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Ποπ. The Third Mithridatio a land hi in tho
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TRIA SPEEcΠ, the political dobuti Cicero, Was deliverod, Janiory B. G. 66, in Suppor of the proposa mades by C. Manilius, a tribune O the eople, to confer the province of Asia, Cilicia, and Bithynia, and the absoluto command of the Mithridatic ar,in Pompoy Thesse province were the held by Lucullus, Marcius Rex, and Acilius Glabrio Tho conductis the war had been Dominalty entrusted o Glabrio, ut he was o consciolis of his in eapacit that he di no venture to asSume the command conferre on him. racticatly theresore, the
Manilia bili proposed to supersede Lucullus, therepresentative of the igh aristocratica party byΡOmpey, Wh0m the democratica part stili belleved thomsolve to hol in eadinsestrings. To the proposer himself, a venal t00l and partisanis
professos o suppor the illos a patrioli Roman, above considerations o party. In reality, he was themouth-piece of the Equites, the capitalisis, hose interesis ero suffering Do the reformin posse of Lucullus. The opposition a te bymortensius and Catulus But thei opposition a litti more than a forma protest. The had contende strenuousi for
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against them. Tho occasio of the speech Wasdes memorabie hantho speech itself. The positio of the Roman forces in Asia as, no doubi grave; ut the real crisis mas in Cicero' own fortunes. Aud, ithou taking the fame harsi viow of Cicero' vain an Rebl character asMOmmSen, e a se in the spirite partisanship the nieal misrepresentation os facis, and the profuso
panegyrio of this speech, the har stimulus os personat interest more olearly than the ea of 6stypatriotism. erhaps atrie comparison of the stages at whicli the war an Cicero' career respectivel Stood will throw light on his question. Tho war ith Mithridates ad thanks to Lucullus, long reached the stago a Whicli eat anger as over. Euri in the ea 73 .c., indesed Mithridates, at thehead of 20,000 Dot-soldiers, traine on the Romansystem, and almos undisputest master of the ea, asa mos formidabie competitor for the supremae of Asia. ut Lucullus paralysed his poWer o the Granicus, and by tho end of 7 his vast forces ere anni-hilaled Noraad the vigorous efforis hieli he madein 72 B.c. to retriove his osse place hi in a botterposition. He a his armies disperse in pani terror; hora ad himself baret escape falliniinto tho enomy's hands, and hamio submit to the carcet les humiliationis throwin himself o the compassionis his son-
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his mission to the Cour o Tigranes. He a Sent todemand the surrendor o Mithridatos 'o succesede in
immediat rosul of thoi allianee was that Tigranes, acting on his oWn responsibility, a severet de aledbefore Tigranocerta B.C. 69). Aster his tho command was uti usted o Mithridates, ho laboure har toconsolidat his forces and t for an allianc Withtho arthian ing, Phraates III. Who, 0Wever, Still vavere an remaine neutral. In 68 .c. the good genius of Luculliis seemexto desert him, an evenis began to tondio the position onwhiel Manilius relie for justificationis his bili. In
the Summe O that year, it is truo Lucullus inflicteda considerable bio vin tho tW kings in Armenia butho as i able o folio u his victory, Win to dis- affoctio in his Wn army. eoas even Oree togat time by mahing a Din o Nisibis, a fortres of immens strength in Mesopotamia Mithridates, meanwhilo had made a diversio in his o vn Pontus, dolante Fabius, and shut hi u in Cabeira. Hothon retroaled efore Triarius, and 00ki his quarters for the inter in Comana. In 67 .c. the recipitanc o Triarius roughtupo the Roman armies a gallin de at Indoed is Mithridates liadiso been ounded the Roman musthave been annihilatex as it was the los 7,000 men, a disproportionale number of officers, and their eamp. But tho fruits of victor elude Mithridatos. He Wasunable o folio u his success, and withdre-to Talam us On the ther haud Lucullus stood idio throughthe mutin of his men Thus either fide a able to
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Tigraues, and was abierio verruti early nil the terri
tious actio of his politica enemies at Ilome Thus, nothin could have been unlairor o hi than to aheth pomerius of his haniis, and to transferritrio Acilius Glabrio, a man O sueti obvious incompetene that onliis arriva in Bithynia o relieve Lucullus, he hranksrom exercisin his authority. t the fame time, heendeavoured to exocrite his commission in tho spirit, is notri tho letter. He omnino in the eighbourhood, and issiae seditious proclamation to the oldiery, absolving them rom thei allegiancorio Lucullus andiu other Ways embarrasse his rival to the ut most of his
vilio C. Manilius proposse his bili, and upon hieli
two criticism naturali sugges themselves. One is that the risis a Dot early so gravo ascit suile thepopular partyrio represent; another, that Whateve thogravit of the position it a chiesi of their o increation. In therars place the low to the nationalvanit Was much greater than to the Imperia stability. Mithridates as unable o do anything ut verrun a vast area illi a mere haudω of his forme forces, and Wasmahin no progress in training his troops o sace
severit toWard the extortionato Publicani mado him pre-eminenti fit to conduet an Asiati War. In the
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seconii place, it is si issicient to observo that tho Maniliania imputexto Lucullus the incompetetice of Glabrio, the ery an rho ad been addie on hi by hisonemies. O tho hole, the fair conclusion is that atriumph in political intrigue ather han a vindicationo param uni right Was the objectis tho Lo Manilia.
distressinit Cicero' timi naturo. e might haverisen by tho favour of the lebs, ut his hoari Was illithe Patricians Besides, hateve may have been themeannes of Cicero' character, he a no demago eri
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In Spousing ompey's cause e must indoed throw himself into tho arm of tho plebeia faction, bus, at the fame time, Pompoy s services as a soldie hau beens brilliant, an his capacit Was o Strihing that anyone might Specioiisl claim to risu bove part Spiritin advocatin the cause of so great a man. At might Suret be proud of ompe as a Roman soldier. enoed nos theresere e to severem Cicero for ahingit the cause of a part whos principies e detested. For ne thing tho templation a irresistit te foranother, it a noto question o replacin a good
soldio by a ad one, ut o supprsedin a good soldieris a brilliant one, illioni rejudice to anythin more concrete tha politica fan play. As a speech, the oratio Pro L0go Manilia is an animaled an sparklin appeal to pari passion Thereis indeo th usual forma an luci statoment of thopoinis, ut the substando of the sp00ch i tho divine
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ο faet should nos impedo him. The oration as, o tosay the diploma speech of a candidato ho as stat ing
Hortensius hamnot maintainsed in tho sonat tho reputation hieli ho rought fr0 tho bar, and ille mereambitionis vanquishing an old rival in amo stoli musthave bracod Cicoro to thoestrongest effort. Many thingswer in his favom . In his speecti, for ne of the eryse occasion tu liis lifo ho spolio illi ho fuit fido fpopular enthusias m. At tho Samo timo, hocis anxiousto alio tho exclusive atriolans nos that o mustbo conciliato t. Natural ly thorefore, o spealis illi passion and firo That he Was et rayed into exaggera