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generali to transitive verbSin, hicli a rare in early Latin, rsthecam genera in Cicero. s. a. ne Gentiore religionum Cic. Verri III. 62. I xle una nem mentior. Dens Caesar, B. G. VI. 6. I, Say of themauis, natio est omnis admodum edita religionibus. et interim For the se of interim here and in o se n.
23 nec . . Solum J Nec Serve to connec thi sentence illi the precedingone, but it negative sorcemni extend to the abi abS. et non Romanis
et fatali fuerant Fuerant is here sed in iis prope Sense See n. nI3. Io to describe a State reviOuSi exiSting the had been or ometime anderer in the land . et ex Latio voluntariis The Latins ould have been bound to et pthe Roman in accordance it the term of the Latin League se n. o I9 5ὶ it is probabi that the ravage of the Gaul in Latium madethem eager so theiriwn alterio mali common cause illi the RomanS. in parte γ aedae essent For the Phras cf. I. 5 an VI. 5. 6, et ipse in parte praedae sis. I praedae reser to the spolis hicli,ere tobe on rom the auis, heiriope Seem Omewhat remature. 26 4. repeti The passive infinitive, as Sual, after an impersonalpredicaten cf. D placuit acciri an See n. no 3. . et caput The sugitives a Veii ad conferre the command o thecenturion Caedictus, ut he of course a no quali fiexto underiali any important operationS. et g G. ductu auspicioque The fame phras occurii 49 6. Besorean important militar operation it a usual for the commandingonice to tali the auSpices 'enc auspicio or auspiciis whic occurs in D camerio mean unde the leadershi of V. Unde the Empire allossicer Were SuppOSed to ac unde the auspicia of the Emperor cf. Tac Anu. ΙΙ. I recepta signa ductu Germanici, auspiciis Tiberii. 3 commisSurum cur. . . an involve Sentence. Caedictus declared that he would notinive cause or ei ther Od or an to terminat his tenurem command i. e. he would not ait for missortune or a superior authority), ut he would ather himself demand the appotniment Dagenerat. cur o quare is frequently found after committere in Cicero, Caesar
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ient pomer in the state. It would not have been likel that in sodesperate a case at the orm of the constitution ould have been observed Other authorities domo mentio that the Senate a consulted, while Diodorus XIV. II 6 telis us that Pontiu Cominius entere the Capitolini t encourage the besieged, and that the wa was concluded without any intervention on the partis Camillus. See Introductio giet.
rerum . . . rebus uSed in two disserent senses.
s requently occur in LiVT Cf. III. 27. 5.nglectum custodia This phras occurs in XXIV. 46. I; Cf. VII. 36. Iser intermissa custodiis loca. CusIodia in this ense is more osten Mundi the plurat. I DIO. senatus consulto It is implied that Pontius di not wait sorthe comitia to e summoned, ut received the assurance of the Senatethat Camillus shouldae legali appotnted. comitiis curiatis ... iussu ostiis fio the order of the word should probably bothie alien with revocatus de exsilio. The account is consused an inaccurate. Either iv or the authorit whom e followed con- sused the functions of the disterent comitia, for the comitia curiata agno competento recali an exile oro conser iligenship although itu ould probabi have to e consul ted illi reserene to the readmissionos an exile to his gens Camillus as an exile could no regat his civicright without a specia vote of the eople. The restoratio of his citigerishi probabi too place in the comitia centuria a no curiata; cf. I. I); and we ma infer Domihi PaSSage, and DOm XXII. I . II dic alor ex auctoritate atrum populique iussu dictus that Camillus as appotnte dictator, o in the ordinar Way by nominatio of the consula tribune buti an extraordinar vote os the comitia. 1 de exsilio Camillus ad only been sentence to a fine 32 9 and had voluntarii gone into exile. Livy' narrative implies that he had durin his absence been condemne to exile. Possibi the comitia ad passed a vote id es iustum exsilium esse Cf. XXVI. 3. 23 in an CaSe
I militesque. . . vellent This clause ives the effect an not a theprece ling clause the substance of the senatus consultum.
