Philodemus: On methods of inference: a study in ancient empiricism

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CHAPTER

The historians o philosoplty folio vin long-Stan ting tradition hRVO generali assutiae uiat the Epicureans despisse thestud os logi , and that the entertaine a ver natu vie' of the nature o philosophi naetho l. et his traditiona vise vis no consistent viti the actuat ivri ting of the Epicureans whicla revea a livet an serious interest in logi an related probleni S. Hoth Epicuriis an his folio ver devote nauch of thei energ to thi par of thei philosoplay. I. Epic ruSThe episte1nologica basis o Epicurean rei uiri al logi aridnaethodolog appear in Epicurus letters preserVed by Diogenes Laertius an in Sextus Enipiricus mscussion o Epi-CureaniSIn ACCOrdin to Epicurus, Ali perceived olbiecis

J Sextus Adv. Math. VIII.63 Cf. VII. 203-204. The translations frona Sextus re u o vn. N. IV De Vit in a recent arti Cle, Epicurus, Περὶ Φαντασίας, ' Trans Anz. Inlol. Assoc. LXX 1939l 414-427), has inde amiserent interpretatior of the Epicurea theor o perCeption.

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find an applicationi Epicurus analysis o language Colotes attach A the se of poeir for the presentation o philosophi a thought onaintaining uiat poetica eXpreSSion ObSCurethought, and that Auch devices a the n)yth in the tentii book of the Eepublic have no philosophica value. Hi Stan here, o CohlrSe is in coni plete a Cord vitii Epicurus state1ment that

EPiCurus elaborates further the enapioca basis o langvage in his analysis of the origin and gro vilii speeCh. Originalty

whicli in D cate naturali fas opposed to conventionalty to

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functional one. The validit of this function is assii red by the fac uiat the anticipation V is base ori a Cunnula ted

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H Sextus Ads Math. VIII. 324. λ Irid. VII. 212. The proCes is sonae Vliat analogous to Certain Prag-

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Thi potnt is ini portant ec iis it involve the validit of the doctrinem a tonas an void Epicurean 1metaphySiCS. Thenae tho Phere is ab ess direct omni verification than that of the

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lirnitation of the verahe 1 ivlaici is truth. It has a tready been state that Epicurus applied his en)pici calonetho 1 in ali branches of his philosoplay. Soni ofthese pulication have been lentioned Q. g. in physic theator ni theor is an hypothesis based on inferen Ce rom Π1pirica observation, and 11 recti Verahe by lachis eviden et the Contrary. The presentation o alternative theomes forthe explanationi 1 neteorologiCal and astronormica phenomenai like vis in conformiit ivitii the nethodologica principiethat when COImplete erification is ina possibi an hypothesisImay lbe CCepte aulaich oes no conflici vitii the vallabio eviden e It is inclee a significant indication o Epicurus' integration of his aethodolog 1vith his physic that alnaostat of the ather extensive fragnient of Eook XXVII of his vork On Nature deal vitii naethodologica an linguisti proh