The Prayer Book Of Aedeluald the bishop, commonly called the Book of Cerne;

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o objoct of this Noto ' is to onquire Whether tho prvors containod in tho Book of Cemsinoes ovidenoe os familiariu on the pari. of tho writers With the Early Latin liturgical documenta, andio ascertain With Which particular books, or mith Which group or Moupa, os auch bookn tho writernmay have been particularly conversant. That inch enquio is to me a possibio tain is fidit otali duo to tho Editor, Dom Κuypera, Who placod in my handa a completo concordanco to the

Such Ming the objoci it is noce ary to promiso that tho invostigation of tho liturgical Murcea Ot 'vere os private devotion, auch aro found in inme, must pro ed on conaiderationa distincthom inoso determining the investigation of the uoumea es a mediaevia chronicio, or even os a formia Sacramentary. Ιt ia true that in a prvor a texi, or fragment os texi, may aometimea Mcopied verbialy Dom a lituro, just M the texi os an earlier chronicior is borro od is a laterono. But, even so, the cano os liturgicia borroWing is complicated by that manio sana como domi chor k la Liturgio' With which Dom Gu6ranger nomeWhere reproaches his selloW-countvmenes modorn timea. In that earlior period which alono ia in quoation here, thia particular mant 'in stat soroo, Was a generia characteristic. Μomover tho modo os quoting and adoptim is difforent: tho modi via annaliut chronicier ia laund to copy the pMaages of the earlier Writer juat aathoy stand in tho book lying opon bolam him; in the case of the composer os a prver sor privato uae, tho familiar Worda os a Lituro aro recalled by momory M thv are held in tho heari; thoyaro used almoat unconscio ου, and the originia is modified or ita thought ad ted undor atrosa o tho current of pereonia laesing at tho moment. Tho Engliis Biblo, or the Book of Common rivis, is an example Which may Ap al to experienoe; at timea the old familiar phraseolora amoris itaol

more dissiculi to reser With cortainty the worda of privato devotiona, liri thoso in Cem to thoi piration os liturgical texta, than it is to identisy their Murco in Holy Scriptum. In tho lauercaas, in apito of different versiona, it may bo aaid With substantiat truth that tho resoronoe is lotho fixod texi os a dotalis volumo; in tho caso of Liturgim inch as the oartiost extant matern booka, whero different Prvera re at tho fame thought in variod forma, according to tho sancy of succo ive operatore in atylΘ exerci sed at any stam os suo salve revisiona, it in eau to go Misayin the a imment Or augmalion Of Aoum . In any particular caso thoro may be tho iam tmom sor mamnablo differetice of opinion. Tho boat promise of arriring at a uound j mment indoiaing With individual inniancea, liea in t ing account of externia circumstancea, of historicia, uomotimes ΘVen political, connexiona, Which may mcommend a inae of borroWing M anto dently probabis ratis r Dom this quarter than Dom that; and, furthon in tho confirmation which maybo derivod on ascertaining Whether particular forma os expression, or even a single vi Somea ciat synonym, may not characterim a definito liturgical group. But perhaps tho bost securiusor such right j mmont mill bo sound to lio in tho conviction that, after ino bost offorta, thor ulta in Any particular cane are to l ked on M only tentativo; and that Mauranoe me amon tho right trach in to M allomod to grow oesy on finding that in inae aster o o the resulta consistently Imini in a given direction. In rogard to tho uno actually made by the writer of any Wayer in ome of any particularono of the Mois of early Wossem laturo nom extant, another consideration has to rno inmiDd Ι , sor instance, innity can M ahewn bet oen a prvor in cima and a mam in san themasiae Gothieti tho moat important, or considerabis, of tho Gallican mana-books t ia nos to bostraiotWay concludod that a copy of tho mana-book Which wo cali by that namo was known fotho Writor of the prvor; the coincidonoe may mean no more than that thia particular ma it might ovon bo, this particular prvorin os tho M. Goth. Waa known to his, but in What

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NOTES.

