장음표시 사용
171쪽
With the tincture os civili sationi the coast, have to com Savage
pare the qualid Savager os ome of the tribes os the interior People ho ad abundance of milh, ut ho could not ahecheese, could no have attainexto much proficienc in the aris. It is these tribes, et u suppose, ho practised the Polyandrywhicli Caesar has et o recor a characteristic fiur fland in generat, Without an regar so the scandaligation hich wouldbe caused by his statement Some two thou Sand ear later. These avage of the interior ere, accordin t Caesar, cladin kins, ut the orther Briton of the time o Severus arerepresente to us by later riter a dispensing illi lothingat together. Herodian suggest that thei objection to overing themselves may have been prompted by a reluctance to id the figures of animal usith hicli thei hodie urere attooed. Dio Cassius describes the Caledonii and IIaeatae as havin notoWn Or huSbandry, living on pastu rage, hunting, and wildberries, going ahe an unShod, having omen in Common, and rearin ali their isspring It is relate that aster Severus had concludedieace illi these barbarians the wise, is, mayso cali her, o a Caledonia named ArgentocoXu Saad a passageos arm With the Empress Julia omna a to the morat of
172쪽
in Gaul, and that, e ma suppose, as o St. erome Camet mahe thei acquaintance. The may have been celebratingth unhol sacrament of Druidi Sm, hicli conSisted accOrding
Juvenal is perhaps ver-shootin the mar when, in orde tocas discredit on the gyptians, he says that even the Briton Sneve indulge in his enormit Sat. V. I 24)J. Ethnology. So sar, have no entered pon the question o race inconnexion illi the inhabitant of Britain. et u sirs seewhat ideas the ancient riter enteriai ne on his Subjeci, and the conside ho far the can e supplemented or corrected by the resulis of modern investigation. The rs question hicli presente iiset to the in os a Gree o Roman inquirer in connexion illi the inhabitanis os alven countr Was-Were the indigenous Z The problemis ot ne lihely o meet illi a satisfactor solution, ut it isno intrinsicali absurd. For, unies we old illi the Peripatetic that he humata race has existed sor ever, an mus have originate Sometime omewhere. And, scio, hymo in oneplace a Uellos nother Caesar' ansWe to the questionwith regar to Britain is that ome os iis inhabitanis ereindigenous, and ther not. Under the alter ea he pulsit, inhabitant of the ea-board of hom e Says that theycame rom Belgium. He find a confirmatio of this staternent
173쪽
ERITA IN Gin the Belgian ames os ritisti tribes. Caesar has no himselfrecorde any of these ames, ut e sin mention in Ptolemy
Humber. IV may also recallo min in his connexion urauthor' staternent that Divitiacus the in of the Suessiones, had in a period which he describes as Mithiniuriwn memor 'extendediis Way ver Britain ii. 4, ). Diodorus Speah of the races hicli inhabite Britain as
autochthonous, without attemptin an distinction. The land wa Untouched, e Says by foret g invasion, and ei ther Bacchus nor Hercules nor an O the heroes a reportedio have made an Xpedition againSt t. Tacitus throw a greater at o science into his speculationso thi potnt. The rediai and large limbs of the Caledonians he hinhs indicative os a German origin, herea the warthycomplexions of the Silures South ales), the prevalenceamong the os curi hair, and the vicinit os pati argue an early Iberian setilement in his par o Britain. The parisneares to aulae hinks tueasonable to Suppose ere eopled stom that country, and in supportis his conclusionae adduces the similarit that could e observe belween auis and Briton in religion, an age, and Character. We nee not pay much attention to Tacitus suggestion os an ethnologica assinit between the Caledonians and GermanS. Asrio his dea os an immigration direct rom patia, it is fiundedon a geographicat tunder Tacitus hare in Strabo' error that the west o Britain a qui te clos to Spatii. Nei ther os them thought of Gaul as having, properi Speahing, a WeStcoas at ali, ut imagine the ocean-boar a Stopin continu-ousi stom the Rhine to the Pyrenees Vith these abale-
his conception appears also in the Aristotelian De Mundo. The writer os that reatis says 3 II of the Ocean- Εἶτα κατ' oλίγον Hrἐρ
174쪽
I 6 CAESAR 'S GALLIC IVARment the conclusion come tot Tacitus coincides illi that os
