Eclogues; edited with introd. and notes by Wilfred P. Mustard

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quando Vacat, quan clo est iucunda relatu, historiam prima repetens ab Origine Pandam.

sidera iungamus, facito mihi Iuppiter adsit: et tibi Mercurius noster dabit omnia faxo,

An d for his reveretice, though he wear a coWl,

bardocucullatus caput, ut campestris lauda;

and the passage in the Same Poem,

morat Mantuan live thy verse long, Honour attend thee, and th reverend son lWho seelis for truth say'st thou must re ad the patho the gwee pri Vate life . . . . For adulation, ut i se arch e made, His dati mansion, his mos usual trade Is in the monarch's couri, in princes halis, Where goodi geat he by contemset enthralis, et ,3 J. . Collier, Diographica Account of Early Englis Literature, III, 58.38 Dod ley'. l. Englis Plays, ed. Uraliti, IX, 232.

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INTRODUCTION

In homas Heywood's Challenge for Heautie, thereis et another allusion to the fourth Eclogue. Here the ' proud ueen ' sabel says, of the compliment due to

vomen Such as ouldisive us u fud character Must search for Epithites an studi phrase;

and the honest ord Bonavida repties:

The phras melior vigilantia somno, V Ecl. I, 5, is quoted in illiam AIartyn'. Youth s Instruction l6l2).δ' Ecl. III, 8l, is quoted freely, in Beaumoni an Fletcher'sinit a Severat ineapons, , , Ut nocte irecum pernoctat meStas, liιce quotidie paupertas habitat This is quote by Priscian a oo Schola V-much a Shahespeare' quotation rom Mantuan is ut into the mouth Holofernes,

In init sis creations the phrase V sorte tua ContentuS,VEcl. V 46, is sed a the ille of two separate epigramS. An the V semel insanivimus, semel insanivimuSomnes, ' o Ecl. I, l8, serves a the ille o tW others. In Burton' Anatoni o Melancholy there are a holeSCore os quotationS. The phrase semel insanivimus omnes, ' Ecl. I, l8, appear three times. The Chapter onSymptonas of iove-Melanchol has eight quotations:

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QUOTATION AND ALLUSIONS 45 Ecl. I, 38 I, 100 II, 10 -6 I, 1 - 18 II, 107-8 I, 114-15; I, 7 I, 108. The hapter o Artificia Allurements of

Love quotes three paSSages Ecl. I, 10 I, 73 IV, 218. An the firs of these is introduce a very familia matter; an Galla I weet smile quite overcam Faustrι the

me aspiciens motis blande subrisit ocellis. '. The section o Beaut as a Cause of Ove-Melancholy quotes, an translates, Ecl. I, 48-51 ludit amor sensus,

Other Cattere quotations in the earlier par of Burion's Work are Ecl. I, 7l I, 174 I, 6 V, 6. Indeed, Some o Mantuan' phrases are repeate So ostenthat he have earne a place in ur dictionaries of Latinquo lations. So, in particular, the semel insanivimus omneS,V of Ecl. I, li8, hici has acquire a specia interest from a passage in Boswelrs Lis of Johnson:

t the popularit o Mantuan' Ecloguo in Englano.ε He is mentione in the prologue to the Egloge of Alexander Barclay c. 1514)-name aster Theocritus an Virgil

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46, INTRODUCTIONHis uim a P Pears again in ' E. . 's' amous episti toma

i vo o later times. et o farre inferiou to the mos of them foresayde, Pallenx nius and Nap. Mantuanus

18. e read These Eglogues came aster o containe anden forme morali discipline a be hos o Mantuan an lother modern Poets. V In Francis Meres' Sh te of EnglishLiterature l598 Mantuan is named among the Neoteries V Jovianus Pontanus Politianus Marullus Tar- Chionota, etc. Who have litat ned renown and good placeamong the ancient Latin poets. ' nil in the sanae helchit is stated that Theocritus in Greeh. Virgil and Mantuanin Latin Sannagar in Italian . . . are the est for Pastoral. In Germany the Eclogues are quote as early as 508. in He inricli Beber Adagia Germari ica. o. 246 attiinvalidi longius vivunt dicitur in eos qui minus grati diu

vivunt dum optati Saepe cito moriantur nam

Si igit a placent abeunte inimica tenacius haerent. ' δ

This is cl. i. 74. Ani in the Lavi ntation noet a. Ohycurorum K uch linistarum si si 8). o. l8. there is anecho solae dedicatory epistie V Quid obsecro tanti facis philosophi in physicis a nigmata, quae O dipodes ipse non

In the apta Puerorum o Joliannes urnaellius HS i 3 in the sentence, adam ad levandum ventrem post dumeta Vis pro alit due o Ecl. iv, 87. And w of his V protrita

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QUOTATION AND ALLUSIONS 47

In the seconi Eriogu o Euri ius Cordus here is a Complimentar referen ce to Mantuan and his firs Eclogue

omnes non unum facitis quotcumque loetam qualem ego in Ausoniis audivi finibus olim.

One of the singer professes o have seen him a Mantua during the ear of jubilee

hic nivei dominus pecoris prope sumina pastor ad viridem recubans in opaco frigore clivum

sustulit argutos altum Super aethera CantUS, quos non fagineae superent dulcedine glandes, non mixtus butyro favuS, et non molle Colo Strum.

