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Reticui omnes variantes quales sunt πω pro τω, τοτ Pr τι , με Pro sau, vel vice versa, quae sunt infinita . Nec caeteras
Omnes exscribendas duxi. Jam Porsonum de hoc decreto disputantem audiamus. cImrithly Reciem, April, l794. p. 2S3.9 This decree being itself the record os a curious laci, and atthe fame time a monument of the antient Spartan dialect, hasbeen frequently the subject os learned observations. Joseph Scaliger attempted to give a completo copy of it in his notes to Ianilius'; as diu also, about the sanies time, Isaac Casaubon, in his animadversions upon Athenaeus'. James Gronovius gaveste readings os a different copy in the prelace to the fifth volume os Greek Antiquities. Chishuli', assisted by this collation, theri endeavoured to restore it; and, in the year 1777, the learned Dr. Cleaver, Bisti op os Chester, republishod it at Oxsord with a new commentary and collations.
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Μr. Κ. tirst represetits illis lainous decree as it standa in ille edition of Glareanus, with the marginal variatioris; nexi as it
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Is we he right in our conjectures, severat emendations of ther critica are Wrong; is we be Wrong, we are not lihely tohe more uia fortunate than they have been :-but we are at a Iossio understaud Mr. Κ. 's mean ing, when he culis παραρεται the Laconian form of the second aorist subjunctive middie. In p. 48. Redera quaedam Dorica haec in loco me additurum esse dixi. Liber autem jam in majorem quam putaveram molem excrevit, et ea foedera in Chishullii Antiquitatibus aut Μ armoribus Oxon. , libris vulgaribus, extant. Quare nolui libri molem augere, sed ea foedera sorsan cum Doricis omnibus monumen iis posthac edam. Disti ed by Coou
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Cf. p. 73. Tu E villagers of Μerte se informed me, that a Jew of Corinth, who h ad lately been digging in this spol, had sound severat vases. On my re turn to Corinth, I immediately callodupon him, and mund them heaped in a comer, with other rub bis h. He, however, kne , or pretended to know. the valueos an inscribed vase, Which he Ahowed me; and which, with sonte dissicut ty, I hought of him. The design os the figures, and the sortiis os the letters, are os the most ancient Character; and probably no vase of terra-cotta has yet been discovered that helongs to a period so remote. It is divided into two compart-menis, One above the Other, in Whicli are liona, bulis, stags, goats, hirds, and noWers, Whicli are not historical, hut me rely ornamentat. The cover, ho ever, is of the greatest interest; it represenis the chase of a wild hoar, in Whicli the nante oseach os the aetors is written hy his fide, in letters of the mos tancient date. The subject is opened by a figure dressed in ulong garment, and ear ing a caduceus in his right hand, Willithe in Acription APAMEMNON '. The nexi figure is a semalena med ΑΛΚΑ. She places her right hand on the head os aboy, who holds a paraetonion, or aliori sword. in his test hand, and whose name is ΔΟΡΕ MAXΟΣ, writ te a Dom right to test. Τhe nexi figure is a semale named ΣΑΚΕΣ, holding a singularand indefinite objoet in her hand. This appears to he the conclusion of the subjeci, as a bim is placed aster this figure, whichis osten found On the most ancient vases, marhing the termination os the sto , or the separation os one subjeci hom another. The figure wbicli commences the other subject is ΑΝΔΡΥΤΟΣ, The inseriptions are here gi ven in letters of the common serin, inorder to render them legibie.
