Homer's Iliad, books xix-xxiv

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tionis the πλοποιία), in hic Hector a alainin the fame lay asiatroclus. But F. hol to the ther belles that the lay a rechone from unae tosunset, the a calleo astronomica lay. Cf. Censorinus, De die aruli xxiii. Atheniense autem ab occasu solis ad occasum diem statue runt an Tae Germ. i. nox ducere diem videtur Seein X 432.147. onro prefers indoin ἐθέλησθα παρασχέμεν, an to omit the colon after ἐχέμεν - sitis is ou choos to offer asci meet, o to Meminem With ou do so Q ut nom, sic See Μ. 324. b. 151 153. Theae verae do no Auit in siluation, an are ut looael connecte mith What precedes. The are rejected by Beiser. Beris an Franke rejectini 153. Aa regarda the clauso mith s, an ita place in the connectionos thought, it laruaual in put a colon after ammo an a perio after φάλαγγαs. ιδ is thon ahen a mnat, dependiu either o μνησώμεθα χάρμη or On χρὴ

κλοτοπεύειν. ut Nicanor ut ni a comma after φάλαγγας, - cf. the Schol. ed. indori, si 188 δ' os, ιδ a θεάσηται ris Αχιλλέα προμαχοῖντα, υτω καὶ

ence, to αὐτόθι τέως, hic Wacthen ignoranti correcte to αυθι τέως, after Whicli πέρ a inserte in reatore in meter.

Μonro remarks that δε canini mean this presentina oppose to any distant orfuture ne an translate subatantiali as in the note.

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preferable i262. his seem to e the addition o an interpolator, ho Mahe toe lain χεῖ μένεικα more fully, ut succoede oni in extending the simplemeaning of the expression in 176 to indefiniteness. 264. omine cond. sentence, se Langerii. 628 f. 287. meae mores of Briseis may pomibΙy contain the germis the lamenta ius. 29s f. bordiis Phil. Ru schau 1881 i. 461 . rejecta theae verae ani lieves that in tho res of thia lament, have a series of three strophe of

302. Leas remaris Mahisia age has osten Men admire a an instance of truthri nature, - a pretende lamentation Or a Strange covering the expressioni a real sorroW. eyne, hoWever, is no Without justification in callincit acumen a poeta nostro alienum. II is inclined therefore, to tali πρωφασιν in the senae attributed to it in 262, of a rea cause inearies for Patroclusis not a mere blindri cove What the women dare not expressitherwiae, ut agries reatly felt, hicli arousea ther an deeper Orrow of their Wn exactlyas in 338 f. andra 167 ff. The passage lius gains in dignit an beauty, and the explanationis r φασιν is supportet is an supporis the proposed explan tioni 262. Τ321. In orde to restore the missing x With πάθοιμ, auri indue . Crit. i. 186 mould rea κέ for σέ. M. 299 e f. 322. Muc Suggeri ov. 326'. The dissiculini regari to the mentionis Moptolemus, as Woli a theloose connectio mit 325 η τιν apparenti Ahout be in the fame consi as του πατρις 3223, and the inconsistenc of the wo referances in Peleus 321 and 33 337ὶ malis it probabi that 32 337 are an interpolation. 327 - rejecteda early a Aristophanes of Byzantium an Aristarchus, On the nound that Scyrus as O ea Troy that Achilles nee notis in ignorance of the fate of

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that in Homeric Warrior, Wit his Me σάκος uilio nee a cuiram. Mneve a θώρηξ is mentioned Reichel argues, the Wor is uae for defensive armor in general cf. θωρήσσειν, arm o elae the passage is es late origin. 364. It is linia that 35 364 in ἀνδρῶν aro an interpolation. In theoriginal formis in narrative in arming of the other Greeis Marten memtione immediatoly after 339 G. 351 f. . The follo e the intemen that Achillea astor the departur of the γέροντες phWent into his tenta arminimael mit tho letalis account in 369 Il. FaesuFranke.

