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in toto to thought. Andisiit os latis a richer but ni parilyintelligitae xvorici, science has to seleel the terans os iis lenion Strations i Solat in by definition it substances, it A
universa properties. Tlae disti Cult in Aristolle' position is that i hesorneliine insist that the singular IIII, i Dan, ha, horse, &C. Giloneare substances in the pro per an prin)RI Sen Se of the terin Cf. e. g.
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αὐτο συμβεβηκός propriuna oscit subjeci. I attaches to
universat' κaθολου or corianaensurate ' an it is the objectos Ver ideady-peri et scienti sic dera tonstration to es tablislia ne diate universa nexus of this hin d
In et tition to Solcrates ivla ite is a. urere Coinciden πάθος, a mere συμβεβ κός. I ha no cli recti S sentiali necessar, connexion villa hina qua ζωον λογικόν. Thus e. g. geonaeir, denaonstrate that the trians te' i. e. any tri ad os interna angle result in frona lae enclosiare fis ursace by
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i. e. the nediate i nexus ivlaicli is the onclusion ' of the ἀπόδειξις is conamensurate an reciprocat Thul notam Oon in generat, but moon in Auch a position that the arthScreens it Dona the sun is deprave of ght. An this depravationiflight-Vi Z one cauSed by the ἀντίφραξις γης-
Speci*ing nunaber o line in the definitor somnula.
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cauSe and proXina ate effect The concluSion fiVer AbillogisIn vili include the in id die terni and wil be a naediate commensurate jucigernent, resectin a reciprocatly- neceSSarynexumbet veen Substance and propriuna naediate illi ough the proximate cause of the inherence of me alter in the sortiter. The three term os eUer Such apo deicti Abdlogigna an berearrange an concentrate S a to constitute lae ad equatescienti sic definition of the propriuna in question. litis Anaxagoras' definition of hunder' is the concentration ithe three terna of a Scienti sic dena onStration, an includes
extinction offire, c that determinate notSe whicli inunder' meanS, 'US OCCur. An the ad equate definition lunare clipse is a λόγος including at three terna of συλλογισμος του διότι. For it states a the a oon the nainor terni in
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IL is et, hie olbserve J that, is xv talce the narior an in inor terna os an apode ictic flogi Si novi thout theon id die, ve geta somnum λόγος whicli is the nornina definition ' of πάθος. Thus mois in the loticis', depravation os light in the noon', unificationis the coria bina bl bomes ' τῶν μικτων ἔνωσις are the ornina desinitions of βροντή ἔκλειψις, and μίξις respective ly Ani is ue X pand these fornium into jud gernent In the cloiul there is notSe', n the a oonthere is depravationis light', 'The conabinablem octies exhibitunification 'i, we et in acti instance that hinnae dia ted Suggestion Os a dena onstrabie connexion vllicli Aristolle calisa πρόβλημα. The naan of Science Staris vitia a Suggeste dconneXion of this cind-with a propoSed conclusion Hisain is to aemate it, o findis naiddie o naid dies xvhicla vili convert it into a dena onstrat ed trulla Heiace Aristolle Sonaetinae repreSent hina a fili in v the intervat et veen subject an pressi cate of the πρόβλημα, b interpolatin thenaiddie or naiddie xvhicli are require 1 to pach the whole intervat vitii filenaeniar ' inanae diate, o Selis evident On
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ἀρχη κινήσεως καὶ στάσεως Ο an impulserio change ' ὁρμη
natura philosophy. In it e discusses i πρώτη λ and
the contraries' εἶδος, στερησις , a the fundanaen ta constitutive moments ' of ill φυσικα σώματα whicli are γεννητα
Aristolle studies the si imple or lenaeniar natura bodies, in sociar a theb forna Soma any Strata coimposing the physical
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Uni Verse. Eor lae atrii a bomes cona prased vitii in thephysica universe ire illae r ii simple ' si coimplex, resulti nisi ona th coni bination or cona position os pieces os the sint pie bodies. Nox the nature os a sinapi e naturalbod is expressed in simple motiora. A Si inple motion is emer rectilinear up or lown , i. e. rona the centre to vard Athe peripher of the universe, or urbe vra Satis circular AndAristolle recognige Sive sini ple natura bo me a conipo Sing the physical universe; vig the Aether ivliose mature it is tornove ternali in a circle, an Earth, Air, ire, and water xvliose matures are expresse i in rectilinearia otion. Earth, Air, ire, an id Vater are concrete os forna auri imat ter sorthenare insorimations of πρώτη λη), and the together coni- pos the o ver Cosimos o the iublunary Phere '-i. e. that par of the physica universe whicli extend frona theearth to the region iniimediat et below the nroon. Earthinherentib gravitate to vard the centre of the universe, an dat the centre it by nature at est. It Salaus the natur os
ina naediatet en circi in the Earili an is there fore light relati vel to Earili, an heau relativel to Ai an Fire.
heau relativel to ire, ut light relativel to Vater and Earth. An Fire is absolutet light for it is iis nature toris a bove the ther three, to no at ora thei Sursace', and thusto constitute the p permoSt stratu in of the Loxve Cognios.
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The rem ainder of the physica universe consist os the fifth simple body the Aether. It constitute the whole of the Uppe CosmoA-i. e. the uterinosi heli of the heavens the πρωτος υρανός and the star Ivlaicli are et in it, and the planetar Sphere together xvith the planet whicla theycaro. Sine it motion is circular, and either up nor do via', it is either light nor heavy It is unchangeatae, Ungenerate an imperiShabie, an in genera contraste in ali iis properties villa the ther our simple hodies. Manypassages in the de Caelo are devoted to the stud of this elusive substance, vilici is in iis o vn varas ulli contradictions asthe 'Ether of niodern physica science. V are, in facio, confronte here vitia ne of the niost obscure eature in Aristotie' natura philosophy. The Aether, the StarS, and the laneis, although divine heavenly bodies, aret et included in the province of φυσική : and Aristoti undoubte syregard then a in sonae ense φυσικὰ σώματα. The StarSan planet are perceptibi substances, an lal perceptibie
tibi be concrete os forna an naalter for perception is me preSence, in the oti of the percipient of the forna abstracted istor the matter of the perceptibi thing Ar xv the toregar the Aether a the ia alter of me star an planetS, and the Intelligeiaces, whicli initiate in contro thema otion Sof the spheres la the ouis in sortia in thei aetheria hodies But the Aether iiset is ab 'simple natura body henc it muSt be concrete os orna an matter an ought to epercepti ble. Andris it is thes matter of the star an planeis, it is thei proximat matter itself the information o a rore primary matter juStra Eartia Air, Fire, and water, thoughthe proX inrate materials of the compound hodies, are thena-Selves informations of πρώτη λη.
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I IS ecthiali , clear, Dorn another consideration, that the
Aether, the tars, and the planet must ali involves in alter os Soriae cinit. Eo though the are terna an unchangeat te, the ali ire in easeles motion and notion involve matterin thema oving thing. For thema oving th in occupie SUCCeS- Sive ly, and not Sini ulta neoti Aly the timerent poliat on iis path. It is noti activali here an oni potenti adb thene and noro citiali ut V, o longe actuali here, an orat potentiali atra thir pol ni Accordingi Aristolle ascribe to the heavent. bo dieS-and his arguiment applies to the Aether as vel a to the star an planetsy-a. λη πόθεν ποῖ O a λητοπική , though e dentes of them λ in an other Sen Se . Clearinthe cannot contain the matter xvhicli is involve in