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the state of things hicli Agricola Mund there, cf. c. I hunc Britanniae
et velox c. i the readin is right faenitentiae hould probabi beconstrue wit velox, an mobili venio alien a ablative os cause. sa nitentiae in that caseris an instance of the Graecisin extensionis theobjective genitive, by Whichahe genitive came to expreS the area Mihinwhicli the qualit expressed by the adjective is limited a sage frequent in the Augusta poets, an in ProSe writer DomitVyinWardS, SPeciali so in Tacitus. fuisset musti supplied rom fuissent. et iterat NerisD the renewal of the orti, os conquering Britain. auxiliis the regular or sor foreig auxiliar troops rom the endo the Social ar. et rerum applies of course ni to the war in Britain. et fortunae fc Vespasiani probabi means his elevation to the imperialthrone. Some tali it to mean the successis the Roman armcin Britain unde Vespasian, that his succes at this time ted hi to continue theconques of thesisland when he hecam emperor. et faris it is a question hether his is dative or ablative, ut it Seems dissicultri attach an clear meaning to exhibite to destiny. Probablywhat . mean is that the future emperor a no potnted out by the lates to the Roman worid his conduci in Britain howed hi fit for
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maris c. plantin stron garrisons.' mare aliquid is notinly to strengthen omething, hut also to produce a strong Something, cf. c. 35 mediam aciem,rmare mali a Solin centre. The objec is prolepti as in such phrases S sontem, foedus &C. tun re. 1 term occasioni patefecit he lai ope his back to opportunity, m he exposed himself to attach in his rear. patefacere terra is a Tacitean Combination a alSo praebere, praestare teria but possibi borrowed Dommilitar language occasioni is condense for hostibus occasionem quaerentibuS.CHAPTER XV. 13 interpretan D by Suggestin motives.
16 accendere LSc. iniurias, to aggravate them, cf. Ann. I. 69 accendebat haec onerabatque Seianus.
tamquam theras of tamquam illi participies begins illi Livy. 17 ex facita the se of te, ex and the ablative os a subst o Substantivalneut adj. o participierio formin moda adverti is found in Cicero, and frequently in LiVy, .g. ea ambitio dicta Cicero), ex vano Livy3. The particular expreSSion ex facili is ni found in prose in Tacitus an in him ni here and Hist. m. 49.
I le atus . . frocuratori CL C. 7 l. 22.
et alterius the letatus. et vim et contumelias miscere mingle violence an insulis, m addinsulis to injurieS.' et exceptum exempte froni, the dative is the dative os person orthin suffering loss, regulari used aster adimo, an occasionali eSpeciali by the Augusta poets after ther verbs hich would more regulari require a repoSition illi the ablative, Suchis eripio, aufero,
extorqueo C. et Aomos CL Ann. XIV. I.
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spelling of the ame. sumpsere bellum sumere bellum, a phras forme o the analogyos sumere arma, is used by Sallust an Livy. coloniam Camelodunum. io in barbaris qualis an enhance the meaning os imus saevitiae, practiSed among known to barbarians. 'ii ira et victoria *wrath an victor combined' not hendiadys the two ideas areaepi distinct not simply the wrathis victorious enemies, 'or victorious wrath, is meant, ut, wrath long nursed no combinedwith victory. 'quos meret copulative as in quod mI et quam adverSative se of the relative, lut the sortune, c.' i tenentibus concessive, though many etaine thei armS.'i proprius personat. 'I cetera accusative of extent limitingis retius, generali excellent.'i ultor participia use of the subst. in Cicero preti nearly confinedio nouns in tor an trax, ut in Liv employed with an noun; avengingevery injur as his own, i. e. a.done to him. 'i igitur refers to tenentibus, c. It was et that another les pre-judice governor ould e belle suile to bring the rebellion to anend. Tacitus probabi has here in his indoliat e States Ann. XIV. 38 about the recalli Suetonius. tamquam here introduces the real no the apparent o pretended,
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ground of the missionis Turpilianus a late se of the word Compareth use aster suspicio and similar VerbS, Juv. LII. 222 SuSpectu tamquam isse suas incenderit aedes. 19 prioribus abi. o priora, the revious disturbances. Livy uses Deely the neut. l. o adjectives a Substantive in ther cases than thenom an accus. his ni limit ein intelligibility, cf. Livy, X. . . Cicero doe so occaSiOnalty. et nullis experimentis ablative os circumstance, practicali equivalentio an adjective 'inexperienced'; the plura experimenta milie abstracte erientia. et curandi administration, provinciam serves ἀπ κοινου as objec toboth verbs, though Ann. XI. et T. Ollowing the example of Sallustuses curo absolutely. ElSeWhere he has an accusative aster it. et a quoque as et a Romans.