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araned with a large Argolic shield, wissi Demides, Missi theo me, Or δολιχοσκι- εγχος the long spe ar), which he is dariing at the boar, and wearing a stiori vest Or Cui rass, notroaching to his knees. The nexi to this is ΠΑΦΟΝ, who isrunning, and in the ac t os shooting at the boar with his bow and arrow ; his quiver is hanging on his tinck, and his head is armed with a helmet, embellislied with a high lophos, or crest. Astor this figure is placed a bird smaller than that above-mentioned, whicli appears to be oni3 an om ament to fili up thespace, and not a stop to the subjeci. This continues with the wild boar, whicli is at ready piorced hehiud with two κοντο, orlong spears, and three ακοντια, or stiori ones, shot hom thebow of Paphon. Under the animal is the figure os one of thel, uniers, named ΦΙΛΟΝ, holding a long spear, but extendeclon the ground , as is hilled by the boar, Whicli is running at fullspeed, and is mei by ΘΕΡΣΑΝΔΡΟΣ, who pierces his head with a sword. Only one os the figures is armed with a helmet, and one with a shield ; this is the termination os the subjeci. The remaining part of the cover is occupied by two winged sphinxes, with human heads, and the hodies and Det os Itons ;they saee each other, and are eouched upon their hinder legs. the foremost heing erect : hetween them is a bird resembling aswan. The figures wero evidently dra n Mith great Care, and executed wim dissicut , helare the tacility os aster times h adbeen attained. No beller specimen of the unim proved archaicstyle can weli he seen : there is a natural motion in ali the figures, attended, however, with the rigid sormali ty and elaborate stis ess of the earliest antiqui . The vase is the colouros boxwood, heing a light yellow; the figures are composed os the two colours, blach and dark red: the muscies of the hody, and the platis of the vesis, are represented by the paint beingseratched Mith a s harp instrument untii the natural colour of theeant, is seen. The earili is extremely fine, and the vase is surprisingly light and thin. It is dimuit, and indeed impossi-hle to determine iis age ; the style of the design. however, but more particularly the very ancient and curious form os the letters, induces me to place it about 7 years besore the Christian era. None os the names on the vase are known in heroie historyexcept those of Agamemnon and Thersandros. The lalter Wasprobably son os Sisyphos, hing of Ephyra asterwatas Corinth. There Was, however, another Thersandros, son os Polynices Duilired by Cooste
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and Argia, who was with the Greehs at the Trojan war. Thehunt, whicli is hero represented is unknown in ancient history. Those wliich have come dOwn to us are the chase of the Calydonian boar, and that os Parnassos, Where Ulysses was Wound ed . The Cromyon sow, und Erymanthian boar, Whicli Here killed by Theseus and Herculos, se in Dot to have assorded the opportunity of u generat hunt, like the two abo ve-mentioned. The wild boar chase is not an uncommon delineation onfictile vases. There is one os greut interest und remoto antiqui-ly, in the collection os Sir W. Hainilton. whicli is at present in ille Britisti Musoum '. It has been supposed that these vases were the Therihleari cups, celebrated tu antiquity, and thusnamed isoin their maker Theliklos'. It appears that the manulae ture was not consilied to any particular materiai. In Dr. Bentleu's dissertation uson Theri lean cups, are cited theauthors. Who hau written on this subjeci.
These tombs probab ly diit uot contain vases os such valueas those foui id in the sepulchres os Corinth; ali os Which, Strabo' says, were opened in the time Os Julius Caesar, whenthe earthen anu bronge vases' soland in them were sold sor highprices, and sent to Rome. That citr Was thias copio usty supplied with the vasos that had been in torred with the Corinthiandoad '. The vein Of earlh being lost, they became scarce; and the value was o hanc ed, not only by their great rarit 3, but bytheir wonder ut heaut1. This introduction Os objecis os Corinthiati ari inust have been a in urce os improvement lar Romanarii sis. by Whom elegance Was not much known or studied atthat period : though it is evident they began to have a taste sor it, froni tho eagoriiess with Mhich they sought mr works of that Lind. Corinth was sor a long time the great emporium os everything that was elegant in the aris ; and was, according to the observation Of Paul Orosius, sor in any ages, velut ossicina omnium artificium, atque artificiorum. mediati Aristophanes, who lived about the 97th Olympiad, 434
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Cf. p. 114. Thierschii Dissertatio ex Act. Philol. Μonac. Tom. II. p. 399.
