The economy of the animal kingdom, considered anatomically, physically, and philosophically

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punctum saliens, When Stili appearing as an irregularly twisted and en- larged vesset, I can only say that the Whole matter is astonishing. Foron the third, Durth, fifth, and Sixth days, not one, but two salieni potnis Or corcula are ViSible, One being the right auricle, whicli is thofirst to beat, the Other consisting of the two ventricles, Whicli rise and pulsate after the auricie. Moreover, it is WOrthy os remark, that assoon as the motion Os the corculum begitis, certain fine purpurascent lines Which prove to be the umbilicat vesseis) are traced froin the bor-der, or DOm the circumferetice of the colliquamentum in this siluation, as We Sald above,) to the centre of the cicatricula, Where they terminate, and becoming enlarged form those vesicles, whicli are alternatelysilled, elevated and reddened by the influent blood; in other Words, undergo diastole; and on the other haud, when the blood is propelled by them, are depreSSed and contracted, or per rm a Systole, duringwhicli action they become invisibie, and vanish away. In this succeS- sive and alternate distraction and contraction both of the right auricloand of the ventricles salthough it is extremely dissiculi to try experiments in so minute a field of Observation), We SometimeS, as a matter Ofcuriosib, have observed that these motions are presently inverted, is theright or test ventricle be Alightly priched With a needle: and the fame

the Ili My of incubation, One may Without dissiculty see that theright ventricle of the heari has approached to the lest, and is lying

the segments of the corculum are packed into One mass, and tWisted together in their respective places SO RS to serm R Single Cone. . . . Thesollowing circumstance likewise ought here I think to be mentioned; namely, that the motions of the auricles, Whicli as I before salit are observed to be alternate With those of the ventricles on the first days of incubation, appear to be successive rather than alternate aster the hearthas attained iis conical form; for I saw the contraction of the whole corculum begin se in the auricles indeed, and terminate in the ventricles, but I have not seen this action amount to a complete alternation. . . .-On the firSt days Os incubation, the curved and irregularly dilated vesset that represenis the heari, is furnished With no externat fibres em

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by the sost rudiments not only of the pericardium, but also of thel leura, TibS, and Sternum. . . . While treating of the auricles, Ι must by no means Omit to mention, that although the right auricle is atready in being on the sirst days of incubation, it aster ards either becomes larger, or at least maintains iis diameter; but the lest, Which by reas nos the inflexion of the iube is later formed, is at this subsequent periodos tess diameter than the right. De Motu Cordis, &c., prop. XXiV.,

246. HARvΕY. Ι observed on severat occasions, that aster thelieari itself, and even the right auricle, had test oss beating, and wereas it were in articulo morti8, there manis est ly remained an obscure motion, and a Lind of inundation and palpitation, in the blood itsolf that was contained in the right auricle . . . . A Similar phenomenon, in thesrsi generation Os a living creature, is very evident in the hen's oggwithin sevon day's after incubation. First of ait there is in it a drop os

by progressive incrementS, RS the chich becomes in some measure formed, the auricles of the heari are made, and so long as the auricles pulsate lis e continues. When a seW days after the body begitis to bedefined, then also the body of the heari is framed, but sor sonte timeit appears White and bloodless like the rest of the chich, and shewsneither pulse nor motion. In a human foetus, about the beginning of the third monili, I have seen the heari similarly formed, but White and bio illess, although in the auricles there Was an abundance Of purplebi od. And in the egg, When the chich was of sonte Sige, and had reached an advanced stage of formation, the heari began likewiso toenlarge, and to have ventricles, by which to receive and transmit theblood . . . . There is rOOm to dOubt Whether bes re the heari and oventhe auricles pulsate the blood itself, or the spirit, has not in it an obscure palpitation, Such as I have Seen continue aster death. . . . I have observed that a heari reatly exigis in almost ali animais, and not only, as Aristolle says, in the larger species Which have redJ blood, butalso in the smaller, Whieli are exsanguious; and in Some of the crusta

horneis, sies, &c. Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis, cap. iv.)

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INDUCTI ΟΝ.

