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226. Yet this does not preveni us Dom perceiving, sol ely by the intuitive faculty of the mind, that such a fluid, although it
be the firsi substance of the body, nevertheless derives iis beingsrom a stili higher substance, and proximately Dom those things in the universe on Whicli the principies of natural things are impressed by the Dei ty, and in Whicli, ut the sume time, the most perseet forces of nature are involved. Hence that it is tho formos forins in the body, and the formative substance, that draWAtho thread Dom the sirst living potnt, and continues it aster-wards to the last potnt of life; and so connecis one thing Withanother, and SO conserves and goverus it asterWards, that allthings mutuatly follo euch other, und the posterior reser them-selves to the prior, and the whole With the paris, the universat With the singulars, by a Wondersul sub Ordination and coordination, refers uself to this prime form and substance, upon Which
227. I et this Ges not preveni us 'om perceiving, 80kly by the intuitive faculty of the minit, that sueh a suid, although it bethe 'st substance of the bo , nevertheless derives iis belu Doma stili higher substance, and proximately from those thinos in the universe on which the principies of natural thinos ure impressed by the Deity, and in which, at the fame time, the most perfect Drces of nature are involved. The intuition of the foui, Whicli is like
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that ordor. The case Would be OthorWise, is We could supposethe universe to be an assemblage of universales; that is to Say, is Ue could suppose iis substances and successive Series of Sub Stanees, independent in their existence and subsistence of thesrsi substance of the World; for then the constet, discordanee, and Stri se among SO many independent universals, Would obligeus, in Order to reconcile them, to be perpetuatly resorting be-yond the bound 8 of nature, to Some miraculous interposition ofOmnipotetice. In these vieWs the mitid is confirmed by various arguments of probability Whicli occur to it. It sinus, forinstatico, that this suid is enclosed With in the body, and circumscribed by the spaces of the hody; that it Leops Within fibres, whicli are in generat the essentiat determinations of iis volume ;
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Wheneo tho form os tho vhole; that a large volume of it may boseon by the nid of the microscope; that it excites the motivo fibres and generat muscle of iis body into palpabie motions ; thatit sussors itself to bo modi fiod just liue the auras of the World; and to copulate With corpuscules of another Liud, and thus toenter the blood and the vesseis Ρari I., Π. 37-102); that by ahigh process it is conceived Within, and eXcluded DOm, the eX-quisitely sine Wombs of the cortical substance fari II., n. 165-168); that the mutability of iis state is the perfection of iis nature n. 312-316); With many other particulars noticed in
both Our faris, and the ultimate causes of Whicli are to besought in this substance. Henco, in relation to iis body, it is a substance Whicli forms ; but in relation to the prior universe, itis a substance Whieli is formud; and this, by the substance in Whicli there are the most persect forces Os nature; con SeqUently, by that bellor ether Whicli the ancients called the celestiat aura.
228. Hen e that it is the form os fornis in the body. The
forna of the paris of this suid resulis, as We have just sheWn, froin the essentiat determinations of the first aura; hetice thehigh pori ors involvod in the aura, aro transferrest into this suidas iis ompring : ulso this, that it can play the srst part in any series of Organio Substances in any body, just as the aura plays the sirst part in iis oWn Worid, or grent System : Wherelare
the formor auis in the microcosm in the Sume manner as thelalter acts in the macrocosm: thus it sollows, that both the oneaud the other is a formal, forming, or informing cause, as it is vario usty called; that is to say, it is the formative substance Ofati tho posterior or inferior things in iis universe Or Lingdom.
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Τhus the lungs arisu astor tho heari, the heari aster the spinalmarro' the spinal marrow aster the brain, the brain after theindividual substance of the cortex, and the corteX after iis OWn parent, and the commoti parent of ait, or that purest fluid Whichis the first in the ordor of things successive; for there is no real
producing as it does Such Wonderfui effecis, must involve a nature, that is to say, a poWer and force of acting in one peculiaraud distinctivo maniter. Is it be said that it is some higher naturo implanted in the fluid, to Which, as to iis sirst principie, this suid is subservient as an instrumental cause; stili, Which-evor it be, it is manifest that We must suarch sor it in this fluid, and consequently in the form of this fluid. Thus it follows that such a fluid is the form of the organic forms of iis body. Ρari II., n. 191-196.) Τhis form, soWing Dom the determinations
Os iis matter, Or DOm essentinis, is a substantini form; Dom this resulis the form of iis forces and modifications, or, to Speali more universally, Of iis accidents. Ρari II., n. 223 ; I., n. 619623.) Τhus this fluid, in relation to the organic substanees Osits body, and to the modifications of iis substances, is the sorm offorms. But, not to dWeli upon terms too universat perhaps forordinary comprehension, We Shali proceed to demonstrate in What folioWs the manner in Whicli this suid assigns thoir formio the organic paris, and to the modes of the animal bou procedding DOm them.