et vitiis blandientibus dative casein by personificatiorem vitiis blandientium, 'humouring vices, being the vices of the Igatus ho humoured
et discordiaJ insubordination, cf. Ann. I. 38 III. o.
et latebris the plura expresses the changes homone hiding-place oanother; fui ac Lubris are ablatives of mean quali*in vitata ira, vitata ira, abi. o cause explaining indecorus an humilis, forsettingali respect and dignityi running away and hidin himself to avoid, &c.' et frecario, o susserance' Ch. an B.). lus c. andi a tacit understanding, by hicli the arm Secured licens and the generat protection, the mutin Wa brought to an endwithout loodshed, lit. asci the had argained the arm for license,
velutIm velut Si. et esset se notes o text. stelis, lit. stoo stili,' stopped. Cf. Anu. XII. et unde vis Agrippinae citra ultima stetit.
3o disciplina abi. di no ensorce discipline to distur Britalia, a
Ver CondenSed expreSSion. . means apparently that Vettius id notundertake any operations hicli ould have necessitate the ensorce-ment of discipline. 3 petulantia 'insubordination.' nisi quo the ni disserenceaeing, cf. c. 6 l. 9.innocensDis speciali associale with absence of rapacity.
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CHAPTER XVII. 12 5. reciperavit the or Seem tot suggeste by the distracteuconditio of the Roman empire hen Vespasian no Simpi received but reclaimed it rom the usurpers ho were Oing their est todestro it. magni J Sc fuerunt, s. c. 3 l. O. minus Dan instanc os . ' fondnes shared illi Livy sor uncom- pounde verbs minutus is hardi ever Sed by the writer exceptas an adjective. 6 Bri antium occupied the . and w ridings os ortistiire. aut victoria... aut bes he brought Within reach os lit encircled with conquest o war m he either conquere or harasse with war. 'ro alterius an other than Frontinus. curam c. C. ould have verwhelmed the wor an reputationos an other successor many ther man Succeedin Cerialis ould have found his or an reputatio thrown absolutet into theraliade. II FrontinusJ consul in A. D. 7 , a the author of two extant reatiges o the aqueducis of Rome and o militar tactios.1 quantum licebat these ord muSt apparenti qualis vir magnetts, and Tacitus probabi means that it a dissiculi to e great amon somany great men, Cf. magni duces bove. The word can hardi beintende so a nee at imperiat ealouSy sor VeSpaSian wa emperor at the time. 13 super in addition to, the meaning begins illi Livy. 1 eluctaturi strugglin Successsuli against, With an accuSative κατασειεσιω, as evado. CL LiVy, XXIV. 29, ac Hist. III. 59.
17 viceri turn or succession.' Such a the state of Britain that Agricola crosSing c. found such the wars to the conduci of whichie
18 velut c. considerin active operations for the ear tot at anend, expeditio is abstraci and general, no a particular expedition. I ad securitatem c. were incline tot caretess, the enem to seeli opportunit for attach. For the phras cf. Ann. XIV. 38 omni aetate ad belrum vena. et OrdovicumJ inhabite W Shropshire and N Wales.
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This active sense is reali due o hypallage by hicli an effect produce lis describe as a qualit of the hin producin it cf. caeco igni Verg.
et suspectaD suspected paris' i. e. tribes suspectedis intention to revolt. potius ' preserence, that S, ather thanaeginning a campaign. videbatur pregnant use i Seemed good 'it was the opinion.' et vexillis vexillarii an vexilla fra vexillarii in Tacitus seem to eused either I in a genera sense of an bod os soldier servin unde avexillum part Domin legion, hether elongin to the legion or not;
or et in a specia sense of veterans ho accordin to a regulation os Tiberius aster I years service ere discliarge froin the rank of the legion, ut ere retaine foro ear unde a vexillum, a Company-ing the legio in hicli the were formeri enrolled. The word has the firs signification here an is equivalent to the cattere numeri mentioned abOVe. 3 quoJ in final sense Without comparative occurs in Plautus, Terence and SalluSt.
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p. 13 3 ut &e. L naturally, considering the suddennes of his decision';
this is reali stior sor, ris is to e expecte in sudden determinationS,something was anting, in this case, hips. See note o text. rario 'generalfhip, constantia determination.'
17 spe abi equivalent to a participle, aras first employed in prosely
CHAPTER XIX. et a prudens with the genitive os special insight oranowledge, is quite a
classica uSe. et per aliena experimentaJay the resultis other men' experience, cf. C. 16 l. I.
et domumJ includes his lassand subordinates oscillainds. et nihil cic a re, an ellipse Mund in classica writers cf. Cic. sita .