Achilles viready knoWa uom his mollier that after layin Hector hi om

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deat Muldie ear 963. The ni additiona information hic tho herono receivearia the faci that he Will fiat a victim to a god and a mortal 41643, Whic hedeama in the aeque more distincu an appropriatelydrom in lipsis the dyin Hector X 368 ff. 3. ut the purmae of the poet is o place once

o mentiet Book describes the counci of the goda, at hic Zeus exhortain othor divinities to inis par in the batile leat Troyae capturedistinc is Achilles 1 753. Aeneas an Achille meet in single combat, an in tormer arescued by Ρoseidon 7 3523. Achilles mines havo among the Trojans, ut Hector is hel bac from meetinchim by the interpositionis Apollo 353 5033.

Theae menta inis placein the fame da a thos of the previo moOh, - theso in dano batile and the twenty event of the actionis the Iliad. The ille of the Book, Θεομαχία, doea not accuratet describe ita contenta, and tho narrative hoW a lacco unit an consistency. The poetiseem todestre to postpone the risis, an particulari tho decisive contes betmeen Achilles an Hector. At in very esset, in the councii Zeus state that his objectris to prevent in complet overthrow of the Trojans and the capture os Troy Apollo, apparenti Wit the fame motive, incites Aenea to batile mitti Achilles, hile hs holes Hector back. he real Θεομαχία, hic is a maje

ticali heralde in 32 75 does not tali place illi in nex Book. king umine criticism of the Boo more in delati, o notice that in versea 1 tho Gros hos is stili in the actis arming though at in close of T it Wasclearly armet an in the fieH. In 1 the batile is rugingiercely, and in 41 53 Achilles has tinen in fletu elare the descent of the mea. et in cita ears that it M after thei arrivia, an in consequenco of thei incite-ment, that the batile emn. In 75 and 110rit the combat is in fui progress, but in 153 160 in armis are just advincin imo the lain. The councii fine goda, too Would Aeem to have it natural motis in the purpos o Zeus toreuohe in prohibitio announce in the rerious counci s 2 403. But nomentionus made of that formerco cit, though it Was hel but two laysiolare.

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Moreover, it a dissiculi in se hom tho participationis the god inovi prevent the capturo os Troy, aince the divinities friendinto the Greeis ere far more poWerful than thoae Who favore the Trojans. The par of the Book Whic follo A the councii presenta further dissiculties. The expectationa of the mater, hic Me misel to the hiraest pitch by thetonyrione of the description inra 65, are dis potate 67-743. Apollo, hoatanda ready for the atrumle it Poseidon 67 1.3, immediatelydometa his pu pose and bustos himself 79 1. With incitin Aeneas to batile ; hil Poseidonysmorda in 134 f. are quali iraeconcitable it What has mne defore. The anxiet for the Met oi Achilles expresse bymera 116 131 is in direct constici Wit the worda fraeus in 26 0, and wit the whole siluation since Achilles is protecte by fato untili ha Elian Hector. The case is much the fame in the cene of the luel et oen Achilles and Aeneas 15 3523. his is introduce in the sua manner 158 ff), the poet ignoring the fac that Achilles is no i in pari in the strumle forine strat time after hia long absence rom theraeid, and that he is assam Withreaeniment an longin for revenge. e Orget his passion a far a toexchange long speeches Wit Aeneas, an even to Shrin from his amar. In 203 f. the poet Maumes that the wo arriora are acquainte With achother' race an parentage, ut in 13 ff. he introduces a long account of thoorigi of Aenem.

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tho, d a temporal signification o the potes of burstino out), ut his mean-lagian hardly be prove for Homer. 34. elcher GHech Gωσle, i. 334 mine εριούνη refer particularinto the bestomat of wealth in herda, but it laruaually underatoo as in the note CTRoscher, Nemea de Mindyot 80 Leo Meyer Bemere. Eu u. Grach. Griech. in M. Curtius Studien iit. 121 connecta the word With the oo ραν επιξὶ,on account of the uae of the lalter in the sense of friendi protection. 35. La Roche in s επι Wit φρεσί, a expressing the ground o condition, an comparem 274 574. 53. Aristarchus so the est ΜSS. rea θεων. So a Roche, ho argues that the ver of motion θέων doea notiuit the datives With πάρ - ἐπέ. a per se on 3 locates Καλλικολώνη at an elevate potnt of the ange of hilla tmeen in mouth of the Simois and the Scamandor. elcher belleves thatit is in fame hill Whic in B 793 is calle τύμβος Αἰσυ ταo. Steit ininks thatis an definite sight is intende it must e the whole ange a the en ofwhic Ilios lay. his mouid auit the expremion πὰρ Σιμοεντι θέων. ercher Homeriache mene non r. 127 says 'The interpolator no doubi rememberedinat the Scamander hal departe touoin in the Θεομαχια, and so introducet the Simois in the plain a a substituto for the ther stream, hic could notae in

Neoptolemus.

