장음표시 사용
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THE BINDERWill place the Plate opposite the Explanationat the end of the Book.
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rienee to be useful attendants upon former editions of the London Pharmacopoeia, both sorthe purpose of facilitating and extending an acquaintaiace With iis processes, and of Conveying additional information iapon many pOinis whicli are not considerest in the brevity of the original Work. That of the year 1745 was thus given to the public by Dr. Ρemberton, that ofI787 by Dr. Healde, and the President and Committee have done me the favour to delegate the present edition to me. I purpOSe, theres ore, as a preface to this part of the Work,
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PREFACEcompiling it, and the generat alterations whicli it
has been judged proper to mahe ; and also to eX-plain the additionat matter Whicli I have introduced under the form Of ΝOtes. The sirst Pharmacopoeia, whicli is recordedio have received the Stamp of any publicauthori ty, Was that of Valerius Cordus, SanCtioned by the senate of Nuremberg in l542; Since Whicli time, ora account of the facilitios and advantages they assord in the practice of medicine, they have been largoly multiplied in ali the countries of Europe. The Charteros Henry VIII. whicli first incorporaled the London College of Physicians, bears date in l5l9, and they published their first Pharmacopoeia in l618. Since that period vario usrevisions have taken place in the following
Edimus jam Secundo partu, Secundo magis eventu, Pharmacopoeiam Londinenseria. Nos sinquam, edimus, nam priorem illam informem, deformem, festinans typographus dicemus edidit Z immo verius protrusit in lucem. Sicut calore estuans jeCur, Crudum adhuc alimentum avida quadam fame rapit a ventriculo : Sic ille e manibus nostris hoc opusculum adhuc impolitum surripuit, inconsulto, immo tunc
absente Praeside et procul ab urbe avocato, qui illi limando, poliendoque potissimum invigilavit. Qui post reditum indigne iereus illud tot mendis & erroribus conspurcatum, tot detrun-
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J650,-l677, - 172λ-I 45,-178 whichliave successively contributed to the improvenient of Pharmacy, and have accommodated it tothe progress of generat science. ΝOr will those Who consider the vast increase Ofour linowledge in practical medicine, chemistry, and botany, within the last twenty years, thinh that the College has been hasty in determining upon another revision at the present period. Neither pharma-Cy, nor any other branch of human knowledge,
ed to attain perfection; this edition, therefore, lihe iis predecessors, must hereas ter gi Ve Wayin iis turn, although the College have hoped, that, by associating it more With the collatera
Sciences, the changes whicli time will heroastorrender nece88ary, may have a Chance of bein gless mari ed and violent, than thoso which thepresent and last editions have Seemed to require. Tho College determined iapon the presentwork at their Comitia majora on September SO,I8Ο5, and then delegated the prosecution os itto an open committee of the FelloWs, Who Commenced their meetings in January I 806, and
catis et deperditis membris mutilum et mancum, in publicum prorepsisse, Convocatis ad Se Collegis, totum opus qua potuit diligentia ad incudem denuo revocavit; secundamque editionem maturaVit: quae nunc demum in lucem prodit a mendis purior, remediis locupletior: quae et faelicior est futura, si illam candor tuus et frons benigna cohoneStent. Dec. 7, l6l 8.