229. And the formative substance, that haws the threudfromthe strat living soint, and continues it afte ards to the lusi potntos life Pari I., Π. 253); and so connecis one thino with another,
and so conserves and foverns it a flerwarri, that ali thinos mutu-alty follato euch other, and the posterior refer themselves to the prior, and the whole with the paris, the universat with the singular' by a roonderful Subordination and coordination, refers isset to this prime form and substance, uson which ali thius depen
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thino emisis in iis oron distinctive manne r. The firsi substance of every series is iis most simple Substance, Whicli rei gns throughthe entire individual series. Ρari I., Π. 594.) And Dom this firsi substance, and according to iis nature, proceed ali thingsthat are seon determined in the entire series. Ibid., Π. 595.)And Dom this substance, by order of Succession, through con-joining mediates, more compotand substances are derived, thataci as iis vicegerenis in the ultimates of the series. Ibid., n. 596.) Αnd in this Way the bodily system is constructed, in Whichone thing is so subordinated to and coordinated With another, that ali things are mutuat correlatives and interdependenis Ibid., n. 608) ; so that Whatever os mutability there be in com-
dered consciolis of it. Ibid., 11. 609.) And Whateuer is determined tuto aci, is essected by the simpler substances either determining, Or concurring, or consenting Ibid., Π. 610) ; auditiis according to a natural order, Dom the loWer to the proxi- mately higher, or hom the higher to the proximately loWer; but not Dom tho highest to the loWest, except through the intermediates. Vbid., Π. 6II.) Is ait these positions be correct, the inevitabIe consequence Will be, that this sirsi substance is that through Whicli, and sor Whicli, posterior things exist in their oWn peculiar and distinctive manner. 230. Thus Wo deduce the faci, that the corporeat system is derived continuously, ns it Were by the regular descent of this suid into iis series and forms. But that the system ttself exisis for the sake of this suid, this, as it is a matter pertaining to a Wider seld of use, cannot so Weli bo obtained in the Way os
one Will not thinii that it can be so, although he admits the ove chain of reasoning : Wherelare arguments, arranged in the forin os a series, Will either diffuse the mitid over the Wholeos possibi e linoWledge, or et se involve it in a dilemma, Domwhicli it Will not know hoW to extricatu itself but by giving abliud assent to ali particulars. But that the inferior organictextures exist soleb for the sine of their firsi substance orspirituous suid, is more manifest Dom examples than Domprincipies. Τhus the ear is not formed merely sor the pur- pose of hearing, but sor referring What it hears to an ulterior
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sor the salie of boing put in motion, but to reser itself to the Will, Whose servant it is; thus also the Will, Whicli is the conclusion of the judgment, refers itfelf to the intelleci, and thointellect to the foui; Wherofore action is regarded Dom the Will, the will Dom rationat reflection, and finalty Dom the determining principio os reason. Τhus the Sout is the principat cause, andali things that folioW in order to the ultimate effect are iis vice- gerenis and instrumentals. Thus then ali things in the organicbody aro formed in relation to this iis suid, and are so susitionedio the imago of iis operations, as to tine On themselves modes, Rud Operate forces, in a manner adapted to the forms of thonature of the universe. Whateuer is prior, and capable of OX-
isting and subsisting Without the posterior. does not exist anil subsist for the salie os iis posterior; but is the prior producethe posterior, it is for the salie os a uso, Whicli it applies to itself by the mediation of the posterior. A similar law prevatis in allthings; for We everyWhere et se find a like chain os subordination ; nay, even in the soritis of goveriimenis, for the Ling is ut in g, for the salie of laW and Order in Society, Whicli are prior in right, although nos alWays in laci. Thus en is always a8cend
III. 23 I. But as this most pure fluid, or supereminent blood, has acquired iis form Do in the sirsi substances of the worid, itcan by no means be salii to live, much less to Dei, perceive, underStand, or regard end8; sor nature, considered in iiself, is dead, and only serves life as an instrumental cause; thus iS Rl
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principio of lise, and seeli it froni the First Esse or Dei ty of tho
contemptates nothing abstracted hom matter. It is a self- evident truth, needing no argument derived Dom probabilities, that matter, or any pari or extense of matter, cannot thinii; although ovon this truth, by the tengthiness of arguments derived Dom partial and disconnected facts ad dueed in supportof it, is frequently darhened, rendered doubisul, and finalty dented. Is multer cannot think, netther can it seel, hear, See, laste, Or Smeli; for est these are properties of the foui. Thoeye, merely RS an Cye, is but a plece of Workmanshis, Or Opticalcamera, necommodated to the formes of the modifications of thoother; that Which givos it iis visual life must in laci bo addod tolt, or exist above it anil Within it. And the samo kiud of observation applies to est the Other Sensortes. 233. Much less to Dei, perceive, under8lanil, or rectarit endS. As this follows froin the foregoing remariis, We shali proceed to