2 7 libertos servosque a provincia governor ook ith him to his province, i a stat of superior ossicials includin the quaestor, gate, an lothers horassiste hi in the administratio of the province his T. A. 6
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bod was variouslymamed cohors, cohors praetoria, comites, contubernales an include some ouilis of high position, ho ad the advantage of servingrander the immediate SuperviSion os the general, cf. c. 5 l. 28. 23 sarisores a bod of subordinate ossicials attache to the cohors, Consistin os scribae, lictores, accensi, nomenclator , viatores Iabellarii, praecones, ullarii, victimarii, haruspices, medici, interpreIes, architecti. 3 A number o Deedine and Slaves, his own Private attendant and
studiis privatis personal Deling, namely, his own. et militesymen chosen ut of the rank to Serve among the asparitores.
ascire frequent in Tacitus, but elSewhere laundini in Vergit the
et omni Di. e. ali offences. 3 exsequi generali explainexas funire or ulcisci a sense os the unqualified verbio found elsewhere in Tacitus. I seem ratheroo have iis ordinar meaning of sollowingiui, Ataking up in a judiciat way, so prosecuting. Heane of verything, ut di not always tali ossicialnotice of What he knew.3 commodare to adapt pardon c.'m to ardon mali offences and
inflict proportionatet Severe puniShmenti great OneS.'32 contentus zeugma, he id not tway require c....but a more osten content C., 14 et frumenti probabi means the frumentum in e m the cornsupplied for the maintenance of the governor and hi retinue. tribulorum se on Germ. C. 29 l. 7. aequalitate munerum by equaligin the burdens. munerum is sed in a genera sense, includin the burdens just mentioned what Agricola seem to have done a to commute the cornpayment sor money payment in diStrict Where corn a Scarce. PreviouSty, a it Seems, the provincials had been compellexto bu cornseo the Roman to satis* thei demands. his purchaSin Wa a farce. The attende at the granaries equestinguo berulloweda pur
wanted ni t be aid ac to the Romans, an so the playe atbuyin and sellini ludere pretio), buyingrunnecessarii ultro), and acis implied, at a sanc price. circumcisis prunedlaway, an horticultural metaphor used by Cicero. namque C. the were compelle to go through the arce fallendin a granaries hicli ere neve opene to bu cor the didnot Want, and play at paying a price so it.'
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adsiderct s. Seneca g. famem sitimque derellas non est necesse Superbis adsidere liminibus. 5 ult Di.e to do a thing the would naturali be expecte notrio do, actualty to bu corn hen the di not an it, L Liv Ι. 5 ultro accusantes of theirigand who actualty accused Romulus and Remus.
ostensibi a the rice of the corn a reatly paymen incite o corn. Tacitus a possibi mean to impi as et in Iudere that theorice asa playsul or lanc one, ut his is sufficienti implied in the whole passage. It would e hardi necessar to a that the governors hopractised his trich would charge exorbitanti so the cor supplied. devortia another mode os extortion the provincials h could Suppi cor Were needleSSi require to conve it long distances to ut of the way districis. O voi this, the would of course preserno Payblachmai to the governor. devortia i inerum longinqui a re tonum out os the way oute and districis miles away, cf. Germ. C. I l. 5.8 quod &c. J what was ready at han to ali si .e. What was 11 the Potan could have been furnishe directi Without troubie or expenSe WaSmade a mean os gain to a sew.'CHAPTER XX. II circumdeditJ a frequent metaphor illi Tacitus, perhaps an imitationos περιβάλλειν, he investedieace illi an excellent name.'intoleranti arrogance, lit insufferableness' the wor is alwayspassive in classica Latin and apparenti So here. I 3 multus in This diom, probabi borrowed rom Greela, egins in prose illi Sallust was constanti to e see marchin Wit the
I5 meumstareJ a poeti and late prose Ord. I quo minus here introduces a negative moda subordinate sentence, whicli ould regulari require quin, ut Tacitu Constantly Se quominus sor quin an vice vena.
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laudando the modalisse of the gerund in hicli Dis reali equivalent to a present participle; requent in Livy, ut rare besore him. et castigianae, o verba chastiSement, reprimanding, so chastise is used in the orth of England. ita c. thus the emulous destre so distinctio angwere the purpOSe of comput Sion,' .e. Agricola excite sussicient destre sor his approva in the ind of the provincial to obviat the necessit soractua compulSion. et iam ver, cf. C. , I. 7. et erudireJ Sc. Agricolayra erudiendos curare.
in enia e L expresse preserencessor British wit over Gallic study,' i. e. he attere an encourage the ritisti by telling them that theycould do by natural abilit what required ploddin industr in the Gauis, and could do it better.
32 delenimenta vitiorum the charm os victous luxuries. 33 eleg tantiam cs Germ. C. I l. 5.
annus aperuit the personification o annus occurs in Cicero and Livy, and is frequent in Tacitus.7 Tanaum this estuar cannot be identified. The Tay Taus is areadin heres und in the marginis, MX. is ut of the question Themouth of the Tyne has been suggested, ut it could hardi be called an
qua formidinebra quarum vastationimi formidine accordinito the