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that Camillus a summone Dom Ardea to ei and thencerio Rome; in XXII. 3. Io an I . II Liv spealis os him albeing recalled Do Veii. seu quod. . dictus Both the SenSe and the constructio of this passage are extremel involved. Sive is omitte in the sirs clause missi. . . perduxe e. The alternative theorie are i that Camillus test Ardea sorVeii immediatet onaearing of the senatus consultum, et that he waitedat Ardea unti heaeard that his recali an appotniment had been legallypassed cf. Val. ax. IV. I. in . The principat Statemen is containedin the last word of the hapter lex curia a. . . dictuS. 13 frofectum This oblique statementia novioverning verb; probablythe influence os credere extend to this clause, although it is in parenthesis.17 mutari nibus change his place of abode'. Mutari in phrases like this reser onlyrio change os place; nibus is probabi an ablativeo manner, or of Separation. f. Lucr. I. 681 mutari ordine; Cic. pro Balb. II. et mutari civitate. 18 lex curiat J Liv thought that Camillus a recalled by acla passedat the comitia curiata Se n. 114 Io). Lex curias usuali denotes thelex de imperio conferring imperium o the magiStrateS.CΠΑΡΤΕ XLVII. et g 1. arx Capitoliumque The two summit are here distinguished See n. Ia 39. 9ὶ, ut their loSe connectio is hown by the se of a predicate in the Singular. et g a. namque Galli There as a tradition disregarde by Lio, that the Gaul attached the Capitoli means of a mine. Cicero in two passages alludes to the Gallorum cuniculus, through,hicli the enteredili Capitol pro Caec. 3o. 88 Phil. III 8. o). et sua sponte by themSelves', .e Without noticin the Molprint of
PontiuS. 24 ad Carmentis se aedem, hicli is osten omitted in his construction. The temple of Carmentis o Carmenta , ho was sal to have been themother of Evander an to have ive oracles, wa o the outh-weStsiope of the Capitol. I gave iis nam to the Porta Ca aen alis in the Servian wall. ascensu aequo where the Scent a eaSy', abi. Os quality, descriptive of Saas.
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a animal The apposition is irregula not ni hecause of the combinationi singula an plural cf. 29. et butaecause animal, hicli is a genera term i in apposition to canes, denoting the particular dog onthe Capitol. 3 g Q. sacris unonis This attribute, hich should qualis anseres,
is put in the relative Sentence: f. 9 7 iocos, quo inconditos iaciunt. For the gen. illi sacris CL XXIV. 3. Sacrum cae secuS. 3 tamen lay StreS on tu Summa i=losia, not illistandin their deSperat need'.
32 M. Manlius Se n. on 3I. . It is not orth whil to criticis this legendis Rome' salvation, he historica truth of which could scarcelybe established. The Romans belleve it themselves, and Severat Cu StomSwhicli the observe illustrate thei belles. Cicero pro Roscio m. 2o. 56 telis S that dog and geese ere alwaysaeptis the Capito an dlaod a supplied to the gees by the censor at the public expenSQ. ΜOreOVer Veryaea there a a procession in Rome in hicli a dogfixed ora crosS, an a goose, lothed in gold an purpi an seate in alitter, ere carrie through the streets. The legend might have been invente to explain these cuStomS. s. 58. simul with the participi ciens, Se n. Ο 52. I. ceteros ... ceteriJ The repetition is emphatic, Manlius di not, ait orthe est, and the di no emulate his bravery. si cuius casus rotassis alie en cis subjective, an prolapsi explain the manne of his fali; cf. frolapsu cecidit, 21. 16. missilibus probabi quali fies both telis an saxis.1, a G. praeteritum quoque thei peril even though paSt', Se n. On35. 6. Ii DF ad concilium . . . ad tribunosJ to an assembly besore the tribunes'. Usualty the preposition are Varied, ut Cf. 45. I. 9. 12 et recte et perseram facIOD The use of participies qualified by adverbs o goVerning cases as in D detractum corpori in a substantiva senseris noteWOrthy participies used a substantives generali log thei verbal character The construction, hicli occur elsewhere in Liv XXXVIII.
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goo clamore militum. See n. n 2. Ι . H. cui in hos honour The relative is sed although eius follows in the Same laUSO. 15 quae in arce erant See n. On 3Ι. 2.16 rem dictu parvam in apposition to the sentence, as rem incredibilem IV. 7. or mirabile dicIu in Vergil. ceurum here impi martis a contrast ille M. I corpori atque usibus necessariis almos formine dea Musibus corporis. sto g more militari See n. O I9. . 23 'o culpam ... noxae uSed in the Same sense Nox originalty meant uri or arm XXXVI. I. 3ὶ seo that the meaning o fauit, crime, hici, the wordiear here, as derived, and lastisit,as extendedio mea punishment VIII. 28 8 noxam merere).24 de saxo Ero the Tarpeian roch, hich lay in the id of the Capito to ard the river, traiior Were hurled.
31 Da loco The proper orde is castra habenti loco no iacente. . .
p. 59. et Da intolerantissima Froni the participi tolerans, thenegative adjective intolerans is formed, hicli is frequently ound witha genitive in Liv IX. 8. I quartιm nemo intolerantior fuit). his clause Whicli is explaine by umorique. . . adsuefa form the tranSition to Livy's account of the busta Gallica. angiore suffocation ' fro the ashes and ust. figritia sepeliendi f. I. II. 5 si risia mi Iandi an See n. n
5 inde Doni that cause', or stom that time'. locum f. XXII. I . o media in urbe qua nunc busta Gallica sunt; we have no more definite information.
