Trimalchio's dinner

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ania Version. It was the sirs partis Petronius orae made nown in the Middie Ages, ein translated into id rench by the riest Heber about the ea Ι2OO It fornis the basis of one of the tabliaucentilled La Femme ui se Fis Putat fur a Fosse deson Mari. It is cited by oh of Salisbury. La Fontaine has expandesit into ne of his mos Successsu poenas, eliminatin the gruesome eatures of the original Voltatre has maderit the basis of his celebrate storyZadig. t is even quoted by so graVe a divine a Jerem Taylor in his uti and Exercise of Hol laing, here it fornas, incongrUOUSi enough, a par of the fifth hapteron the prope way of treatin the dead Asthis stor is no contained in the portionis Petronius translate in the present Volume, it ma beatven here by way of illustration.

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hair, an beatin her bosom in presence of alibelloiders; ut accompanted the dear departed evento his ast homeri and when his Ody ad been lai in the sepulchre in the Gree manner, hemade herset iis uardian, and wept ove it both nigh and day. While he was thus affictin her-self, and threatentia her own eatha Starvation, nettherae parent nor her relations could dissuadeher frona her purpose even the magistrates Diled in the Same attempt4 an ali Ephesus bewailed this exemplar and incomparabie oman wh waS

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28 Introduction

in his bellais.

Hi a word, the ad observe the fame abstinence in his respect as in the ther, and the gallant soldie was a second time successsul in his

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persuasions. The passe not ni that firsteven in together, ut the ex night also and thenex night after that the oors of the tonab eingos Course Carefult Closed so that is an one, friendo Stranger, should Come thither, he would conclude that this mos virtuous of ive had die ove thebod of her hiisband Meanwhile the oldier, delighted with the beaut of his mistres and withthe myster of the intrigue bought for her at thegood things his means Could procure, and RS OOna night Came, Carried them into the tomb. In the mea time, the relatives of ne of the malefactors, Observing the Caretes snes of the guard,

mayed a the consequences to himself tellin herthat he would notiswait the sentence of the udge, but that his own word should punish his negligenee, ould sh oni afford in sepulture, and join the love to the hvsband in that fata place. Nayd replied the nocies Compassionate than Chaste matrono the god forbi that Iciliould have

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In emulation o Aristides and his school, there pran Uria hos o story-writers hogave to thei collections the illes Ephesian,

Babylonian Cyprian, Egypti an Sybaritic,

Naxian, Pallenian Lydian, Trojan, and Bithynia Tales, many of the writers of whicli are amon thos quote by Parthenius These tortes do no seem to have differed, excepi in name, fio those of Miletus and they fin thei descendanis and literar parallel in such producis of pornographic ingenuityrus the Cent Nouvelles Aouvelles of Louis XL o France and the Contes rotatique o Honore de algac. The fame themes ere repeate again and again illi an infinity o variations in detallwhicli di not however, preserve them Dom

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livet and is ne continues his stud of them it is ather ecause of thei socio logica interest, as ivin a realistic pictureo the morais and manners of the AsiaticGreelas, than for thei literar value Their subjecis ad a very limite range There appeared ver and Ver again the mistresswho exploit her loVer, the lover lio cheatshi mistress hvsband who et the favourso their ives, athers ho abando theirchild ren, - staVes, paraSiteS, OckeyS, actorS, - a kaleidoscopic hir of sensual lis and sordid cynicism, indicative of the deca of the sterne viriues of the olde Greelas, lio, though they orshippe beauty, couple italways in thei thoughis illi strength and vigour. et it need not e supposed that the pictures ive in the Milesia Tales Were o weepingi indicative of holesale corruption a might a firs appea to e thecase. The Greelas, Ven to the last, epithei home liferas a thing apari, - a thing not

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oni secluded frona the wori a large, ut also, to a great Xtent, rom the pages of literature Behind the velle doors of theganaeceum the ainter o contemporar char acter id not venture t in truderi and public sentiment ould no have tolerated these scandalous storie is old about the omes and household of the De Greelas Henceit is that the edraggled heroes and heroines of the Milesian ales ere either mythicalpersonages o legen and story, or eis se eigners, lave giri and courtesans, reedmen and Deedwomen, o individual of stillhumbier station. The public for hom thetales ere ritte Was also a Very specialpublic - a public suchos that for hicli Maupassant and Mendes have written in Our Wn time, - a public o libertine and kept-women, hose aded senses found astimulus only in the mos subile refinements of depraVity. In the third and fourth centUries C. Greece came into definite rand permanent

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lenic Xclusivenes whicli ad made thems set centred and so indifferent to X-traneous influence. The rilliant victories at Marathon and Salamis and lataea, and, later, the conquering marchi Alexander the

Great stirre ali imaginations Lilae Rome in the time of the Punic ars, and like England in the days of Eligabeth, Greecetasted of the inspiratio that comes Dombates and foretgn conquest; and this ne spirit in Greece, as in Rome and in England, find a distinc reflection in iis later iterature There a somethin in the at that stirred men' minds, a gro in fondnes for adventure for exploration, o discoVery, and

hence e find the developinent at this timeo a ne tendency in the history o prose fiction, hici, o begins to lines theevolutio of the historica romance and thenove os adventure. Instances of the former

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3 Introduction

are to e seen in the Atlantis o Plato and the Cyropaedia os Xenophon hicli served asmodet in modern times for the topia ofSi Thomas ore and the Ne Atlantis of Francis acon. In the Cyropaedia e findili firsi romantic love-story that canae dis- covered in the existin rem ain o Greelaliteratureri et these ork of Plato and of Xenophon are chiefly politica in thei interest and have litti place in an purelyliterary category. The romance of adventure find an illustration in the novet writte by one Antonius Diogenes and entille The arvel boondThule. t telis of the adventures of xyOUngArcadian, Dinias, hos love foro Tyriangiri Dercyllis, furnishes a tender plotiponwhicli are trun together a series of hortstorie or episodes hich have litile connec-tion illi acti ther, ut hicli afford theaUtho an opportunit to display his livelyimaginatio an his mastery of the im