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ber of interesting new planis in the Baulisian Herbarium collected by different persons in North America. Among them I mund a number of those collected by Archibald Mengies, Esq., during the tam S eXpedition under
heverat of them had been described by me froni the Lewisian collection, I requested permission Os Mr. Men-Zies to adopt Such as Were immediately connected with
The number of American planis in the different nur- series and private collections in the vicinity of London, contributed considerably to my refources, and I amhight y indebled to those who gave me their aSSiStunCe, particularly to Messrs. Lee and Kenne ly, Whose eXtenuive collections eXceed any other in Europe.
I he accounts Ι had frequently heard of the celebrate i Suerardian Herbarium at Oxford, made me partipui IlI
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anxious to examine it. Dr. G. Willianas, professor of bo tany in that University, received me with that Lin inessso congenial to the true friend of science, and supported my researches to the ulmost of his power. Besides theentire Herbarium Os Morison, and other valia te collections, I found a generat collection os North Americari Plant8, among Whicli I Was particularly gratisiod to findali those sent by Mr. M. Calesby to Dr. Sherard. I his collection, though made a century ago, is in Very sine
preSerVation, and contains specimens of most of thenew species of Walter, MichaUX, &c. and even Someentirely new ones, with the remari S and Synonynas OfDr. Sherard, and frequently accompanted with the original letters of M. Calesby. In the Same collection areulSO a number of rare specimens collected by a Mr. Tilden at Hudson's Bay, and those of Johii Bartramand Other correspondents of Dr. Sherard. In fine, Iconsider this the most complete collection os North American planis noW eXtant. The notes and remni kS
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in a Separate line, as page l6 Monaria didyma ; after the specific description I had to repeat that it was theeame with M. didyma, Willd. sp. pl. l. p. l25. To
the specific character wheneuer it had been amended; so that Stipa avenacea, page 7 2, is the Same species dederibed by Willd. sp. pl. l. p. 442, but the character isne N Or augmented. Whereuer the author sollows the deScription without this marti, as page 73, Saccharum S anteum, Pers. ench. l. p. l03, in that case the cha meter bas been adopted without alteration,
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In some Os the more intricate genera, as Monardo, nocinium, Andromeda, Saliae, &c. the specifie charac ters have been extended to a rather Unusual tengili,
and perspicuous character is without doubi preserableto a long one, Whicli the more it is extended the more ambiguous it will become; but the nature of certain genera will absolutely not admit this conciseness, and the wortis of sonae of the most celebrated authors have lately proved that it is inconvenient to be limited by a certain number of words in forming the specificcharacter. Among many others I only need to mention Vill idnow's last volume of the Species Plantarum, particularly the genus Aspidium, and Mr. Robert Brown's
excellent Treatise On the Proteaceae,' in the tentii volume of the Transactions of the Linnean Society. Iuboth these utoriis examples Will be fovit l, where thelength of the specific character equais is not exceeds in number of utoriis the longest in the present Work. It would have been uestilless to encumber the workwith a superfluous number of synonyms, Whicli cara bufound in the authors referre t to; but those of a late date, or any WV illustrative to varii the true dEtermination Ofthe species, have been caret utly collet ted, as the means I vas possessed of were particularly favolarabie to the Certainnient of those politis, which may be of the high- est utility to future publications on the fame Subjeci. In respect to the figures referred to, care has been
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been caret utly selected, either from highly interestingnew planis, or those Which will not admit os cultivation, some of the Rheaetas, Lupinus, Gerardia, &c. Asthe plates Were executed during the progress of the wOrk through the pre88, referetices to them could notbe inserted in the proper places ; but as the plates themselves refer to the pages of the work, it Wili beeasy to supply this deficiency. Particular attention has been pald in describing the soli, Siluation, and range of country eaeli species ismund iii, which will be mund very useful to the practicia bolanist, and especialty so to the cultivator of those plantS. Aster the usual sigia os duration, and the time offlowering, each species has been faithfully mari edwhether I have seen it myself in a living state sv. v.), or only in a dried specimen v. s.); in the lalter case thenanie of the herbarium I had it frona is generalty mentioned. I hose I have adopted without seeing themmyself in either state, and whicli are but seu Ι have
