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other 8 An then, it seems impossibi that ne ody a thus attraci anotheriod into iis eis, oras obecome distended, See ingillat o b distende is tot passive unless, in the anno Ofis sponge, hicli a been previola Si compresse by an externalforce, it is return in tociis natura state. But it is difficuli toconceive that there an be anything of this in in the arteries. The arteries dilate, ecause the are fille like bl adder orleather botiles ohe are o filled ecatis the expand like bellows. his I thini eas of demonstration, an in deed Onceive that Phave atready provexit. Neverthel ess, in that book
of alen eade Quod Sanguis continetur in Arteriis. he
been XpOSed is pene longitudinalty, and a ree o other pervious iube is inserte into the esse through the ope ning bywhicli the blood is prevente Doni ein lost, and the wound Sciosed 'So long, he says, 'as thing are thus arran ged the whole artery ill pulsate ut Dyo no throw a ligature bout the esse an tighil compress iis alis ver the iube, ou illno longe se the arter beat in beyon the ligature. have neVer Persor med his experimentis Vale s norio Pthini thalit could very welli performe in the livin body on CCC unt Ofthe profuse flow of blood that oui tali place ro the esset whicli as operate on either ould the iube effectuali close the wound in the esset,ithout a ligatur and I cannot doubibu that the bloo wout be Mun to flow out between the tubeand the esset. Stillsalen appears by this Aperimen to ProVeboth that the pulsative properi extentis fro the ear by the walis of the arteries, and that the arteries, hiis the dilate, a re filled by that pulsi sic force, be cause the expand like bellows, and do no dilate asci thenare fille like si in s. ut the contrar is obvio us in arteriotomy an in o und the loo spurting
alternately, o in et and the et alway takes place illi the
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diastole of the artery, neve with the systole By whicli it clearly appears that the arter is dilate by the impulse of the lood foris iis et it would no throw the lood o suci a distance, and whils it was dilating it ought ather o dra at into iis cavi tythrough the wound were hos thing true that are common lystate Concerning the se of the arteries. Do notes et the thicknes of the arteria tunic impos uponis, and leadis to conclude that the pulsative property proceeds long them Do the heart. For in severa animal the arteries domo apparenti differ stomthe eins an in extreme part of the ody, here the arteriesare minute ly subdivideo, as in the brain the and sci, o ne could distinguisti the arteries Dona the ein by the dissimilarcharacter of thei Coat the tunic o both are identical Andthen, in an an euris proceed in Do m a Ounde or erode dariery the pulsation is precisely the fame S in the ther arteries, and et it has no proper arteria covering To his the earn edKiolanus testistes long illi me, in his eventi Book. Nor et nyone imagine that the se of the pulse and thereSpiration are the fame, hecause, unde the influence of the Same CRUSOS, Sucho running angor the warm balli, O any ther
These an other objections of the fame in may be urgedagain St the opinion mentioned. Nor are the vieius that areenteriai ne of the offices an pulse of the eari perhaps leSShound p ith great an mos ineX tricabie difficulties. Theheari, it is vulgari faid, is the fountain and worksho of the vital spiriis the centre rom hence lis is dispense to the severat paris of theiody. et it is dente that the right ventricle mal es Spiriis, hicli is ather hel to suppi nourishmento the lungS.
