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ii a play vhose iunctio it was to relax the tension and lightentii SeriouSnes Cau Sed by three precedin trage dies. The subordination o plot to characteri Sation IS a Corollaryosine irrationat happy en ling. In Seriou tragedy,
Statenaent but Aristotie' naean in is that laeolfect of tra Ied was to excite the enaotions of pii and ea and puris thena viae thus aro used by giving then a thei objectincertain picture os urna lila. The result inae at vas the production o a certain emotiona state in the ni in of the audience thi resultovas alta inedis ot by exhibitin the naechanis in os his o that particular character, biit hi conductin a
dition. It is no the character but the late os Oedipus that is the prinae motive in Sophocles play. ut suppos in that thedrannati St' olbjeci vas notrio produce, but ather o reli eve, thi Sermotiona ei seci, then the relations os tot to characteri Sationna ight y,econae invected where the plo is ille lanain eleinent theres ut is ena otionat: vhere the chi es interest is in the illustrationos character the resultin Pleas ure is intellectuat in orde tonaitigate the ei notiona effect os the three precedin plays themur th play ainae Mat excit in aliore purei intellectua interest: it was known stoin the out Set that the playovould endi appit, sorali concerned con Secluently the progress os ille action vas essabsorlbing O it o via Salce a an illustration os the tragicelenaen in liuinata lis and was ima ini interest in as exhil it ingili character os those ullo ook pari in it.
This is the case in ur play is v regar the poet' objectas having lbeen to essec the proper purgation os the Delingsos pit an terror , naeans os Sinai lar motions,' vilicia is
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Aristolle' definitio of the functionis tragedy the play Inu St
are arou sed to the laighest degree: but there is no κάθaρσις theepi Sode lenesumto a Catastrophe in via icta pit an terror haven place and this, no through anymin inherent in the actionitself, noto,e cause the evolution o evenis inevitata leads
en Seena naOS imminent, a dest appear an ali difficulties vanish ive have been larilled by the preparations for and the descriptionis the murderi Helen, ni to find that it has notreatly talcen place at ali ou pity vas excite sor Electra an dΡvlades vliose bet rotha seenae lilhelyrio en in a union notis v edloch but os de alla, but nox xve are tol that the are tornarry and live happit for ille futtire: vhil Orestes soria frona
Jud ge Doni Aristolle' vi ex of the emotiona effect vhich. traged should produce, the play is a fallure But SuppoSingit vas not lai emotiona effect but the exhibition o citaracter that vas inre at then certain ly the play S a Succe SS: very scene is admirahit adapte to illustrat in the character of the actors. A claoliast remaric that ali the citaracter are
φαῖλοι except Pylades this is true i by φαυλος is naeant theantithesis to ideat for though non of the characterS, excepi possibi Pylades, at ideat, the are ali natura an real: eachios SeSses a distinc personalit in xvhich good an bad aretnixe a in ordinarycli se Helen is ain andieat iles a bottona, but Superficiali Syinpatheti an a perfeci ady Electra isto, a but arsit in her imore than imasculine strengili os vili: Menelaus is selfish and reacherotis, but his impulses are right; he is cind-hearie when it oes no intersere vitii his xvnconi sorino be hin&: Tyndarus is strictlybiust butiis Synapathie Sare linii te and he has no seel in sor the wretch vhona a god has delude into crinae. But the mos hunaan Character SOrestes in a ronient os insight e belleve that he Sax adiit vhicli transcende the ordinar laxus and involve the
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conredv but abolistincti ludicrou chiaracter algo trient in thepe Eule the precedin passa e xvliere the terrified p γ' Phrygian describes in relaxe an at linies qui te Aristophanicnaetre and rotesquel luxuriant langu age the nurder of hisi nistres by restes and falles the scholiaS reianaric on linei 369 that in iliis cene Euripides lias largo ite hina Sel anu urite uia orthily and this vovi be true is the ludicrous ei sectha no been intentional. V rna there re Conclude that these three Charactem: Sti CS, the absence of πίθος in the catastrophe, the implo Tnent os laepio chi est to illustrat cla aracter, and the preSenc os an intentionali conii elerrient, uould when talcen together pollthe Pla as a Semotis trage ly but are appropriate to an indeed the distinctive nark of thos tragedies os the econdar oriter viii claminae La procluc in sotia elli inimi serent Dona the trage lies Prope and naorem early alcin to the Ino ter dranam THE ATTITI DE T EURIPIDES TO VARD THE MYTH. The altitude os ille Greelis toruariis nuriter vas based onthei prinaaeva belles in the oui' furvival aster
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io inaget an howeve innocent in intention Tliis is theprimitive custona xv fin it existin in Honier an sincerit is
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thased on uperstition qui te alien to the Hornei icolisbelle in the solars activit aster death, it must hie assuine to have existe besore them ornem age. In Homeriit has becorne Sisai relaxed that the nurdere rana compotin d for his life by payin a fine to his victim' hindredi but his relaxation Inus no beregarde a si si ii of increasin humani ty it ari Ses sinat lysrona themor neri renunciatio of the prirnitive belles that thedeat ca seel and ac aster cath logicalty the whol law of blood venge ance liouae have been renounced vitii the belles o whicli it rested hi ut the old custorri vas o deepi roote lthat, vitii lais ne relaxation, it noui istae uni inpatre even intiae hostile alimo Sphere o Hona eri ideas.
