V subj in Indirect uestion, H. L. 200 B. G, 362. praedae laciendae of securin booty sacere praedam dos not

occur elseWhere in Caesar.

in perpetuum forever. Vsui liberandi: illi the genitives mei tui, ut nostri, vestri, the Gorun or Gerundius for in dicis used, ithout referetice to thogende or number of the pronoun, H. L. 187 8. si expulissent: is the succeed D drining ut V subj in Virtualo. o. representin the fui. i. indic. -Si empuleritis-in . R., Η. ., 269 8 R. J, 408. his rebus by these representations. V

etsi join with videbat: se noto B. IV, 20. idem subjectis fore and explained by the appositive ut clause. ut effugerent: that the would scape rein to thei speed. V Tho Briton were arme&with a long Amori an a light buckier. What Wastho armor of the legionar soldier See page Ι6. Si essent-pulsi subj in Virtual . o. representin the fui. f. indici si erunt pulsi in . R. H. L. 269 R. C. 408.

faris their Ueedinu strensi allo se l. ' tanto Spatioci abl. Where me would have expecte the aec o Extetit Oi pace. -cursu et viribus: abi. oi Instrument. occiderunt: sc nostri milites.

his-numerum duplicavit m his duplicem numerum imperavit his is dat oi Indirect Objeci. quem-imperaverat se B. IV, 27. propinqua die aequinoctii Causa abi abs as the da of the equinoae αδ near. V his Was the periodii equinoctia gales. As Caesar

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NOTES O CAESAR B. G. lando in Britain o Aug. 27th, and Ieth accordinito Napoleon III probabi Sept. lith rQ2th, o an se ho stubborni tho Britonamus have resisted his lati ling, sincessio gotis farther than tho horo in his first Oxpedition. -die is lem in the sing. When it refers to a fixod

hiemi existimabat: he id nos hin tha the oyαye ought to bee osed to the ris istorin. V hiemi dat With a compotandis sub , H. L. 229 4.-Subjiciendam : Se esse Gerundi vat infin. II. L. 189. naves solvit se note on solvit, B. IV, 23. eosdem portus Capere to et e the δαme oris' se Dot o tertia vigilia, B. IV, 23. infra: further, Hown the ohannet, i. e. belo Bouω9ne.

essent expositi Tho ut phras is milites e navibus in terram eriponere. This claus refers t the duae onerariae, referro trio at thoond of the precedinichapter. proficiscens Uon his departure pacatom: Aee B. IV, 22. non ita magno numero: wit notis ver large number V thia uae of ita is confined O negative SentenCES.CirCumsteterunt: se nostros milites, whicli is also toto supplied astho object i jusserunt. si nollentri subj in Virtual O. O. alter jusserunt. orbe saetori in cases os extremo danger, the Roman soldier formed a circlo With thoi factis to tho nem y and their aggage in the centre. Wo bould say formin α hollow quare. Vceleriter note the emphati position o the adverb. suis Auxiliori for the two datives se H. L. 228, I, 2 R. G, 431. horis: abi. o Comparison affer amplius p. amplius octingentos equites habere, B. IV, 2 amplius, plus minuS, longiuS may ormannot affect the syntax of the accompanying WordS. paucis-acceptis wit trisin loss V

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BOOK V

Lucio Domitio Appio Claudio consulibus Tho et is sto tost ut

Ahenobarbus belong0d to tho optimates. e et a Pharsalia, 48 B. C., by the and of Maro Antony. Appius Claudius a brothor of the notorious Clodius, illud by Milo. It was also one of tho optimates. ab hibernii thes Winter camps ere among the Belgae B. IV. 38 . in Italiam vi in Galliam Cisalpinam: taly proper did nos fili 27 B. C. include Gallia Cisalpina Liguria, and Illyricum, though a here it Wasoite applied to the counir solith of the Alps Caesar durin his Gallio wars usuali spent the wintser at Luca Or Ravenna.

Consuerat, Consueverat.

legatis curarent: he orders his stas cers, whom he had appotntedove the legiona, o have a many shises a possibi bulli det ring the winter, and the oldines repaired. V moto the Aequeuce imperat-uti-Curarent,

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80 NOTES O CAESAR B. G. as imperat is an historica present. -possent Virtuali. O For thogerundive with Curo se H. L. 187, 9. modum sormamque Uthe siet an style. Vsubductionis haulino 1 V on land or beachiny V cf. B. IV. 29). ad celeritatem onerandi subductionisque Uto facilitate locidino nubeαchino. V Explain naves subducere, naves deducere. humiliores se. naves: lower V The easela ad Iesa levationabove the water. quam quibus, quam ea naves quibus. in nostro mari: the editerranean. id eo magisci so facit: indie cloes this by so much the more --ndul the more). propter crebras commutationes: he refers to the varyin currenta in tho Channei. ad onera se transportanda irom the transportanotam following. transportandam agrees With the neares noun. in reliquis maribus the disserent aris of the editerranea mors

known unde different names.

actuarias: furnished with ars V as Wol as,ith satis. Nolo has impero an e sed illi auc. and ini. When the infinitivo is passive. What ould bo the more usual construction retrahi imperat: Ρ. B. V, 7. usui dat os Purpose, H. L. 228, 1 R. G, 431. ad armandas nave for equippinivessela.' Spat supplied metal, cabies, rigging, etc. Conventibui Caesar a proconsul et assiges o couris at tho olitet oitiosi Norther Italy.