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For these reason it is maintaine that shes are ithou any right ventricle an indeed very animal Want a right ventriclewhicli is un furnishe with lungs), and that the right ventricle is present solet for the salie of the lungs. I. Why, I ask, when e Se that the Structurem both ventriclesis almost identi Cal thereae in the Same apparatu of fibres, and bracOS, and ValVOS, An VeSSelS, and alariclOS, and each in the fame way in ur dissections are found to e fille up ith lΟΟd similari blacti in colour, an Coagulated-why, ask, should their uses e imagine to e different, hen the Ction move-ment, an pulse of both are the fame Θ f the three tricuspidvalves place at the en trance in to the right ventricle prove obstacles to the reflux of the bl ood in to the vena cava, and is thethree semit una valves hicli are Siluate at the commen cemento the pulmonar arter be there, that the may revent theretur of the blood in to the ventricle hy, heia, find similarstructu res in Connection illi the est Ventricle, hould e deny that thenare there M the fame en d O Provent in here the egress, there the regurgitatio of the bl ood 2. An again, heri e Se that theSO Structu res in poliat offige, form, an Siluation, and almos in Uery respect the Same in the est as in the right ventricte, hyrahould it be aid that thingsare arrange in the forme for the egreS an regress of Spiriis, in the alter o right ventricte, o the bl Ood poli fame arran gement cannotae hel fitte to favou or impede the motion ofbloo and of spirit indifferently. 3. And whe we observe that the passage and esset areseverati in relation to ne nother in Ointis Sige, vis. the pulmonar artery to the pulmonar Ue in S, hy Should the ne bedestine to a private purpOSe that o nourishing the lungs, theother ora public function 4. And, S ealdus Columbus says, it is probable that suci aquantit of lood hould e require so the nutritio of thel ungs the esse that te ad to them, the vena arteriosa orPulmonar arter bein os greater capacit than both the illac Veins pS. Andes further ask, a the lung aremonear, an in Continual
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movement, and the esset that supplies them is os such dimensions, what is the se or meaning of the pulse of the right ventricle tand why was Nature reduce to the necessit of adclin another ventrici for the sole purpose of nourishing the lungsci hen it is sal that the est ventricle draws materiat so the formation o Spiriis, ir, and lood, rom the lungs and right sinuses of the heari, an in like manne send spirituous lood in to the orta, drawin fuliginoia vapour then Ce, an Sending the by the pulmonary Velias in to the lungs, hence spirit areat the fame time obtaine sor transmission into the orta I askhOW, and by ha means, is the separatio effected y An horucomes it that spirit an fuliginous vapour Can pas hi the and thithe without admixture or confusion the mitra cuspidate valve do no prevent the egres O fuliginous vapours to thel ungs,AEO Should the oppos the scape flair 8 An horushould the semiiunars hin de the regressi spirit isto the ortaupon acti supervenin diastole of the earti bove ali horuca thensa that the spirituous blood is sent rom the pulmonaryve in by the est ventricle in to the lungs withou any obstacte totis passage rom the mitra valves, heia the have reviOustyasserte that the at entered by the fame esse sto the lungs in to the est ventricle an have brought forward these fame mitrat valves as obstacles to iis retrogression 8 ood God horushould the mitrat valves preverat the regurgitation o air an not
have it that at passes through his esset Do the lungs in to theles ventricle that fuliginous vapour escape by it rom the heartinio the lungs and that a portio of the spirituous lood is distribute to the lungs for thei refrestiment. I the wil have it that sumes an air fumes flowin Dom,air proceeding toward S, the hearl-are transmitte by the same
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o bellows, and then tying the trachea securely, he wil find, when he has lai open the thorax, abundance of air in the lungs, even to their Xtrem investin tunic, ut non in ei ther the Pulmonary Veins, or est ventricle of the heart. ut did the hearteither attractini froni the lungs, o di the lungs transmit nyai to the heari, in the living dog much more ought this to belli case in the Xperiment usi referre to who, in deed, dou bis that didae inflate the lungs of a subject in the dissecting-room, he would instanti se themi mali in iis Way by this rout e werethere actuali an suci, passage or i t ut his office of the Pulmonary O in S, nam ely the transferenCe of air stom the lungsto theleari, is heldi suci importance, that Hiero mus Fabricius of Aquapendente, contend that the lungs ere made so the sal eos this esset, and that it constitutes the principat element in their
were destine for the conveyance of air, it has the structu re os ablood-Vesse here. Nature ad ather nee o annula iubes,
Such a thos of the ronchia, in orde that the might tways rem ain Open, an noti liablerio collapse and that the might Continue entiret De Dom lood, est the liquid should intersere with the passage of the air, as it so obviousi does hen thel ungilabour rom ein either greatly oppresse or loade in ales degre with phlegm, a the are hen the reath in is performe with a sibilous o ratilin notSe. Stili testis that opinion to e tolerated hich, as a twosold
materiai, ne aereat, ne Sanguineous, i require so the compo-
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sitioni vita spiriis supposes the lood lo ooge through the septum os the hear Do the right to the lest ventricte by certain