CuM Londini in IIuseo Elginiano versarer, et Praeter mam mora, quae illustrissima artis Phidiacae documenta ostendunt, etiam lapides literarum versibus obductos curiose inspicerem. inter alios me detinuit cassus unus et truncatus, cujus notitiam jam Parisiis acceperam, quippe qui duodecim versuum elegiacorum fragmentis memoriam Atheniensium ad Potidaeam caesorum celebrabat. Utar autem hac opportunitate, primum ut de consilio, quo marmor hoc inscriptum fuit, de aetate, quam prae se seri, de loco, quo inventum, de sorma, qua fuit priusquam frangeretur, denique de orthographia ejus agam, post vero ut rationemineam, qua versus truncatos atque laceros restituendos existimem. Ac de consilio quidem, quod in lapide inscribendo sequuti sunt, ipsum epigramma clare loquitur. Habemus versusi portas Ρotidaeae ΠΟΤΕΙΔΑΙΑΣ ΛAM DI ΠΥΛΑΣ id est ni τειδαίας γ αμφὶ πυλας, et v. 10. et II filios Atheniensium, qui ad Potidaeam mortui sunt. ΠΡΟΣΘΕ ΠΟTΕΙΔΑΙΑΣ Η ΟΙ ΘΑ-NON Π ΑΙΔΕΣ ΛΟΕNAION i. e. προσθε Ποτειδαέας Oι θανον IIαῖδες Αθηνα - . . Adde, quod v. 4. victoria virtute Parta NI- ΚΕΝ ΕΥΠΟΛΕΛΙΟ M i. e. ΝIxην εὐπολεμοιι, quod v. 7. hostes sepultura conditi EXOPON ΔΟIMEN EX ΟΣΙΤΑ vo MΕΡΟΣ i. e. 'Εχθρῶν δ' οἱ μεν εχουσι ταφου μερος, denique quod luctus Athenarum de illis viris commemoratur AN ΔΡΑΣ MEMΠΟΛΙΣ ΗΚΔΕ ΠΟΘΕΙ i. e. Aνδρας μυι πολις εδε ποθει, n quicquam erit, quod te incertum teneat. Nimirum hoc marinor Disi iam by Co l
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ΛPPENDII. 37I positum fuit Atheniensibus, qui parta victoria ad Potidaeam ceciderant.
Potidaea, a Corinthiis in litoribus Macedoniae sui data, cum
reliquis ejus tractus coloniis Atheniensibus tributo obstricta tenebatur, et Prima e sociis cum desecisset, signum dedit belli illius Peloponnesii, qua tota Graecia conflagravit. Athenienses enim, Postquam audiverant Corinthiorum duo millia auxilio Potidaeatis missa, ipsi quoque copias auxerunt, quibus Μace doniae motibus invigilabant. Quo facto Callias, praetor eorram, exercitum in sto agmine contra junctam Corinthiorum et Potidaeatarunt manum sub ipsam urbem adduxit. Sequutum est proelium, quod descripsit Diodorus Sic. X l. c. 34. multo vero accuratius Τhucydides I. 62. et 63. In eo Athenienses, quamvis impetu hostium pressi, hos suga inter urbis munimenta compellunt et victoria potiti tropaeum constituunt. ΗεDC Pugna, si numerum hominum, qui occubuerunt, spectas, minoris quidem momenti est. Atheniensium enim centum et quinquaginta eum ipso duce Callia occubuerant, hostium vero trecenti. Fuit tamen illa inprimis celebrata, propterea quod utrimque magnis animis pugnatum est, et Athenienses hono augurio sub ipsius belli initium victores exstitere, unde eam pugnam illustrem Diodorus dixit l. i. c. 87. Αθηναῖοι δε περὶ Ποτααιαν νενικηκοτες περιύγανεῖ μ cn. Nec leve ejus memoriae momentum adtulit, quod inter Athenienses tum Socrates sortissimo pugnasse judicatus Oblatum decus astur relas sibi haud vindicavit, sed in Alcibiadem a se hostium manibus ereptum detulit. Cf. Diog. Laert. II. cap. v. f. 7. ibique interpp. Ceterum hac victoria potiti partem exercitus Athenienses ad urbem relinquunt, eamque obsidione Cingunt. Jam magna utrimque contentio, donec ΡOtidaeatae sanie hostibusque pressi olymp. 87. anno 4. facta deditione putriam cum uxoribus et liberis relinquunt, eamque Atheniensibus habitandam tradunt. Ipsi a Chalcidensibus in societatem urbis recipiuntur, Athenis autem missi mille coloni, qui Potidaeam tenerent, Thucyd. II. TO. Di Od. Sic. XLI. C. 46. P. 509. Wess. unde a Pseudoaristotele in inconomicis 6. 5. Αθηναιοι oi εν Ποτιδαιρ οἱ Οὐντες Commemorati tur. ΜOs autem erat Atheniensium, civium in bello defunctorum ossa legere et in patrium deportare, ut ca publica sepultura cum honore conderent: idque noc in his, qui ad Poti-d eam ceciderunt, neglectum est. Nam Thucydides II. p. 34.