247. Is the formation of the embryo in the Womb, or thechieli in the ogg, Hl things are carried On most distinctiy. Andthe severat members are produced Successively, or One aster

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arriVe at the ultimate effeci, appear to be present to it and inherent With in it simultaneously und instantly. Consequentlythi S Substance or sorce represenis to it sulf the state about to beformed, just as is it Wore a state Hready sormed; and indeed the State at ready formed as a state abolit to be formed. More-OVer the series of ali the contingonis, in the ordor in Whicli theySueCeSSiVely appear for the purpose os completing the Work of formation, is instantly present to it, and as it mere involved Within it: for in the ogg and the womb, nil things that canpossibly be contingently present, are atready pre8ent, proVidedaud prepared. According to the nature und state of this formative substance, and fuit ly to iis intuition Or representation, causes floW into their effecis : as appears Dom the disserent forms os animais; hom the imaginative larce tu pregnant semuleS, CRUS-ing corresponding martis oti the litile body of the embryo; and Dom the formation os the brains, or of the organism of the internat senses, as being disserent in disserent species of animias, and tu different individuals of the fame species. Wheuce itfolloWs, that no condition os the organism is primari ly the causeos the internat facultius, but that that formative larce OrsubStance is the cause, WhOse nature, and the image of WhOSe representations, determines the sorm os est things in thebody. The vertest formative force and substance is the foui: nextin the order of forces and substances, is the spirituous fluid; nexi, the purer blood; and nexi, the red blood; Which last isthus as it Were the corporeal soul of iis oWn litile Worid. Τhus ali these may be called formative substances and forces; that is

The terms provido ordine are in generat rendered by those of proviSive Order. The term provisive is used in the sense of foreseeing and providing; foreSeeing, because in the first use the others are foreseen; providing, becauSe the conSequent contingent is provided in relation to the antecedent.- Tria

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to say, euch in iis oWn degree; While the one vital substance, Whicli is the foui, presides and rules over all. Since then ali things are thus most nicely subordinated and coordinated, it follows, that the spiritu us fluid is tho first cause; the purer blood, the second cause; and the red blood, the third cause, or the effect of the former causes. Also that the purest fibriis are sirst produced; then the vesseis of the purer blood; and lastin the vesseis of the red blood; one of these Ordera preceding the Other, and then, according as theyRre compOunded, One acting With the other. Consequently, as the living creature grOWs Successively in the ogg or the Womb, it passes through laur rem arkable changes and diversities of state. The sirst, When by the mediation ofilio spiritu us suid, the initiaments of the two brains and medullae are draWn and delinealed. The second, Wheu by the medium of the purer blood, the simple texture of the heari is provided. The third, When by the medium of the red blood the lungs are brought into existence. The Durth, When thel ungs themselves begin to breuthe the air, Which happens after exclusion Dom the natat egg, or Dom the genital Womb. There are three generat solarces of motion, On Whicli ali the particular sol ces depend; and these three are, the brains, thelieari, and the lungs. The motion of the bratus is called animation, and the action Os the spirituous fluid depends upon it. The motion of the beari comprises systole and diastole, and Onthese the circulation of the blood depend s. The motion of theliings is callest respiration; on this the circulation Of the purerblood principalty depend s. But since the purer blood is intermediate betWeen the spirituous suid and the red blood, there- fore iis circulation depends upon the motions of the bratus asweli as of the lungS. During the formation of the chieli or the embryo, and pre-vious to exclusion DOm the egg Or the WOmb, the animationos the bratus is coincidunt With the systole and diastole os the

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bent.

Moreo 'er, the primitive labrio of the heari, and the character of the pulse, in those animais that have one heari, an dalso in those that have many hearis, ali conspire to SheW, that the primitive corculum With iis three distinet vesicles, in thenature and mode os iis action resembles both the veitis and the nrteries, between Whicli these vesicles are intermediate; that isto say, that an intermediary receptacle discriminuted into three ovat vesicles, is the result of vesseis os dissimilar nature and mode meeting together. Furthermore, the simple fabric of the primitive corculum revenis the state that is ultimately intendedfor the adult heari and arteries. But these things tine place With a disseretice according to the perfection Or imperfection of the animuis in Whicli theyOeeur : also according as the animais are formed in the Womb, or ure formed in the ogg. All the circumstances here recordedare most plain proose of an infinite and Omnipotent divino