secretiores, and the air orae attracte fro the lung throughthe reat esset, the pulmonary Vein and whicli con Sequently, wil have it, that there are numerous pore in the Septum of theliear ad apte for the transmission of the lood But byHerculeS, no su Ch ores an e demonstrated nor in actio anysuch Xist. For the septum os the heari is of a dense an more Compaci Structure than an portio of the ody, except thebones an SinewS. ut even Supposing that there were foramina o pores in his sit uation, ho could ne of the ventricles X tractanythin Do the ther-the est, g. Obtain lood rom theright when e se that both ventricies contractinia dilate simul
the right Ventricle through these foramina But it is certainlymysterious an incongruous that blood should e supposed tolemost Commodiousi drawn through a se of obscure or invisibie ducis, and air through perfecti ope PaSSages, at ne and the Same moment. An why, Pasti, is recourse ad to secret an dinvisibi porosities, o uncertain an obscure Channeis, O Xplain the passage of the blood in to the est ventricle, hen there is soopen a way through the pulmonary vein. Pown it has alwaysappeared Xtraordinar to me that they hould have chosen tomahe or ather o imagine a anthrough the thicli, hard dense, and OSt compaci septum of the heari, ather than ake that by the ope pulmonar Vein, Or Uen through the lax, sost, and Spong Substance of the unges a large Besides, is the lood could permeate the substance of the septum, o couldie imbibed
an vein branches of hicli procee to the septum iiset 'o suppi it illi nourishmendi And what is specialty orthyis notice is this i in the foetus, here verythin is more lacandsost, Nature a herself reduce to the necessit os bring in theblood rom the right into the est fide of the hear by the foramen
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modio usty, and without an effori, through the septum of the ventricles, hichias no beco me denseri age Andreas Laurentius resting on the authorit of sialen' and the eXperience of Hollerius, asseris an proves that the serum an pus in empyema, absorbe fro in cavities of the hestini the pulmonary Vein, a be Xpelle and go rid of iththe urine an faeces through the est ventricle of the ear an darteries. e quotes the casei a certain person affected illimelancholia, and who sumere froni repeate laint in fils, howas reli eve seo the paroXysm OniasSin a quantity of turbid, fetid, and acri urine But e die a last, or out by thecliseas and when the bod Camerio e pene aster eath, nofluid like that he had ictu rate was discovere either in thebl adde or in the kidneys ut in the est Ventricle of the eartan cavit of the thora plent of it was et with. An then Laurentius boast that he had predicte the cause of the
since he had divine an predicte that heterogeneous mattercould e discli arge by the ourse e indicates, hy he could no or Ouid not perceive, an inform us that in the naturalstate of things, the loo might e commodio usi transferredfroni the lungs to the est ventricle of the ear by the ery
Since there re Dom the foregoin Consideration an many other to the fame effect it is plain that what has hereto re beensai concerning the movement an functio of the ear and arteries US APPear obscure inconsisten or even impossibi tollim ho carestilly consider the entire subject it,ill e prope tolook more narrowly into the matter, to contemplate the movemento the hear an arteries, nolint in man, ut in ali animal that have earis and also by frequent appeal to vivisectio and Continua ocula inspection, to investigate an discern the truth.
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o discovering the movement an uses of the heari, an sought to discove these rom actua inspection, an no sto the writings of thers, und thetast so trul arduous, o fuit os dissiculties that was almost tempte to thinii, illi Fracas orius, that the movement of thelieart was nint be comprehende by God For I couldieitherrighil perceive at ii si hen the systole and when the diastoletook place, Orohen and where dilatatio an contractionOCCurred by reason Os the rapidit of the move ment, hicli in many animaliis accomplislied in the winkling of an ye, comingandioin like a flasti os lighining so that the systole presentediiset to me no stom his Oint, no from that the diastole
mind was there re greatly ungetlled, o di I no what Ishould myseli conclude, nor ha belleve stomothers. was no surprised that Andreas Laurentius hould have ritte that the movement of the ear was a perplexin a the lucandreflux of Euripusia appeare to Aristolle. At ength, and by using greater an dati diligence and investigation mal in frequent inspectio of many an various animais, an Collatin numerous observations thought that lia attaine to the truth, that should extricate mysei andescape rom his labyrinth, and that Phad discovere what somuch destred, both the movemen and the se of the ear and arteries. Fro that time have o hesitate to expose myViews pon these Subjecis, nolint in private tom hiends, butalso in public in m anatomicat lectures, after the manne of the Academy of Old.
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chi an calumniate me, an laid it to merus a crime that Phaddare to depari rom the precepi and opinionis ali Anato misis others destre further explanations of the novellies, hicli theysat were both worthyis consideration, an might per hance be undis signat se At tength, ield in to the equest os mysriends that ali might be made participator in m labours, and parti moVed by the enV of Others, ho, receivin m Vie Swith uncandi mind an understanding them indifferently have essaye to traduce me publi Cly, I have been move to committhes things to the press in orde that ali a be nable toform an opinion both of me an m labours. his te I alieal the more illingly seein that Hiero mus Fabricius of Aquapenaeente, although he has accurat ei and earn edi delineale almost very one of the severat paris of animal in aspectat work has est the hear alon uniouched. inalty i any use oriene fit to this depariment of the republic o letters shouldaCCrue Dona m labours, it ili perhaps be allowed that have not live id ly, and a the old an in the Omedy ayS VOR everset hara any one attainedTo sucis perfection, ut that time, andstace, Andiso have brough ad Dion to his nowled e Io made correction, or admonishedraim,