memorat, hyeme prima illius belli Athenienses patrio instituto D iligod by Corale
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usos publicam sepulturam instituisse των εν τψδε τιμ πολεμεν πρωτον ἀποθανοντων, qua occasione Pericles celeberrima oratione lanus eorum nobilitavit. HaC ipsa autem celebritate nostrum epitaphium sepulcro eorum publico, qui ad Potidaeam ceciderant, fuisse impositum, tum e v. 9. apparet ΑΝΔΡΑΣ ΜΕΜ ΠΟΛΙΣ ΗΕΔE HOΘEI i. e. ἄνδρας μεμ πολις ἡ οε ποθει, quo luctus populi de eis tanquam praesens Commemoratur, tum ex loco, in quo marinor inventum est. Jacebat enim in eampis Academiae extra viam sacram, quae Athenis Eleusina ducit. Eam viam Pausanias in Attio. p. 28. Syth. c. 56. seq. Κulin. describit repletam sepulcris et monumentis heroum utque Clarorum virorum, qui inde a remotissimis temporibus virtute, sapientia, vel quod in literis artibusve excelluissent, patriae gloriam illustraverant. Erant tumuli, et ad eos arae, Statuae, nemora atque cippi. Eadem regione, Academiam versus, sepulti erant, quibus contigerat terra marique pro patria pugnantibus mori. P. 28. l. 6. ' Εστι δε παὶ πασι μνημα Αθη-
nomina, sed laudem quoque virtutisque memoriam his cippis, saltem pluribus eorum inscriptam misse, id quidem, quamvis in
Ioco, quem exscripsimus, non Commemoretur, Certii tamen potest ex his, quae deinceps Pausanias commemorat. Nam servorum, qui pro dominis pugnantes occubuerant, cippum indicasse dicit αγαλυς σφας εν - πολεμεο γενεσθαι περὶ τους δεσποτας; et in sepulcro eorum, quos ad Corintlium pugna contra Agesilaum absumserat, deAcribendo ipsa ελεγεῖα commemorat p. 29. l. 7. Μετα δε τους ἀποθci νοντας εν Κορίνθεν, στυ- λην επὶ τοισδε εστάναι πνὶν agrἡν σ η uαίνει τὼ ελεγεῖα, ποις μει εν Eυβοι 3 τε καὶ Xυμ τελευτησασι, τους δε επὶ τοῖς εσχατοις τῆς Ἀσιανῆς διαφθαρῆναι δή i, τους δε εν Σιμελιρ. Post haeC multorum tumulos, et pugnas, in quibus occubuerant, recenset, nulla tumen, quod inprimis exoptatum nobis accidisset, eorum mentione, qui ad Potidaeam ceciderant. Horum autem sepulcrum in eodem loco fuisse Praeter epitaphium ibi inventum docet etiam Thucydides, qui lanebria, quae sit pra diximus, ct houores iis habitos, qui in primo belli