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1 fanis This legend was adornedi Ovid With many poetica delatis
Fast. I. 35o L). The action a intende to concea sto the enemythe grievousnes of the lamine. A SomeWhat Simila tale os a pretence
dilectum habety Habere illi an accusative osten denotes the persor- mance of Ome formali ossiciat aci, senatum gra), contionem, conloquium D in orationem. 1 abducer See Critica Appendix. quibus the antecedent eos, aliose forces' is omitted.
stariones is sed of the place of watch. I9 se quoque, non solum cibo The Sual orde is reversed. 2 cum Stationes procederens may mean in Sentinet ut was alwaysgoing on' procedere is then sed in a sense omewhat simila to that whicli it bear in 7. et aera procedere). The PhraS may OWeVermean wheneve the sentineis en on uty' procederent is then the subjunctive of repeate action. et dedi vel redimiri equivalent tomiddie or reflexive VerbS CL 2Ι. 4. et iactantibus hinting'. iv bring into stron relie everythingwhich could mitigate the disgrace of the surrenderi Rome Food WaSsailing, hope of aid rom Camillus a give up and the defender Weres enseebled that the could carcet stan upright on uty, hen the Gauis inte that the would grant eas terms . his ast motive, whicli is expresse by means of an abl. abs., is reatly the principalidea, and orm the natura transition to the nex Section.
et g B. mille pondo auri Pondo the ablative os a substantive hinto pondus by weighthis properi used With another substantive denotingthe weight cf. III. 29. 3 IV. O. 4 coronam auream libram pondo.
More osten libra is omitte an pondo illi a numerat denotes thenumber of pounds, achere milia, mille librarum. et g s. per se The reflexive in prepositional phrases per e, infer e, is osten Mund qualisyindia ord whicli is no the grammatical subject of the sentence cf. 9 8 inclinata per Se lebe. 3 vae victis Festus p. 37 et telis us that, rom his saying o BrennuS,
vae victis paSSed into a proverb.
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CHAPTER XLIX. 1 DI prohibuere acina 8 With in s. Se n. O 26. 5. redemptos This secondar predicate contain the principat dea. p. 60. 1 forte qua ni Forte usuali an adverb is Mund as a
the directio of the ods S in his paSsage dique et homines is sol lowed by forte cf. II. I fortunam aut uenzquam Eorum I. . forte quadam divinitus, an in Gree θείη τύχη Hdt. I. 263. Mancould no comprehend)ow this power orked, and there re attributed evenis, the cause of whichae didiso understand to fortune. merces fersiceretur before the an som a completed 3 dictator intervenit It is generali thought that the stor os Camillus preventin the ranso an dri ving ut the Gaul was the patrioticinvention o Some annalist se Introductio go et Liv himself in X. I 6 6 XXII. 59. 7 allude to the angom as havin reatly been aid. Da iniussu suo As oon a a dictator a appotnte his poweroverrode that o ait ther magistrates, wh could ni ac unde his authority. The actio of the consula tribune in malain term withthe auis a there remo valid without the consent of Camillus, and the Romans at man disserent poclis howe ho ready the were torepudiate a contraci conclude by one of thei ossicers, is it entailed onthem a los whicli might be avoided. inferioris iuris Magistrates ere Sal to posSex Izaior, far Or Izinor potestas in relation to thei superiors, thei Colleague o thei inferiorS. A magistrate of maior solestas could alway S reven or Verride theactioni his inferior.
1, fani deum reseri in particular to the nationat temple in the Capitol but there ere probabi other Stili stan ling. 1a ulcisciJ The participi tilius occur more than Once in a passive Sen Se II. 17 7 an SalluStaui 3I 8 uses ulcisci passively, ut it is more likel that Livnis here combining active an passive infinitives, ashe frequently doeS.I si inaequali in agreement With solo, quali fied by natura.
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stiis The reflexive refers to the subject of the principat clause, although the relative claus is direct audio oblique.