ing the colour and si ge of the flower, the habit of the plant, or Some other interesting Subject illustrative of the
Very suli descriptions have been given of only Some of the most interesting new species, as the limits of the work would not admit of it in generat. The cares ulreferenees to authors and good figures Will amply supplythis deficienCy. In the alteration inade in the systematic arrangement,
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I have been guided by the hinis given by the learned
Dr. I. E. Smith, in his excellent Introduction to Bo tany.' he classes Dodecandria and Polyadelphia areontirely omitted, and their genera inserted in their pro- per places in the Other classes. Asarum Deri io Aristolochia, in Gynandria. Be faria, Portulacca, Talinum, Calligonum, and Hypericum, in Polyandria. Hudsonia nexi to Helianthemum, with whicli it is closelyrelated in the fame class, Decumaris, Lythrum, Cu-phea, and Agrimonia, in Icosandria. Halesia near Styrar, in Monadelphia. Enphorbia in Diclinia, where
it forms, with iis other genera, a natural as weli as artificiat ordor. The ninetoenili clam, Diclinia, containsilio natural families of Tricocope or Euphorbia, Amen taceae, and Coniserae. The other genera Of the classes
Monoecia, Dioecia, and Polygamia, having been referred to their proper classes. The genus Diotis more properly belongs to Τetrandria, but had been omitted inithat class. Najas and Halisneria are genera os anorder of this class, to whieli probably might be adde lati the Aroideae. Η- far these alterations may meet
the approbation of those best qualisied to judge, I have yet to learia, but Ι am strongly persuaded they Willfacilitate the study of this lovely science to the y ng
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illustrate those minute objects with correct figures, without whicli mere woriis are useless in describing the At tho end of the work I have gi ven a Table of Anomalous Flowers; great patris have been talien to mine
ii as correct as possibie. This will be mund of infinito service, particularly to the young bolanist. For this purpose I 8hali give an example of the use of it. Should the yοung beginner, unacquainted With the genus Gallum, happeti to finit Gallum tristam, vol. i. p. l03, he would in valli look for iis genus in Triandria; but byreferring to this table among the anomalous genera, hewill very easily frid iis proper genus. Again, by eXamining a flower of Asclepias, he might very probablyconsider the ten pollen ma88es sor as many anthers,
and look sor iis genus in Decandria, which by the assistance of this table he wili trace to be Ρentandria. For the accommodation of the Englisti reader, I have given a double Latin and Englisti Index. Great attention has been pald to the correciness of the Generat Index, in inicii the first number in parentheses refers to the number of the genus, the other to the page The SypOnynis are distinguished by being in Italics Notwithstanding the uitremitting attention paid tothe correetness of this Work, the author is weli aware that it will not be Mund Dee froni those error8 Whieli are mavoidabie in nay almost inseparabie hom) publications of this nature, where so great a number of authOrities are to be referred to. But he stili consoles him
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Tob. Page. γI. 17. Monarda Kalmiana. . 62. Milium amphi carpon./3. 175. Claytonia lanceolata. 4. 2l9. Berberis Aquifolium.
I. A single pinna of a suit grown leas, stomthe under Side.
2. An expanded flower, mitti iis component paris vlewed frona belli rad, natural sige. 3. A petat mitti iis stamen, magnified. 4, 5. A stamen and piStillum, more magnified.
2. A petat with iis stamen, magnis ed. A. 224. Conostylis americana. 7. I 56. Solanum heterandrum. γ8. 228. Lili iam pudicum. I. The pistil. 2. A stamen, both natural sigo. 9. 243. HeloniaS tenax. 2 . Rhexia ciliosa, and Rhexia lutea. Both species, by a mistahe of the engraver, haVe been re
presented with sive petais, whicli ought to hoonly solar. 2. A variety of Rhexia lutea. 1. 26O. Clarhia pulchella. 12. 283. Gaultheria Shallon ; with a stamen magnified. 13. 283. Gaul theria serpyllifolia ; a floruering branch, magni fled. 2I. Ceratiota ericoides; a semate branch, natural
178. The fruit of Hamiltonia oleisera, natural Sige. 2. A longitudinal cui of the fame. 3. The kernet. 4. 3O2. Mylocarium ligustrinum. The dissections are ran opened corolla with the stamens ; a backvie of the calyx and the germ With iis
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Tab. Page. Z15. 333. Tigarea tridentata. 1. A flower divested of iis petais. 2. A fruit. 3. The fame longitudinalty cut to fhom the 7 seed. 248. Bubus spectabilis., 17. 396. Catilia flabellisolia. a S. 423. Gerardia fruticosa. 19. 423. Gerardia quercisolia. 2O. 427. Mimulus Lewisti. 21 2 468. Lupinus villosus.
22. 475. Psoralea esculenta. 1. The CalyX. 2. The vexillum. 3. The carina with the alae. 4. A fruit. 23. 479. Lupinaster macrocephalus.