aurmundinga, in What nori os colloction, Whethor Gallican, Irish, or What nos, it may be pomiblo noW to sar At thia piant a furinor consideration comes into play. Tahing the early Roman ' and Gallican booka which aro in Our handa, a distinction in to bo Mawn botmoentho tWo clamos. Though oach book of the latior clam containa moro or lam mattor common toothors, no ono book can taken as representing a norm os Gallican mam-book; momoVor, Ibolisvo that thero is nothing Which Will on to the investigator, utor hoWovor pationi an Oxaminationos ino oriant texta, to diacovis binind thola variations, and to reco truci, a fixod standard Gallicanma -book that has Mon lost. I bellove indeod that no such standard book ovis Oxiatod in Franklinianda untii Chartea tho Great introduced tho Gregorianum; and that thoro Maa in France tho Sameae o M liturgical hoodom undor tho Μororingian kinD, in tho novonth and eighth centurios, asin tho aevont tith and oightoonin undis Lotas XIV and Lotan XV. Mi inis Waa in accordan not moroly Min the dictatos os externia circumnian a, but much moro With tho very naturo ostho Franco-Gallic opto itast . The caso ia difforent When we turn to the Roman booka. Although in tho earliost typo of Gelasianum known to tho Vatican manuscript oditod is Tommani, audiatob, With elaborate and convenient apparatua, by Η. Α. Wilaon) tho ordor of tho Roman originalis disturbod and ita contonia aro dismombored by tho intrusion os soroim ε.s. Gallican) elementa , Whilo tho lator eighth centuu) roconsion a Franc Gallic mor is in ita variova manuscripta revinod and brought up to date is excisiona, and rem euiny, With additiona and renoWal moatly by aid of tho Gregorianum, stili no ono can fati to recognim that Mhind ali ino extant man cripta

of tho Gelassanum thero standa a fixod, regular, and ore in book, Which haa Meu mediated orimmediatoly the Maia os Mory form extant, and la the original Getasianum Onco in uae in Rome . Thero is no neod to au that thia is also truo of tho Gregorianum in ita variova forma; though in tho case of tho Gregorianum Wo have oaaior and mors cortian misana of recognicing the genuine original. That ait this, again, ahould M ao; that, Whon codification of tho accumulatod mam os vari leahad como to bo tho ordor of tho My, tho Roman liturgical documenta ahould be thus ordoredand ειω ao M to proaent a single standard book sor generat uae and observano' ia aa naturala liturgical Phenomenon in tho cano es Rome M tho opposito is natural in tho inae of tho Franklin

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λ Merritamenta svneerae pietatis ...per Georgium Uineelium seniorem edita sMoguntiae, apud Franoiaeum

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NOTES. 237

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of tho compiter; and it is uncortain sor tho present at linat whothor either can M ao rogarded. FOrthia reamn among othora I have almost Entiroly re minod Dom mahing uas of the prosam although the presenco of any particular prosaco in both collectiona rataea a presumption in ita favour. The Samo romarha apply to tho Benodictions coli. 362 80.

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NOTES.

aro infiniterimat. So far tho Roman books are concernod, M Maring on tho origin and dato of the prvom

stantialty eorreot.

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beatorum Spirituum. . XXIX, p. 126. 17-19: Ut suscipiant animam meam in nouissimo dio et perducant Oam adam mitatem Hra iri.

