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hierarchy, T. CGemitum and L. ParalienuS are intermediate ones, while F. fusca isa submissiue species located at the bottom. F. Sanguinea was the most abundant species in well-established forests hut was completely absent in yΟunger OneS. F. Sanguinea seems to coloni Ze more rapidi y than other species by spread ingthrough nest-splitting OIONEN t 956). and heiace this species may he able to im- pede or prevent the coloni Zation of wood anis in early stages of forest succession OIONEN t 956. ROSENGREN etat. l9J9). The coexistence of F. Sanguinea and F. fusca is further explained by the faci that the former establishes itself in new colonies Via temporam nest parasitis ira in the nesis of the lalter dulosis). The difference in the ant species number according to the age of the patch is a very important aspect. A possibie Succession pathway can be characteriZed by the antspecies that are present in each patch. The youngest pine patch may function asan open habitat where pionering ant species arrive first. C. GeneSCeriS is a Species typical of very hol and dry habitais, called 'desert anis . In the yoting planted pine foresis the microclimatic conditions are more harsh. the vegetation more scarce and this allows C. GeneScenS to Occupy these habitatS. T. CGemitum is a Very Xerophil OUS Species, prefers open and dry places SEI FERT l 996) and together with L. Paralienua dominate also the young pine patch. In the l5 yearso id patch F. Sanguinea and F. fusca appeared and their abundance reacti a maximum in the 25 years old patch. Simultaneous ly the number of T. caemitum and L. Paralienus decreases tili the age of 40 years, and after that age they are completely absent. A very similar siluation was mund in a succession Of ant com
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nant in urban areas and open agri cultural land . The low Value os diversity correlates to the low Value in species richnesS l3 Spp.) In Oak and poplar forests we observed F. truncorum whicli is an aggressi Veand territorial species. Iis dominance might be explained by the aggressive nessand hi gli territoriali ty. F. fusca and Le tollioraχ species submissi Ves) are alsorather numerous here. Oak fore sis appeared to have relative ly low values of diversi ty. With the exception os Eugac. the majori ty of the si tes were localed in places where anthropogenic disturbance was quite high.
lowed by L. ParalienuS and L. Pla thoraX. These fore sis are the only locations of M. Salina, hecause of their hariter soli, with high salini ty. The low value os diversity in Russian olive fore sis could be explained by the hi gli densi ty of dominant species. MA BELIS l 984), working in a dune valley in the Net herland s also
found that species are stronger competitors when they have a greater overlap in their biological requirements. When the overlap is very smali they may tolerate each other in the fame foraging area. but when the o Verlap i S large they may exclude ea ch other. Howe ver the avallabili ty of the res ources in relation to the dens ity of the workers determines the competitive proces s that will actualty take place. In the boreal talga, territorial and specialty polycalic Species asume therole os organi Zing species and seem to impo verisii locat ant species assem hi ages
Are sonae alat faunas impoveris hed hecati se of the suppressing effect of the large scale conquerors, or did the large Scale conquerors originate in en Viron ments with impo veris hed ant faunas P According to HOLI DOBLER and wII SON l 990) the fewer the ant species in a locat community. the more likely the communi ty will be dominated by one or more species. This Domin ance-Impo erishment rule might also be applicabie to the forests we investigated. In our case im- poveris hed forests will be those where F. Sanguineia and F. truncorum s generalist species) were present in higher abundance soak Russian olive and pine fore sis). Fore sis with higher values of diversity didist reveal any high abundance of dominant an is Uuniper, black locust). Another aspect that is worthwhile to consider is the distribution os forestand grassiand ant species in the different forest sites. According to Our resulis native poplar and oak fore sis are characteri sed by an original range of forest antspecies, while in introduced fore sis these ant species are replaced by grassiandant species. Despite their native character juniper fore sis stlowed a very highnumber of grassiand species. This could be expla ined by the fact that furveyed juni per Sites are open habitais, they are young and at initiat state of succession.
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O000000000 l000000l26000000 Νylander)
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0000000000000000l9248589 3780000
4322 633 202 1500084408985Tl400000
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000000000000000000022000 Latreille)
individual si forest site Mean number ofant speciest forest type
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ALVARADO, M. 2000) Habitat correlates os ant assemblages in different forests of the Solith Pannonian Plain. Tiscia 32 in pressJ
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Acla Mologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungariciae 46 2); ρρ. I 03-II.; 2000
RELATIO SHIPS BET EEN THE ABUNDANCE OF BREED IN G ΗΙRDS IN WESTERN POLANDAND THE STRUCTU RE OF AGRI CULTURALLAND SCAPE
In an agri cultural lanciscape the communities of birds in margin habitais ses-pecialty hedges and sinali woods) have been shown to differ frona culti valedareas in their higher species richness and population densities BEZZEL l 982
FLADE l 994). Howe ver differen ces in the richness of hird communities at theland scape scale are not eas ity explained by research on particular land scape elements since the different elements are mutualty interactive in their modificationos the structure of hird communities. Thus, for ex ample . population densities of species characteri sing open habitat s are negative ly correlated with the presen ce