Galliae citerioris, Galliae Cisalpinae. Pirustis: the Pirustas ero a tribe occupying the modern

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NOTES O CAESAR B. G.

nisi-secerint subj of Virtuali. O in Primar Sequence, representinisut si indiα-nisi feceritis in . R. H. L. 269 8 R. C. 408. arbitros assessors,' arbitrators. qui-aestiment-Constituant se qui doceant, age 80. - litis aestimatio in criminal la is tho assesament of the amount of damageawhicli a convicted person has to pay.

Chapter 2

citeriorem Galliam, Galliam Cisalpinam. revertitur give the principat aris generali revertor is to returnbefore completinione's ournen redeo, aiter completiniit. ad exercitu alter,intering in Belgium : B. IV, 38. inde me Gallia citeriore Long ostimates that Caesar mus have travelle ovor 2, 000 miles. In tho eginning of th yoar hociof thoarm in Belgium, passe through Transalpino aut held our in Cisalpino Gaul, wentrio Illyricum, Aetlle disputes here, and returnedio Belgium in Mano June. circuitis omnibus hibernis ter inspectiniat the winter quarters. in inopia though in the oreates need os ali hindios material ' aeo note on in-loco B. IV, 33. cujusci quod mouldie more usual The attractio of the relative toth case of the antecedent common in Greeli is no osten mot with in

Latin.

miles.

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Chapter

plurimum valet the genitive alter tho sutor o pronoun and adjectives arises rom thei partitive sense For tho Qxcolletico of thocavair of the Treviri, p. f. II, L equites Trevirorum, quorum inter Gallos virtutis opinio est singularis. ut-demonstravimus L. III, IJ IV l0. Indutiomarus as opposed to tho Roman s. Caesar ordei ei theloadin mon o tho stat to tali sides With ingetorix, the Aon-in-lawand rivali Indutiomarus Tho latior took up aruas against the Romaus but Was doleaton and flaini Labienus D. V, 7). alter Cingetorix. -Simul atque: H. L. 259, 4. in ossicio: in allegiance, V loyai. quae-gererentum Subj in Indirect uestion, H. L. 200 R. G, 362. at used to contrast tho Oing o tW Porson . Caesar has oennpeakinio Cingetorix no turn to describe the oui se of Iuda

Indutiomarus Q oin illi instituit at tho nil of th chaptor. iisque : que otiis cogere Willi bellum parare. iis Gotti,it abditisci andrae decidet to repare for ar, after

those, o, win to thei age, quere not able testa e the fel rhad been hiu in the Ardennes reos l. V per aetatem the wero etther tooboungi to old. abditis in silvam, sali moans havin been removet to the forestani hi iden there. V The accusativo alter abdo involvos tho idea fremova a Wellos o conceat ment. -ingenti magnitudines abi. iDescription in L. 293, 6 R. , 383 α). privatim privately, V i. e. for their Wn private Securi ty. peteres: sed absolutely, Ut mahe equest8. V quoniam-possent Virtuali. O sino Casesar is no statin theirrea motive, ut meret what thensaid was thoi motive, H. L. 253, 6: R. a 408. Distinguisti virum consulere, viro dat. Consulere, in

virum Consulere.

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veritus neci What construction accompanio verbs of earini II. ., 242, 243. sese : sttin tho introducin vor to . o. is nos directi expressed; dixit is impliod in legatos mittit. idcirco laberetur: that he was unwillinito leave his followers, andio come toraim Caesar for his reason that he might the more asi semthe state Myal, eat by the defection V al the nobies the common eoplemight revolt from thoughtlassuess V iteralty fal os V rom iis allegiance. -quo tacilius : Aeem L. 233, 4. imprudentiam : derivo thi Word. in sua potestates: in his powerV; unde his contro Vejus fidei permittere: to ut unde his protection V

dicerentur Indirect uestion H. L. 200 4. , 362.

eum: Indutiomarus

ab instituto consiliori froni carryiny out the plan he had forme sorhis origina plan)Vfilio propinquisque in apposition to his in his adductis.

nominatim : by nam e V ress . Vconsolatus P he svmpathised is him V in regar to tho niorcodexit of his son and relatives Who woro toto to Britain Willi Caesar. nihilo tamen secius secius is comparative of the adu secus litorally less by nothino 'ci nihilo boing abi. of easure o Disserenosci translatestti phraso stili V however. singillatim : in by one V indιvidually. V principibus convocatis, hos Conciliavit regulari mirincipes Convocatos Conciliavit a noui or pronou Ahould nos o ut in abi. abs wheti it is atready the subjectis object i another verb, Η. .,

