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given him to insto in the midst os the ciu; and no one maesit a matter of discussion, or imagines that it does not occurior some Nason, or that it occura by the mill of his God, Without having valoe. Is our God, t , is have a sacrifice of His o n, had required martyrdoms ior Himself, who mould have reproached Him for the de ly religion, and the mour fui ceremoniis, and the alta pyre, and the underishe priest, and not rather have counted hapy the man whom God inould have deuoured 8. - ep the fore to the one position, and, in respectos this question oesy, summon to an encounter, Whethermari doms have been commanded by God, that Du may bellove stat they have been commandia is reason, ii Duknow that they have been commanded by Ηim, becaum God ill not command ought without reason. Since tho death MHis own ininis is proclous in His sight, as David sings,' it isno Ι thiis, that one Whicli salis to the tot of men generalinand is a debl duo is est raster is that one even disgra fulon account of uio charge of trespam, and the desert os com
Whita is mei in this very Work-in bearing Witnem for restigion, and maintaining the figlit os confession in bellati ofrighteo nisa and the sacrament. M satin Esaias, See hoW the righteous man perisheth, and no one 'veth it to
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396 TERTULLIANUS sidereis it: for Dom besore the face of unrighteo nem thorioinous man pertineth, and he shali havs honour at hisburiat. in Here, ino, uou have both in announcement of martyrdoms, and Do the recompense they bring. From thobeginning, indeed, righteousness suffers violence. Forth ith, as soon as God has begun to be morshipped, religion has mi ill-will for her portion. He Who had pleased God is flain, and that is his brother. Beginning With hindred Nood, inorder stat it might the more eastly go in quest of that of strangere, ungodlinem made the object of ita purauit, finalty, that not only of righteous persons, but even Oi propheta alio. David is persecuted; Elias put to flicti; Jeremias sisnod; Esaias cui afunder; Zacharias bulchered belween the altarand the temple, imparting to the hard stones lasting matas othis biood. That person himself, at the closo of the laW and the propheis, and called not a prophet, but a messenger, is, suffering an ignominious death, beheaded is re ard a dancinygiri. Αnd certainly they Who wero mont di bo ted by tho Spiritos God used is be guided by Himself to martyrdoms; sothat they had even Hready to endure What they had also pr
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ing tho truth. Such commands as meli as instances, remounting to earliest times, ahoW that bellevera are under obligation to suffer martyrdom. 9. Ιt remains for us, test ancient times may perhaps have
have commanded either no martyrdoms at all, or those Whichmust be underatood in a sense different from the ordina , being such a person as to urge no one to a rish of this hind, as to promise no reWard to them Who suffer ior Him, because He does not Wish them to suffer; and thereiare does He
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upon ali the possessors of the name, on Whom the name, alongmith the condition that it M an object of hatred, mill rest. Buthe who mill endum on to the en this man mill be savia.
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400 TERTULLLANUS ess as the dental, although the mode of putting them is
disserent. IIo who consesses himself a Christian, Mareth witness that he is Christ's; he who is Chrises must be in Christ. ΙΤ hs is in Christ, he certainly confesses in Christ, When he consesses himself a Christian. For lio cannot bothis mithout boing in Christ. Besides, by consessing in Christ ho consesses Christ too; since, by virtve of being a
Christian, he is in Christ, whilo ChristJ Himself also is in
fesses that likewiso by whieh he is it, that is, Christ. Ther fore he who has dented that ho is a Christian, has dented in Christ, is denying that he is in Christ whilo ho dentes that he is a Christian; and, On tho other hand, by denying that Christ is in him, whilo Ho dentes that he is in Christ, hemill deny Christ too. Thus both ho Who mill deny in Christ ill deny Christ, and ho who will confess in Christ Will confess Christ. It would havo been enough, thereiore, though
stat is that dental is repaid by the Lord mitti deniat, justas confession is With consession. And thereiare, since in themould in Whicli the consession has been cast the state of thecase With reserenco toJ dental also may bs perceived, it is evident that to another manner of dental belonga What tho Lord has announced concerning it, in tems different Domitiose in Which He spealis ot confession, when He says, oWill deny mo,' not μ Who will dony in me.' For Ho hinioreseen that this form os violence also Mould, sor the most pari, immediately follo when any one had been forced torenounce the Christian name, that he who had doniod thathe was a Christian would bo compelled to deny Christ Him-
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him is denying that he is a Christian, ho has denita Chrisq
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402 TERTULLIANUS validating a comparison Det een tho tWο EndsJ, both thocharacteristim of the race and a unique property. For evenit tho life was lainted, so that condemned is contempt it might bo likoned is objecta held in contempt, the natum Wasnot forinwith inhen aWay, so that there might be supposedis M another under iis name. Rather is the natum preserved,
Iess in me before men in heaven, I also Will confera in him foro my Father Who is in heaven ' Ηρ ought to have saved me from this mistahe about confession on inrth, WhichΗε mould not have Wished me to tae part in, is He had commanded one in heaven; for I know no oster men buttho inhabitants of tho earth, man himself even not haringnp to that time been observed in heaven. Besides, Whatis tho credibiliu of the things fallegeM, stat, being aster
to a command whers I could not come, but to find admittance' Heaven lies open to tho Christian beforo inoway to it does; because there is no Way in heaven, butio Um to whom heaven lies open; and he who reaches it
hear you assim to exist in accordanco mitti Roman supe
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os ascent, and is such as to pour forin his abundance Di materfJ over tho earth ; ' ' know that both that way of ascent was thereaster levelled With tho ground, by the foοtsteps otthe Lord, and an enuance therealter opened up by themight oi Christ, and that no delay or inquest mill meet Christians on tho threshest sinco they have there to benot discriminated hom ono another, but omed, and notput to the question, but received in. For though you thinhheaven still shut, remember that the Lord test here in Peter, and through him to tho church, the heys of it, Which everyone Who has been here put to tho question, and also madeconfession, Will caro mith him. But the devit stoutly am sinat me must confess there, to persuade us that we must deny
io one to remaa further, Is it is in heaven that men must confess, it is hero too that they must deny. For Where theono is, there both are. For contraries alWays go together. Thoro will need to be carried on in heaven persecution eVen, whicli is the occasion os confession or dental. Why, then, do yοu retrain, o most presumptuous heretic, hom tran porting to the worid above the whole series of means properto tho intimidation os Christianis, and especialty to put there the very hatred for the name, Where Christ reses at tho righthand of tho Fatheri Will you plant there both synagogues
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armed auctorities, foro Whom tho matrer at imus must Meont ted. Assuredly thero mill bo in heaven a prison also, destituto of tho sun's rvs or fiat os light unthanhiesin and letters of the gones perhus, auri for a rac horae, ths axis
ii there bo then, in heaven, both an e , and suffering, and hilling, and tha fidit consession ' And whero will botho flesh requisito sor ait this mero tho boo Whichalons has to bo Essed by men ' Unerring reason has commandin us to set forth these things in even a playies manner; nor mill any one thrust out the bar consisting in this orie tion me have offereM, so as not to bo compelled to transferino Whole array of means proper to persecution, ait thepo resul instrumentali Which has boen providod for deal-ing With this matter, to tho placo Whero he has put thoeouri before Whicli confession should be made. Since comsession is elicited by persecution, and persecution ended in consession, thera cannot but be at the fame time, in attonMance upon these, the instrumentality Which doterminos bothino entrance and the exit, stat is, tho beginning and the end. But both hatred for tho namo mill bo here, and persecutionbreas out here, and botrual brings men forin here, and