I do not find amoenitas paradisi '' in tho Gallican booka; nor in Leon. t: paradisi felicit ' p. 23. 29, 150. 25, 161. 25ὶ, - ., or Greg. paradisi felicit ' o. 89 Dom Leon. 23. 29 ;nor in Boiae ., Mowe, or other Irish liturgical romiana.-On the other hand tho ox omion iammmon in Moa.: ainuo in amouitate paradisi jocundaturos inducere p. II. 75; fruatur paradisi amenitate 458. 50; ac paradisi tui amonitate sum juboan confoveri 459. 60 I; illum paradisi amenitate consovoat 461. 101-2 os 464. 96 7; cum omnibus sanctis illi gloriontur in paradisi amonitato 464. 23 24. Κindred expressiona in Mon: ad beate aedis amonitatem tendentem p. 25. 9 7 ; functorum animo amonitate foveantur in dulcedine beatudinia M. 71-72; eterne quietia amenitatibus refovo 122. 94; M. fidei. defuncti in amonitato simul et muneris jocunditato a tollo 203. 3 31; conserat) do unctis monitatis eterno quietem 383. 87- 88.-Ιt occum Onco in Suppl. Grem: animam famuli tui) collocare inter tamina sanctorum tuorum dignoris et paradisi amoenitate confoveri jubeas c. 215; tho prvor in Suppl. μου. Dom Which thia extraot is inhon appeam M a post nomina' prvor in Mor. 459. 52-62. Soo No. 7 paradisi suavitas. ri. I, p. 81. 4-6: cherubin atque seraphin intercedite pro me qui cotidio, anto thronum gloria' se ea aetemo deo sine fine ooncinnam dicentea Sanctus Sanctus. M .: Tibi cherubin ac sera in Aenarum volatus atridore alarum eterno laudia trigemina concinentes incessabili voce canticum laudia exsolvunt ita dicentos, Sanctua, etc. p. 74. 30 4; cum chorubin hymnum cantici novi concinnunt laudant atque dicentes, Sanctua, etc. 12. 43 4 cf. Tibi canticum novum sino cessatione concinunt angeli Lame lauso S. A mali in Irita Liber symmorum Ι, 141. 137 .-λι .: angelicao concinunt potestatos hymnum gloriae tuae sine fine dicentes, Sanctus, etc. I 45 es. μου. c. 90, 9I gloriae tuae concinunt ').-mbiens. : laudes tibi cum angelis concinunt dicentes Sanctus p. 351. So in Gall. 365, Bobiens. 326; and With the substitution o aupomae V sor angeliino Vi also in Goth. 208, 268. Gall. 370, mriens. 297.

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NOTES.

a Roman sormulis. ri. I, p. 82. 1 18 : quorum Omnium quisesumus meritis precibuoque comoede vi in omnibus m racsionia ruma municimur auxilio. o soMnoto in Me. Tho Golaaian sorm et omnium sanctorum tuorum quorum meritis precibusquo concedaa ut in omnibus protectionis tuaε muniamur auxilio ) ia re Mod in Greg. c. 3,

merear omnium miminum ad quorum contaminationes etc.

Supplication for indulgontia criminum' or criminis,' Whothor on binals of tho living or thedoad, is common in MOR: M. 6 65, 82. 106, 97. 88, 148. 70, 171. 24-26, 192. 93, 197. 5, 248. 46, 290. 7-8, 376. 37, 409. 4 , 4I9. 22, 446. 13, 454. 99, 46I. 106; es. 46I. 43 Deus. . . indultor omnium criminum.-ωα.: Ρα cujus nativitatem indulgentia criminum con ditur p. 18s; nobisquo indignia...criminum indulgentiam placatua con dia p. 261 mana in Inventione S. Crucis . Bohiama. p. 289 aa Goth. p. 189.-I hmo nos Mon ablo to find tho Oxpression in tho throo Roman booka Leon., ωλα, Greg. From Can. 7 of the Fourth Councit of Tolodo 633ὶ it movid appoarthat indulgentia criminum' had Moomo a technicia term for ono of tho throe olemonis of the rvico sor Good Fridu in S in in Mos. 167. 24 sntillod pro indulgentia ): vis. tho proaching of tho pamion seo Liber comi a Q. Morin, π. 162 169 ; tho indulgentia criminum ossi . 171. 22-172. 51 ; and the mysterium crucis,' the prver of Whic Will bo Mon ΝΟ. 28 infra, is incorporaled in Wayer XIX of Crens. θὶ Ρr. III, p. 84. 12 re Med Pr. LII, p. 162. d): ad preerinis paradisi peruenire suauitatem. Pr. XVI, p. 107. 1 19: Ubi Poculum purum uitae momnia plenum. m. XXX, p. 128. 4 re Med ri. LXIX, p. 164. 4): et tenebras cordia mei lumino tuao claritatis

inlustra Wrenne. o sartiost Oxtant formula sor communion in Iriis litur cal documonta mada: Η ...aumite