Achilles. Indeo her concer for Achilles is inexplicabie 121 f. 129 1. 3 for Apollo has notoet Ahown an intentioni attachin him in person Achilles, o the otheriand knows that he will no fati intit alter Alayin Hector 963, an sola litile nee of encouragemen and Atrengthening on his day. Ari tonicus Scholia, ed. Dindorf, ii 198 rejecte these linea. Lea say that the

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morda o Zeus in refer onlyrio hat Willi pen is in Dd do notri e part at ali Apollo has iaready intervene against Achillea, and i ho me onto attac him personalty hilomera standa asside, Achilles may feated ὐπὸ αἶσαν. I ia theresororuera' duinto se that the decrees o fate are camrie out by Achillea's victor over Hectorio that dan σήμερον); after Hector'Adeath Achillos must face his o n. Al dissiculi is remove When e ut a colon inatea of the usual comma after μάχης, an another instea os a fuit stop

135. mitte in many ΜSS., and brachete is editora, a inserte irom 211.145. The three Euccessive spondeos may be molled, and the erae mademore Homeri in rhythm, by realing, With Nauch, Ηρακλέα λωιo. 155. On κέλευεν a Schol. remaris βοηθεῖν οἶς βούλονται. In accordance With this, uria customaryrio refer Zεὐ δ' με- - κέλευεν to the morda es Zeus in 25, an translate, though Zeus ad ordere them to engam in batile. But ημενος - cannot be remine a a standin epithe liks e selli os, ut mustreferri the siluationis the moment; f. 22 an 66 f. oreover, 154 f. do notrefer in the mere giving of helpa in combatanis, ut to a conssic among thegod themaelves menc the interpretation in the note. 165'. ollinam remaris Perhaps the mos perfectis ali in Homericsimiles is the lio hunt in 165 ff., hic is carriel out With the ulmos fulinemo delati, but et cloe not contain a single inappropriaindeature.'18 186. Aristonicus Scholia, ed. indorf, ii 199 rejecte theso Verses,

3τι εὐτελει εω τη κατασκευὴ καὶ τοι νοήμασι, καὶ es λόγοι οὐ πρέποντες τέ του

Ἀχιλλέως προσώπω maris 18 186 as spurii p207. Mesychius has ἴδ- ἔγγονοι, ut that is probabi oni an attemptrio explain these morda It was, hoWeVer, accepte in Alexandria times, since Callimachus has Υδατοσύδin amine nam os a Nereid.' meas. 213. Aristarchua punctuate here acina 150, after ἐθέλεις, mining δαήμεναι imperative in sense. The two passages are diac sed fuit in the AH. An notoo 80.215. αδ an referri nothing hic has precedet, an M, the mining of Land four other SS. Wovidae more naturai. 21s in Attic name Ἐριχθόνιον here is remesed by sommas an Attic inte polation datinifrom about 610 B.α, at hic time in Athenians mere atready