Strabo oes no commit himself to ethnologica speculationat ali butae gives us a descriptio of the physica appearance of the Briton launde on om stigii persona observation. The were, he says, talle than the Gaul an notis red-haired, but es compaci in their odies. As a proo of thei heighthe mentioris that he had Seen Someloys, o rathe hobbledehoys, from Britat in Rome, ho stood si inches bove the tallest peopte there; ut the wereiandy-legged an ill-bulli generally Str. v. 5, 4 P. OO). The conclusion reached by Caesar, that ome of the inhabitant os Britain ad come illiin comparativel recent times sto Belgium, hicli means illi imoni the opposite coasto France, herea other were there besore them, is qui te
in accordance illi the resulis of modern philology. lanceat Prosessor hys' colourediarios the distribution fleoples in Britali shows the Brythoni branch of the Celtic race, towhom the aut belonged occupyin ali the more fertile paris of the fland a the Saxon do now, while thei Goidelic
boldi ascribes the originis Druidism. Religion. Havin atready spohe of the Celtic religio in connexionwith Gaul, e nee not enlarge pon the subjeci here. It is lihely that mi the loom of ur fland where it is bellevedio have originale vi. 13, o I), it ould assume iis ostgombre an a sui form. e ear os altar stained illi human loo and of divination through the quiverin entralis of a human victim . A for magic, Britain, accordin to liny,
175쪽
BRI IN I Tmention Strange religious rite among the omen os Britain, in hicli their ni vesimenis ere a coatin o blach aint, whicli ad the loo like negresses. When the religio of the Druids illi it strange an cruei rites a suppresse in
A Wor no about Ireland Caesar says that ii ies to the relati . v est os Britain, is bout ais it sige, an a sar Domit SBritain is fro Gaul, ali hicli statements are roughi true. AS a matter os Square mileage indeed relan is no hal thesige of rea Britain the alter avin an area o more than 88,ooo quare miles, hereas reland an Sho oni about 3o,ooo; and though reland a quit the eares part esciose to Britain than Britain oes o France, et a the partos hicli Caesar is speahing, here the Iste os Mandies idWayin the pasSage, it is a good ea more remote. ut these considerations are to fine or Caesar, ho hadiso Longman's Geograph or hilaher' Almana to referrio. In spite os Caesar' definite statemen that Ireland was esto Britain, Strabo omelio too it into his ea that i lay due orth of it, and was the limit of the habitabie orid, here existence ecam dissiculi on account of the oldy. Indeedit Was ne os the main counts in his indicimen against Pytheas an his sol lowers that their views extende the limits of habitation om sive hundred miles further orth than Ireland He describes the standis being roader hancit is
M. De ardins, Geographie de la Gaule Romaine, Vol. i. p. 516, has made a curious lip qui te unlike his genera accuracy. He identi fies the Mona o Tacitus it the Iste osman. Imagine the cavair of Suetonius an Agricola swimmin or adin acros to the Iste os anu See o this subjeci Str. p. 63 72, 74 II 5, Speciali the laSt, here
176쪽
1 3 CAESAR 'S GALLIC IVARlong and eoples it illi Savages h thin it right to eat their deceased parent and whos famil arrangement are absolutelyprimitive. He admit in deed that these imputations o their morat lacti satisfactor evidelice, ut he is no incline to giveup the anthropopl:agy. The alter is the ni trait in the Irish
character o hicli Diodorus v. 32, Q alludes. Mela iii. 53ὶ, he Juvenal, calis reland Juverna He
Extraci Domin letter frona a gentieman- sarme in Ireland Uncle D. los a bulloch, value c12, o it cloveo last year. It ursi. He sed totum the catile in or an hou every ay, and one da he thought the oughtto e getling sed to it, and est them to long . . The remed is verysimple. I seen in time, stic a trocar a ni se it a sileath into the animars si de puli ut theani se, leave the heath in and the asinet out through it. It appear that the oxeni Geryon ere sed on Irish clover. Justin xliv. I say In alia parte Hi Spaniae et quae ex Sulis constae regnum penes Geryonem fuit. In hac tanta pabuli laetitia est, ut, nisi abstinentia interpellata sagina fuerit, pecora rumpantur. Inde denique armenta Geryonis, quae illis temporibus Olae opes habebantur, tantae samae fuere, ut Herculem ex Asia praedae magnitudine inlexerint.' his Would suppi an adequale motive hy the wo sons of eptune, Albiona