vobis in vitam perennom ' Ant. of Bangor ΙΙ, ΝΟ. II 2; ao too St Gali M 1394, W. p. 178; os communion hymn in Ant. U Bangor, Π, No. 8. ix vitae perennia largitor crodentibus. Othor Irish formulae sor communion: Book of Dein and Book of Dimma W. p. 164, 170 in vitam perpetuam'; Book of Augssing W. Ρ. I73 and Μ lcaich, the lator interpolator of Sω- '. p. 243, M. p. 222ὶ, in Vitam oternam. he original lam os communion in βω- is no longor oriant; but a rivor for the visitation of the sicli R. p. 222; alao in Book of Dimma, W. p. 1683roada ot perpnnis vitae tribue gratiam '; the sormula sor ino commixtio rhaps Moolciach in Sto- W. p. 242, Μ. p. 221 haa in vitam perpetuam. The oartiost extant Roman forma sor

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Mon: peron a grati ' 21. 96; rennia gratio tuorum 31. 28; sona perennis' m. Iob; perenni devotione 82. 3; cibi perennia 91. 103; sona vito perennia Joau filius mi Patria 97. 94: collatio vito perennis 103. 3I ; ipse perennis 126. 59; in perennem memoriam 178. 26; Perenni jubilatione 262. 55; Deus perennis pax 278. 8b; Perennis glorio 279. 22; coli perenne lacium 286. 38; petentea a Deo perenne auxilium 288. 100; perenni gaudio 32I. I9; verbi perennia 335. 15; amicti stolia perennibus 400. 54; Deus perennia salus 404. 66; Perennem gloriam 406. M. erennalia gratio 307. 19.- perenniter': 28. 6, 28. 42, 66. 62, 80. 5, 203. 17, 206. 23, 212. 60, 212. 73, 270. 54, 318. 15, 366. 88, 362. 64, 366. 73, 383. 99, 397. 79.- perenniua ': 362. 92. perenniisa': gloriosa perennitate 40. 41; et perennitatis tuo a nobis elamitas requiratur 172. 26; Domini perennitatem 206. 77; perennitatis nobis felicitatem tribuo 288. 76 soth. : Perennis salus P. 196 Same prvor an Mos. 404. 66ὶ ; perennem dulcedinem p. 213; perennia aeri beatitudinem p. 224; Perenne lumen p. 243; sacrificii perennia p. 297; perennitalom

laudia p. 254; perennitatem vitae auao p. 23.--ἐL: liber Vitae Perennia aperitur p. 336; p. 3bsaa Goth. p. 243; exorcidio is sona mune Perennis P. 362.-Μni'a fragments Hammond, Lavrgias Matern and matrem p. lxxxii): Patrocinii Perennis auxilium.-mbis .: ut in praesenti protoctionem et in futuro poronnia vitae stipendia oonsequi mereamur P. 32I ; ad perennem memoriam fmmLeon. 1. 1 12 etc. p. 346; perenne jubilatione conlaudant dicentes Sanctua p. 376 ; bonodicatur nodictione Perenni p. 390. On.: quos insignes cons Borum tuorum et martyrum Piamne insignea tuorum martyrum palmas 2. 25 ad perennem memoriam sollemnemquo laetitiam fidelibus populis a ravorunt p. I. 10 12, 2. 25-26, 17. 2 30; Benedic Domine et Ma tum creaturas sontia mollia et lactis ot pota famulos tuos ox hoc sonis aquae Vitae Perennis qui mi spiritua Veritatis p. 25. 6-7. Fromp. 3. I 2, 16-20, 24-26 it appeara that conlamorea' in the fidit of tho imo formulAs justcitod meana aianis Who vero not martyra. In remes to the second sormula tho giring of missi and honoy to tho nowly baptigod is not Minensed to is authentio documenta M a genuino and nativo practice of tho Roman Church. I do not Mah to suggeat that the formulas in Leon. more not writton in Romo, but cali attention to the uno of perennis' in them M otio os anumbar os casea in Which expressiona common in Mor. and absent sim lator Roman forma ars sound in Leon. Gel .: aervi Dei gratiaa perenni Deo reserant SemPor I 33; sed Perenni timoro, continua

be a more doubista inae. vita perpetua' in Ceme: Wayer x p. 96. 6, pr. XXII p. 120. 14. perennis, perfnniter V are also common in the Libellus orationum Gothieo-Hispanus; perfnnitas V p. 128.