248. In the formalion of the embryo in the womb, or the chichin the wy, ali thinys are carried on most distincl0. What canbe Seemingly more indistinet, Watery, and formiess, than thecarina Or rudiment of the chicli in the ogg 8 Is it not like anun Sh en molecule or mini ture chaos 3 And yet nothing caube reatly more distinet. Τhis is evident the moment that naturebegitis DOm this cicatricula to evolve the severat paris in their Order, and afterWards to reduce them into members, and cir-

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cumscribo thom With given boundaries; sor What bolare appeared to the eye a blank undigested mass, is noW Seen to in-Volve the most perfect Order and accurate discrimination. The Very least irregularity Occurring in the initiamenis, or in the Origin and progression Os the sirst stamina, Would give rise togreat irregulari ty in the course of their progress, and to the greatest possibie in the ultimate produci. It Would be as thoughRn arrOW Or bail Were shot ut some distant mark, With an error Of Only tWO Or three minutes of a degrest in the aim, in Whicli casu the sarthor tho bali or arroW had to flv, the sartherit Mould bo ut last Dom tho turget. The least insensibie deviation ut 1irst, ultimately ensures a considerable error, it may beos many degrees, Or eVen os an entire segment of a circle. Thereason sor Whicli in this sirst rudiment or living potui nature acts With sueti prodigious distinctiveness, is, that in proportionas site is ruised through her degrees, site attalus to the persection os ali qualities, faculties, and poWers; nor is She CVerreatly lest to herself, and to her oWn forces, uniit Slie has ur- riuod in tho sield of her purer conditions.

249. And the severat members are pro ced succe8Sively, Or Onere fler anothere so that there is no real myy of the si eatest in theleast, and in the orem no type of the future bo ,-no type which is

sin panded. That is to say, using the common eXprOSSion, there is no more extension of the seed ; for independently of the cicatricula, not a shadow of the future body is ut 1irst apparent. The carina exi sis in and Dom the cicatricula, and the gone eX- tend8 around the carina, the colliquamentum buing bounded by the gone. Then the rudiments of the head and dorsat spineare developed, and asterWards, beside the Spine, the corculumor litile heari, no traco of Whicli is visibio tili ustor a d 's incubation. All the other viscera succeed each Other in their oWn proper Order. The lungs do not malio their appearance illi tho

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For the cause must exist besore tho thing causod, the efficient besore the compound ; the e graver besore the Seat, and the sealbe re the impression; the prior besore the posteri0r, and the

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them, excepi in the subordination os things, and in the coordination of things subordinate. For this reason We must mount through Orders stud degrees, in Order to pass Dom the sphere ofossedis into the sphere Os cauSOS.251. Au thinos, thus pro ced successively, are fashioned in anticipation V, and accordiu to, the use they are asterwarri toperform. The sirst stamen or initiament of the spinal marrowis draWn froin the cicatricula, thus producing the carina, Obviousty With a view to the further use und end of enabling stamina to be given Osr theresrom sor developing the lineaments and fissue of the future hestri and the Other viscera. The Ves- suis stand around With varicose and reticulated fWigs, and dare

sigiis to bring the blood, and Dom these again to receive it. Hence the whole os this stupendous metamorphosis of the Simple heari tines place on account of the lungs, to Whose peculiarmode of cooperation the hestri is finalty adapted. Astor this thel ungs are delicately tracen and delinealed in relation to every uso thoy are designed ultimately to fulsit When they open totalio in their atmosphere; and afterWards again they are Supported on ali sides by the ribs, sternum and diaphragm, beneati, whicli the stomach, intestines, mesentery, kidneyS, bladde c., are constructed. Ait these are seMed' and lined With mem-

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da ges asterWards superadded to them, ure SO many instruments that are fabricated antecedently to tho use for Whicli they aredestined Whon time revenis the secrets of their late. But onemember is never formed sor iis OWn Use, uniess at the fame time for the generat use of ali iis fellows; aye, and of an innumerable Order of successors Whicli lie in it, and Whicli occupy

252. Thus there is nothino but is a medium to some ulterior use and end, and as such, contains within iiself the law of the

severat thinys that follow it, and refers itself to those that sobefore it, on which it dependa, and for the sake of which it emisisin iis oron distinctive manner. There is nothing in the wholennimal microcosm, nor indeed in the macrocosm, but is a relative and dependent being. The cha in os subordination is perpetuat ; there is alWays that Which rules and that Whicli Obeys,