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232 ff. Seo Glacitone Rom. Stud. iii. 216, 398, o physica beaut as an inheritanc in the roya famil of Troy. - the Homeri treaiment of the myth o Ganymede se Berre, Griech. Lu. i. 805. 250. Thia verse eems out os place sincerit interrupta the progress of thoughibet en 246-249 and 251 and desides, imbu loosely connecte Wit the generat reflectio preceding. - Οn the sub V. ἀπησθα, se Hale, Anticipatora Sub . 59 1.255. Muck ives in readae in the teri sola Roche , from a Schol. Who probabiffollowed Aristarchus Venetua Aia πολλὰ τά τε καὶ οὐκί. - Ἀε Whole passage rom 244 to 255 ia fille mith unuaua image an turn os expression. I ia Marcet consistent With in simple manne in hic Aeneas a theaegin- ning of his speech 200 n. repelle the cornies Worda of Achilles, and aeemato e the work of the fame interpolator ho introduce in genealog aeo Introduction). y realing 266-258 direcurarier 243, a satisfactoo connectionis gained. 26 272. Theae versea ore rejected by ancient critica Scholia d. lndori, ii 203 an are suspected by recent scholara Christ remarks Suzunost. Βαν. λω de Wias. 1880, 255 1.): Is the poetiad Wiisexto informis that two layer of the hiel mere o Monge, Wo os in an one o gole, hewould have dono a Whenae deacribe in making of the ahiel f 4813. Hodid, o b Eure, mentio the severa metala Σ 474 f. 3, ut is, examino the description more closely, oin that the old and in ore employed by Hephaestus, Odia materiat for Whol layers of the ahield, ut meret to givo color an Variet to the ornamentation. Ses eas on 26 272, and Holbiga

365. AH. Wit La Roche and eas, ea ιμε-ι, a solitar case of longiota, explaine an due to the ictus, in thi Word. 371 f. O the epanalepsis, se Lehra, De Aristarchi 474 Gerlach, in Philologus, XXX. 2.

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enteringunt relationa muli me Mithout change of externa form in pamam is os late origin ta suo inaes the poet iam longe mile is his οὐ cre live imagination, hic muri fuit realigo very dotat of the altuation, ut istamely folloWing epi precedent. 394. auis Would rea ἐπαμίτροισι se ono 4243, ut at the expense of

restoring the contracte form δατεῶντο.

present passage is an imitation, aince here the clavam buckles of the ζωστήρ are sal to e at in back, hic is contrar both in nature an to custom.

484. Aristarchus rea Πειρέω, - Zenodotus, Πειρέως. L. Μeyer considereth nom. to b Πειρε risi Πειρέας, no Πειρέως since Homer in his opinioni haan worda in ω of the secon deciension uc conjecturea Πειριου.

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The eventa narrate in his Book are the massacro of the Trojanain the Scamander by Achilles 1 323, the efforis of the rive god totverWhelm hehem, and the Scamander' deIeat by the interpositionis Hephaestus 233 843, thera called Batu of the Gods' 385 5203, and the night of the Trojans into the cit 521-6113. The actio tines place o the fame da a that of the two previoua Boo , - the fouri da os batile and the wenty event duos the actio of the Liari. The criticia verdici Mon this Book is mors favorable than in caseis , and paris of the Book, particularinthe Μάχη Παραποτάμος, hom hic it derives ita ille, have been universali admired. w of ita pisodes, OWeVer, reopen to criticism. In the cene of the laughter of Asteropaeus and the Paeoniana 139 12 the mor of the interpolator is seen. ere the poetiseem to have imitatedine narrative of the meetin o Glaucus and Diomed in , an stili more distinctly the Lycaon episode in the present Book . 166 Wit 45, 81 and 203 . it 126 . The insertionis numerous genealogica delatis 141 ff., 157'. cf. 184-199 ia nexpected in vis of the temper of Achilles and the Whole siluation. Aster Achilles has log the lain Asteropae in the bank of the riser, Whicli is characterige a Nηλη in 171, me are tol that thoishos andeela busto themselves Wit the bod 201 2043. Here the poet must hine conceived that the rive had atready overnowed ita banka though according to therest of the narrative thisiverno does no tine place ill 238 ff. In the description of the battis it the Scamander the narrative rigeario ahio piis of grandeur. his episod is ne of the fines in the Iliaci, an ita merita haVe been recogniged But ome inconsistencies in detes have been noticed, and it must e confesse that here is a lacco clearnes in omepotata It is dissicultato ascertain hen Achilles is o the Trojan fide of theriVer, and when o the Gree fide, and when in ita ed. Three different motive are adduce for the wrath of the Scamander, the scornies Worda os Achilles 136ὶ his continue bulcher of the Trojans 1463, and the accum lationis corpse in his stream 2183; ut thes may aut be regarde ascumulative rather han OntradictOV. The Θεομαχι uself 385-514 is generali admitte to e of late orkmam ahip. Tho morda o Zeus at the eginning on do no impi that a conflict

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