a Sin, it enta ite lis disgrace, and the ensorce exile of thenaurderer va naeret the result of the private duit, 'vlaici botin lthe cingimen to kill hi iri is he renaained vitii in the ken os laede ad iii an 'S ho St. In historica itines, o the oster and we n the keenest sense of the pollution involvec in bloodsta ecl. laeimur terer i unde a curse and bring a cui se on ali Iransition
vitti vhona lae conae in contact even inaninacite primitive to
bein bring pollution nolae Stat unles Mected diuti h,emn iis boundaries. What cati sed illis chan Ieos vi exv xvii ether it vas os gradunt gro vili or due to the rapi clspread os sonae nex imissionar religion it scina possitae to .ay hut it is certa in that at soni period aster Honae old hielies in the o ver soli departe i spitiis, ,elies olbscure but notilestroyed hereve Holneri influences redona inate J, O vrevived vitia inci eas in I: Strength, and vere conat in ex vitii ne vand ear sui ina aginations concerning the uia seen influence hi, whicli the vitam are Surrounded a spiritual cras is ei Ied thorace nian et hi nascis bese on very Side', the powers of theni and the under vorid, and at ver turn innuinierable acts could bring pollution and place in at their aercy. Under ille innuenc os these ideas auriter gained a nexu
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Apollo the Purifier. The wrath of the offende spirat is nolonge eternali implacable the Stain o blood is no longerindelible.
τὰς του πατρο δε πως φύγω, παρεὶς τάδε;
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develops in to the Orestet os Stesichorus an Aeschylus, jus asthe si inple ota custor os exacti nil)lood sor blood developed in tollae Delphic reli :ion vitia iis dee per deas of udi an expiation.
But there the naylla Stops, ustille civiligation continue to progreSS: the ne v influences, whicli in the sphere os legeiaci produce the Oresteia, vent sarther in the Sphere os actio an iproduce notia eret ille Delphic rituat l,ut the Athenian lax os honaici de For this there is nomaythica Counterpari the dealhistor, has fidei belain tritae real in ima laa beconae imo rena ora than his o ls. The Delpiri religion a reflected in theria, ita, dic in deed regar the iatrici de S a crinae requii ingcxpiation sarcit vas an advanc on the Prinaitive vie v butat the sanae ita iecit de iii an dei the natricide a a sacre dui tolli dead, and therein it vas sar hieli in ille lax os the state vilicia allo vel no naatricide at all.
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In reat in a te en os his hinc based on a moralit aliento the current Sentiment an practice of the time, Attitude tra editi could do ne of tivo hin s ei ther lie
more enligiltene Delingis his o vniay. The forme is the Sual and the eaSier course : Dis solio vecth, Sophocles in the Electra and b Aeschylus in the
is folio vecto, Euripides in the Electra an me
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repties o ὁ τα λοιπὰ Λοξίου μαντέ υ τα ... a. παντας ἐχθροὐ των θεῶν hγοὐ πλέον, and Oreste an S vers κρίνω σε νικῶν, και παραινεῖς μοι καλῶς.
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god' command and the niatricide' obedience a re justitie l. Informae solio us Aeschulus an re produces the ou sundamentalideas of the Oresteia, the dilenima betaueen conflicting duties e ach