234. For nature, considered in itfel , is Gad, and only serves life as an instrumental cause; thus is allogether subject to the willos an intelligent being, who uses it to promote ensis by effecis. Letus consider the subjects of this arti ele Separalely, and sheW, I. That life is one thing, and nature another. 2. That nature, in respect to lise, is dead. 3. That life is What regarns onds, butnature What promotes euds by effecis. 4. Hetice that there is an Intelligent Being Who govertis nature sultably to end S. 235. I. Lise is one thing, and nature another.-Since themiiid is in a natural subjeci, and purialius both of life and
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as Organs are deprived of their form8, mutuat connections, and
the determination os their fluids. Ali pathology, ali medicatari, Whether relating to the body or mind,-an ari Whicli is noother than that os restoring to the severat natures of both their declining lila, and of uni ting those things that begin to separate,-bears Witness to the truth of this observation; for it both
not; Whicli every one Sees to be Opposite to common Sense. But nature itself, by iis degrees and momenis, in eVery motion, sorm, and time, more particularly by iis mutations, incon-Stancies, relatives, OppOSites, and contraries, manifestly declares
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that it dous nos livo of itself, but is so emprincipiod as in amanner to move of itself. Nature, says the philosopher, is that,
by the primary in existence of Which anything is generaled;
also the materia prima 'J ; it likeWise expresses the substance of thoso things that exist in nature. Metaph. lib. V., cap. i V.; Natur. Ausculi., lib. it., cap. i. It is a principie und cause of motion and rest in that thing in Whicli it is . . . per se. Natur. Auscult. lib. it., cap. i. ; lib. viii., cap. iii.) And Wolss says: By universat nature, or nature Simply SO called, We meanthe principie os mutations in the world,-tho principio intrinsicto the Worid. Since nature is intrinsic to the Worid, it cannotho a distinet entity Dom the Worid. Universat nature is an aggregate of est the motive forces that there are in tho hodies
apparent hom visibie phenomena, that illa corresponds as nprincipat cause to nature as an instrumental cause. FOr Whatis motion in nature is action in a living subjeci; What is modification in nature is sensation in a living subjeci; What is est ori in naturo is Will in a living subjeci; What is light in nature is life in a living subjeci; What is distinction of light in nature is intellegi os life in a living subjeci; What is causeand effect in nature is enit in a living subjeci; and so on Withother things. See Mart II., 11. 200. Thus the natural esse respecis the vital esse as an instrument respecis iis principalcause extrinsic to iisset Wo have remarhed that the human mitid can hardly seu
these two in iiself, or disjunctively; for the faculty of Delingappears inherent in the Orgatis: there re u e represent it to
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ille inserior organs, and is the miud cannot Drm an abstractionDom them, it is buried in thoir shadows, into Whicli it has so
physical essecta Or instrumental causes. Thus the Same end, talien abstracted ly or disjunctively, continuousty solioWs the progression Os means, Or the Ordination os essecis. In this me sesen certain representative os creation, in that the end is prior and nature posterior, through Which nature essecis are produced, and in these as means the end is regarded, and a certain Orderos them is required that the end may bu obtained. Hetice itfollows, that Whateuer is naturat is also finite; and that only theond out of naturo is not sinite. It folioWs, ulso, that We can besaid to live only in so sar as me regard ends Out of Ourseives; and that ali animais live o ly in so sar as they provide as it Were intelligently, hoWbeit unconsciously, that intermediate end S maybe carried to a higher end. Τhus, in human subjecis, there is a more excellent anil greater lise, according to the degrest ofintolloci that is brought into play in the regard of the more uni
237. 4. Hence there is an Intelligent Being Who goverus nature sui tably to ends.- Τo aut for the salie of an eud,' ' saysGrotius, is the distinctive mark of uti intelligent nature. Nor, indeed, is anything orderest With a vieW Only to iis oWn particular end, but also With a vies to the common end of the uni- VerSO. . . . But thiS universat e d could Dot be intended, or thopo er to carry it out communicaten to things, excepi by an intelleci, to Whicli this universe is subjeci.' De Veritate Re