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PREFACEliave proceeded regularly, With intervals during three of the summer monilis, to the present time, in the following order. Considering in the first place the Pharmacopoeia os l787, theywere destrous of obtaining the opinions of the profession at large, as weli as of the individualswho attended the Committee, reSpecting anychanges whicli might be thought necessary there-in, in order that they might have besore themthe most generat and Comprehensive view of the subject in discussion; and for this pur- pose they stated their intention to every member of the College, and to the Royal College
of Surgeons, and Society of Apothecaries, and caused it to be generalty understood that theyshould thani fully receive suggestions from any other individuals, Who mere practicatly Conversant With the subjeci. In Consequence of these requests, they did
which were arranged and considerest under their proper heads. Their neXt care Was to estabiisti certain generat principies, and then to considerand discuss the whole Pharmacopoeia, article
macopoeias, edited by the Royal Colleges of Edin-
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burgh and Dublin. They also est lished, ashad been done in a former instanee, a most important intercoiarse with the society of Apothe-Caries, Who appotnted a committee froni theirbody for the pui pose of Co-operating, in theuse of their eXtensive laboratory, and in bring-ing to the test of that sori os eXperiment upona large scale, Whieli could alono render the suggestions os science practicatly usefui, theseverat processes Which were communicated by the College. As ter having made various alteratiotis, the Committee went a second time through the hole, under What appeared to them to bo amore convenient anil scientisc modo os ar-rangement than that of the editions of 1787 and I 45, and then printed a Specimen, containing the result of their en quiries. This first Specimen was distributed at the end of April, ISOS, to ea chos their Own members, and also to others Who hadeither interested thenaseives in the furtherance of the Work, or Were thought weli qualised togive an opinion upon it, and it Was made publicin eVery possibie Way, With a request that the eo-pies thus distributed and any rem artis thereon,
there Was also reason to complain that some
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PREFACEtheir contenis mere very unsairly incorpora tedas the neW London Pharmacopoeia, With Somepublications of the day. Μany, hoWeVer, Ofthose who did comply with the wish of the College, and return their copies, had examin edthe contenis With that geat for the adVanCement of their prosession whicli it was the wishof the committee to excite, and the annotations Were Consequently both numerous and valvabie.
It seemed that for the purpose of examining, arranging, and determining Upon these commu-πι nications the fixed attention of a smaller numberinan had usualty composed the generat Committoe Would be preserabie. This part of the workwas therefore given to a sub-Committee of four of the Fellows only, Who were authoriged toprepare a second Specimen, With such alterations of the former as might be further suggested by the subjeci itself, considered as a Whole, as Wellas by the observations Uhich had been received. This specimen having been firsi submitted to, and approved by the generat Committee, WaS' circulated among the Fellows resident in London only, and it Was again requested that thespecimens Ahould be returned, and the formersub-committee again undertook the task of ex amining such remarks as might be offered there-upon. The final report was made to the Collegeat the Comitia majora, held Marcii 25, l809,
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which Was adopted, and the PharmaCopoeia thus completed was ordered to be published accord- ingly. The superintendance of the publica tionwas committed to the Ρresident, Treasurer, and four of the Fellows, and the work is now bes ore
The objects of a Pharmacopoeia seem to be, to direct what simple medicinal substances ought to be found in the shops of Apothecaries, and to describe such preparationS or Compositions of these, as cannot be made Without longilios time, yet are os teri Wanted for immediate use,
and therofore ought to be kept in readiness; and this laiter division mill of course require, that thearticles directed should not undergo any change Or alteration in their composition, is hept for areason able tength of time. Thoro is stili athird class of preparations, Which belong ra-ther to eXtemporaneous prescription, Whi Chrequire to be made at the time, and On the OC-casion sor whicli they are Wanted, and the introduction of whicli into a PharmaCopoeia is ra-ther a matter of convenience than os positivΡ
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PREFACEand presei red by disserent individuals, have varied extremely according to the fashion of theday, and multiplied almost to infinity. The di
extent is sanctioned by use; it facilitates very considerably the busin ess of prescription, itfXes also a Certain standard of proportioris Whicli is convenient in professional interCoul Se, and it has, sor these reasonS, been rather CX-
practice tapon the Continent for disserent Pharmacopoeias to be Compiled by different universities, and authorige d within the jurisdiction ofalmost every disserent state; although the samo practice has prevalled in these Lingiloms, and tho Colleges of Physicians of London, Dublin, and Edilaburgh, have eaCh issued ΡharmaCO-poeias for the ti se of their respeetive Lingdonas, the two former of Which have been ensor ed by Royal Proclamations; 3 et in the intercoiarse an lunion Which now sub sis belween these Ling- donis, it is to be lamented that a genera Pharmacopoeia Britannica is not established, asone Common dictionary, to whieli practitioners throughout the whole empire may uniformiyrefer With Considonee, and withous the Chance of mista se either in the name of an articie Orthe mode of iis preparation. In the execution