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Chapter

Meauae a corrupi formis Meldi. revertisses conjugat this verb. Cursum tenere compare Cursum Capere, B. IV, 26. atque but Vci ather adv0rsativo than connective here. eodem to the fame potV m in eundem locum.

equitatusci tho nobilis Who servellas caValry. numero abi. o Respect H. L. 293 7 R. J, 4I4. perspexerat: he had observe i. obsidum loco: instead of hostasses asiostastes V ,hon found witha genitive loco has a semi-prepositiona force W also nil in loco. Tho gen is objective H. L. 287, 3 affer the analog oi gratia, Causa, With genitive. cum abesset: in account of his absence V Cum ausal or whilehe personalty was absent V Virtua O. O. representin tui indic o tho actuat thought. motum m rebellionem: an rising. '

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NOTE O CAESAR B. G.

magni animi, magnae auctoritatis: Descriptive genitiVes, II. ., 288, 5 R. C., 383. quod-Cognoveratri explain the syntax o quod H. L. 252, 2: R. a 256. accedebat huc quod accedit may talio 1 an ut laus o Rosulf withsubj or 2 a substantivo clauso introducod by quo With indicativo. graviter serebant tho Aodui annuali olocto a magistrat callod Vergobretus Doe,' and wero naturali annoyod that tho right folochion had been talion Out of thoi handa B. I, 63. Caesar A. VII, 33 states that tho orso holdinithis ossico could nos leave tho stato durin his tori os ossice, and that, ono could e lectod ii a living member of the famil held the post. neque audebant: and yet the did nos dare to en ambαssudor to esα for the purpos os objectinior petitioninia9αinδι the appotniment). omnibus precibus mali hin is of entreaties. ''

said, frαid of the seαV the subjunctivo timeret implitis that the reasongiven Was not the realineum L. 252, 1, 2 R. , 408 bj. religionibus : by religious scruples. Vimpediri sese diceret diceret by mistalion analog wit timeret isitsoli ut in the subj. e liould have expected, quod impedireturo quod sese impediri dicebat Sometimes in Causal clausos a vor of saying is inserte parsntheticali meret introducing the Statement. idci tho request toto leti boliind. sollicitare dependa ou coepit. sevocare singulos to αἰ themaside individually to hol secret meetinos it person individuαl . Noto that coepit means here he besan V H. L. 219, 2. territares sither I Historical insin or 2 dopendinion coepit. Noteth intensive or iterative force of the frequentativo territo. non-fieri suppi saying froin territare; p. note ori Sese, B V, 3.-non-ut Uit a no without a reaso that. V fieri is

interficere-vereretur noto that verba fearino: a tali an infinitive in the sens os a b afraid V noxio hane the courasse V to do thing. - interficere, to ili' in an manuer necare impli eseruelinor injustice.

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NOTES O CAESAR B. G.

For traductos necaret se H. L. 164 c Note. fidem interponeres: he hellus orcio hol et in Fore the res th irpleuge tword to him asis ara theirio ing). interponeres Historical infinitive or alter coepit, as territare above PS also poscere. jusjurandum, civit attici Sacramentum, ath ak0n by the military.e usu ep. usui. Communi Consili, as a uni ted peoplε.

Caesar Goin milli statuebat. quod-tribuerat: H. L. 252, 2 L. , 56.

deterrendum esse), Gerundi vat Insii , . . , 89 tho dat o the Agent sibi is omitted H. L, 88, 4 b): R. , 51.-posset Sc. Caesar eum Coercere et deterreres subj., in Virtual O. O. longius: Utoo far prospiciendum: Ac statuebat: he made up his minit that he mustia e precautions. V the dat of the Agent sibi is omitte x se coercendum aboVe. What dimi onus is thoro bal eon lis use of Coercendum and deterrendum esse , and of prospiciendum esse H. L. 188, 5 c . ne posset Uthat he might not be able o do an harmo himsely Caesar o the late. V-ne, Se Η. L. 233, 5.-quid Adverbia aec., Η. L. 283 9. Commoratum: havin delayed Vis dein detained V V sine he had to

Corus writ 1 also Caurus, Chorus, the N. W. ind. his ouldbe uniavorabie to any one ait in from Boulogne to Britαin Noto the apposition as in urbs Roma, flumen Rhenus. partem uec. i Extent, II. L. 283, 10 R. , 23 I. omnis temporis every 8eα8on. V dabat operam: he ook ains, V he id his est. V contineret cognosceret subj in Fina Clause, H. L. 240, 8 R. C., 386. milites, pedites the insanir formo the main strongili o tho

conscendere in naves: e also sinit conscendere naves.