5. nova re at the change in their ortunes'. 17 verterat See n. n 8 9. 18 rem Romanam L the fortunes of Rome'. i momento emori'. Se n. 1 52. I and cf. XXI. 43. o perlevi momento victi Sunt.
incondisos rough, unpolished'. f. IV. 53. o incondisi versus militari licentia iactati. O the position os inconditos in the relative ClauSe, Se n. n 7. . TheS Granina rum halia ere ridiculous and obscene VerSes, Sun with a vie to aver the evi eye fascinium). The evit eye was mos emcactous hen human happines appeare tole reateSt, and a me belleved, it could est be averte by obscene Symbol and obscene verses. Se Munro, Catullus, p. 76 and 78.et, haud manis I tu malles considerable Se o litotes, an generallywith haud cf. aud maiore gra haud dubie 48. 7 haud vi na. 29 B. cum prohibuit migrari L in preventin a migration ' See n.
p. 61. intentius i.e more eenly than the had advocate the Same
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6 effutitysc. ad senatum. Da facit he go a decree paSsed', i. e. he proposed a decreewhich was accepted by the Senate cf. IV. I. 3 Senatus consultum fecerunt. The substance of this decree is put in the subjunctive, ut bein omitted. quod quoad, in sociar as'. his restrictive se of quod is familiari suci phrage a quod fossum, quod sciam, quod attinet it seem tobe ometimes, o ever, applied to ordinar eXPreSSionS, S in quod continens memoria sit Cic. ad Att. I. I. I quod adhuc coniectura
provideri possit. See Critical Appendix.
Ierminarentur It is probable that in ome cases the bound of the sacre encloSures had ecome obscure an had tot retraced. expiarentur L cleanSed', notis in Q Cf. 53. I. The reSence of the auis had defited the temples and lustration va neceSSary. in libris Psc. Sibinnis. Se n. on 3. 5. Although the Sibylline book were chiefl concerned illi Gree religion the were also consulted a to the method of appeasing the nationaliods. i Da hospitium sublice ferer Se n. on 28. 5. In later times thesestiendi relations belween the states ere brohe of and the eopte os Caere ecam municipes o cives sine et ragio, .e the bore theburdens ithout en joying the privileges o citigens. A the were thesirst people, ho ere reduce to this poSition, me sine u fragio eresai referri in tabulas Caeritum.13 Q. Iudi Capitolini mentione in et II, ut nothin more is know of thema the college of Capitolini certaini existe at a later Period Cic. ad O. r. II. . et M. Furium Flaccum ... si olini decolleg io eiecerrant.17 DG. expiandae here sed in the sense os frocurandae, for,hich see
et Aio Locutio The Roman religio tende to deis abstractions and deities of this natur irequently had a double name, both illes denotingSimila ideas cf. II. . et Vica Power an Victoryh; fors
et g G. Iovis cellam The templein the Capitoline, hich was vowed by Tarquinius Priscus and dedicate to Iupiter optimus aximus, Iuno and Minerva, containe three stirines cellaei in the centre ne a the Statue os Iupiter, richi adorne and with his sacelainte red. Beneath his throne the gold was deposited. et g iam ante See n. no . . religio religio us seelin in iis morat aSpect, i. e. ConScientiouSneSS. in publicoJ the public reaSury', a in a. I.
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a factae like an participies of deponent verbs, is used passively. a conferet sor consceretur. The sor does no occur else here in Livy, and is probabi an archaism, hicli lingeret in the popular speech conseri in iis disserent tenses is Mund in Plautus Trin. o8ὶ frequently in Lucretius, an is sed by Balbus in his correspondence illi Cicero
matronis The honour mentione here an in 25. 9 were probablygrante to ali matrons, no meret to those ho contributed. et laudatio P funebris o sollemnis was the lanera oration, hicli in the case os distinguished person was delivered in the Forum. Theselauialiones preserved many samii traditions, hichaecame incorporaledin the history.3o m. quaeque . . so erant Is hi refers to the religious observances whicli ere illiin the senate' competence quaeque is explicative which could there re' it ma howeve denote the non-religious bufines transacte in the Senate. 31 Ium demum aster his feractis emphasises the ac that 1 too noactio unti matters of religion ere transacted then an not ill
p. 62. I relictis ruinis Not only was the cit in ruins, but the ager manus ha been ravaged, o that Romans os ali classes ound theirhomes destroyed. . Senatu rosequente There ad probabi been a meetin os thesenate in the Curia Hostilia and rom there the accompante Camillus to the Comitium. f. 55. I, and Se n. OD . . CHAPTER LI. The ollowin speech o Camillus, hicli sorans an appropriate conclusion to the stor os Rome' trials and dangers, is intended to glorisy Rome and the Roman Empire. Whateve materiai Liv may have Mund in his authorities, e cannot doub that he was conscioustywritin sto the standpoint of his own day. As an appea to Roman patriotism, it has the Same purpos a the Aeneid, o how the rowtho Roma power unde theauidanceis providence. It is possibi alsoto trace a politica purpos in the speech. Fro Suetonius Iulius 79ὶwe learn that Caesar a supposed atine timerio have thought os trans ferring the capital of the Empire to the East, and it has been conjectured that even in the time of Augustus there,ere rumours of Simila PrOPOSalS, and that Horace is protestin against them in ille third de of Book III.