177쪽
ERITA IN TU Tacitus ad the authorit of his ather-in-la Agricola sorhis ideas bout reland That statesman ad at ne timeenteriai ne desigiis against the Sland He thought that, stomit position id a between Britain and Spat an iis proximi tyat the fame timeo Gallic alers, the possession o it ould knit together important portions of the Roman Empire. single legion illi a se auxiliaries Seeme to him sussicient sorthis purpose Agr. 4ὶ. The comparative sige of England and reland mahes us Theiritisti inclinexto orget that theraritisti Iste are a hole archipelago. The Orkneys ere discovered Tacitus telis us, hen Agricola's fleet alle round Britain, hich was in . D. 8 The event is alluded o by Juvenal in his secon satire a stili recent
Arma quidem ultra Litora Iuvemae promovimu et modo captaS
But the promontor Orcas, rom hicii the derived the nameos Orcades, was atready nown to Diodorus Siculus. Mela
The Thulei Tacitus, hich was sighted by Agricola's fleet, canae nothinibu the Shetland Isiands, though iti no means
178쪽
I5 CAESAR 'S GALLIC IVARMilows that this a the Thule os Pytheas o Tyle o Pli ny whicli is spolienis a Uithi a day's ait of the rogen ea. Between Ireland and Britain Plin interpose nolint Mona, but Monapia, Riginta, Vectis, Silumnus, an Andros. His Mona a perhaps e Anglesey like that o Tacitus, and his Monapi a Caesar' Mona o the Iste os dan. illi regard
Great Harbour. his must not e confused illi the glandos Ictis atready spoken os Belo Britain, says liny, te Sambis and Xanthos. The ast is no doub the fame asAxantis o Ushant Τ. Pli ny gives a id range to the ritisti Istes, as e goe on to mentio the laesiae or Electrides, whicli are the amber gland in the German Ocean. His
statemen that non of these esse istand exceed II miles in circumserenc is true, Xcept of Lewis and arris, thelargestis the Hebrides.
179쪽
GERMANVI Britain is interestin to us a the home of Ur race, The eradie Germany ought to e no es s as iis radie For though ur e many of the inhabitant of these fland are Celtic even in Speech to the present day, and though Celtic lood musthave itere sar beyon the limits of Celtic language. et in the lend whicli constitutes the modern Briton it is the Teutonicelement, hether Low-German or candinavi an that gives tone and bod to the whole Could Caesar have foreseen that latergenerations os Teutoni boys, instea of running il in thewoods, ould e Studyinihi Commentaries asin text-book hemight have endeavoured to satis*mur curiosit more sully than
But, inasmuch a the worid a no constructed illi a viewto ur convenience in the way of acquirin knowledge, emust e than ut so Caesar' hast impression o Germany and the Germans, gathere in his se weehs' sta acro S the
Aster Germany ad ecome eiter nown to the Roman Tacitus onthrough militar operations hicli,ere on the wholeransuccessit, ' ζ RHy-
180쪽
we have a rilliant helch of the country an iis inhabitants by Tacitus in his Germania, a reatis ieeming illi delightsul epigram, ut inspire rathe by a rhetorica an didacti than Thecli illi by a purely Scientisic motive salient eatur os interest in ibroW by his or to the Englisti reade is the glit that it throw upon
the ritisti constitution, hicli e regarde a a mode so alli ree eoples, a invente in the ood os Germany ema trace the ouiline os uriouse of Lord an House of Commons in the counci os the clites and counci of theseople, With the preliminar discussion in the forme os questionSwhicli depended sor thei decision o the alter Tac. G. ΙΙ, Ι).Would e see into the origin os ou hundreds, we eem tosin it in the militar organigatio of the ancient GermanS, under hicli ach pagus contribute a hundred piche mento the mi Xed body of cavair an insaniry, Whicli constitute thesower os their orces. eano stom Tacitus G. 6 4 4, in iliat these utere calle in his time alie undred. Themanae had then assed rom it merely numerica Signification into titie of horiour, anxit appears also to have spread Do the militar to the civi organization. The specia sanctity of the marriage-tie observabie in
barbarians in the stricines of thei monogam G. 7, ). An the ac that the adies ad thei arm bare an expoSediti uppe par of thei sat bosoms was ound even then obe no derogation rom heir virtve. The customs of the