Aeg. iam scio qui fuerit quo dic, indutus amictu ZMop. quo pecus, hoc etiam fuit illi palla colore. AOq. Candidus est, gelida qui Faustum lusit in umbra, ut retulit veteres Gallam quibus arserat ignes. Most nunc age, dic, isto tibi quid de vate videtur ΘAeg. omnia con Sequitur magnas per ovilia laudes.3β

Cur mala femineo de sexu, RuStice, Proser S. et bona quae conseri non reticenda taces Θfemineum est Eretule gentcs, crudele, superbum 'nobilis et clemens Virgo humilisque data est. leke, 9 is, ratiori caret, rectum abicit, inquis 'at placet huic rectum lex, ratio atque modus. Extremi ea gaudet, ais, mediocria dilat 'haec extrema fugit, sed mediocre tenet. decepit Iiιdaea et irrιm prolemque Rebecca concipit alma virum Virgo paritque Deum. Eva genus nostrum felicibus expulit ar is rin meliora facit nos ut eamus AVΕ. cur bona femineo de sexu, Ru Stice, CelRS, et mala si qua facit non referenda refers Θ β ρipsi ed. I 3I8. ε' Frankfor ed. I 626, P. 2, 4, 36, 33, 37, 6 I, 77, 33-

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In France,' Ecl. IX, 24-3l, is quo ted an discussed by Ravisius extor Epistolae 42 43.' An the Eclogues and the poenas o Mantuan re occasionali quote in the fame uriter' ossicina an Epito me. M'. Ξα. . - here inres four quotations in the learned commentaryt. - vhicli Benedictus Curtius composed noli Arreti 'amouros Martial 'Auverme μ' es. I li4-ll6; I, 98-202; III 83-87 I. il Et Baptista Mantuanus nos insanivisse omnes semel dicit et ipsum cucullatum insanivisse eius opera ostendunt ). Fontenelle a offende by the coarsenes of Ecl. IV, 7: in me 'imagine rati jam ais quelle precaution Irend in - autre erge avant que de 'embarque dans un SSe longdisco urs. V And he had litti sympath with those ho ad compared Mantuan illi Virgil quoique assur ement ilia' ait rien de commuia ave tu que δ' et re de Mantove. ' β' In Italy have a sti mar of the firs three Eclogues

The Eclogues ere ver prompti imitate in England . in the sive Egloges of Alexander arctay c. Siq). φBarclay's fourth is a paraphrase of Mantuan ' fifth; his fifth is a paraphrase of Mantuan' si Xth, illi the insertiono a long passage alien rom Mantuan 's eventh 9-56ὶ . An even in his other eclogues a par of the pastora settingis horrowed frona his Carmel ite modet. The heginia in of

7 The te Eclogues ero translate into rench by Michel 'Am-hoi se Paris, 33o, and by Laurent de a Gravi ere, Lyons, 538. 38 London ed. a 683, p. 33, 36.3'Vessice ed. , 566-I567, I, 23, 88; II, 26 HI, 3, 5, O, 22, 23,

etc.

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In Barclay' Protoge, too, here is an interestin parallelto a passage in Mantuan' dedicator epistie. his epistie,

Audi, o Pari, aenigma perplexum, quod Oedipodes ipse non solueret ego quinquagenarius et iam Canescens adolescentiam meam reperi, et habeo adolescentiam simul et Senectam.

The Xplanation is that in the revious ea he had found acertain ovili fui composition of his own consistin of eight eclogues and ab illa aetate,' erat ille Adolescentia. Andno h send it forti again in revise an augmented form. ut histor repeat itself, an it a no long e fore Barcia could repor a similar Xperience

But here a onder, I forti e e re aue Wayne Proceede in age, o unde m first ouili agame. To finde ovili in age is a problem diffuse, But nowe heare the truth, and the no longe cause. A I late turne olde booke to an fro, One litile reatis I founde among the o Because that in ovili I id compile the fame,

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INTRODUCTIOA

In 563 we have ei glit Englisti logues by Barnabe Googe. Here again the mode is niuata, though hereis very litti verba imitation or borrcisin in delati Thetines a the lose of Ecl. VIII,

an Phoebus no deScendS, An in the Clowdes his eam ossi hyde, whicli tempest fure portendS

come frona the lose of Mantuan's tird,

et sol se in nube condenS, dum cadit ingricolis vicinos nunat imbres.

An perhaps the ram hos battere conditio Symboliges his owner' fortunes Ecl. 11 I shoid e compared illi Mantuan ' ram. Ecl. IX. 46-47

hic aries, qui ronte lupos cornuce petebat, nunc ove debilior pavidoque sun. 1or agno St.

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IMIT CIONS OF THE ECLOGUES

laudabile carmen omnem op am totumque caput, Silvane, requirit,

Pannosos, acie affectos, farras in pastos Aoniae uiunt Musae, contemnit Apollo.

Ecl. VII, 27 is quie in Abraham Fraunce's Latin comedyVictoria c. 1880 156,

nam Paris liaca tria numina vidit in Ida;

and the fame play 80, 191 3 repeat the vult, non vult o Ecl. IV, 23 an the cludit Amor sensus V o Ecl. I, 48. Another Cambrid play, Pedantitιs, 37 borroWs the phraSe ituneros vibrare tesque, ' fro Ecl. IV, 230 an a third, entille Fucus, II. 2, 32, repeat the semel insanivimus omnes V o Ecl. I, 8. 'In Rober Greee's Orphario sed Grosari, XII, 22 we have an unusual versior of the stor of Orpheus and Eurydice:

otuit, Si non male Sana fuisSet, Eurydice vehi per quas descenderat umbras.

R. Si

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30 INTRODUCTIONI ia 563 ve have ei glit Englisti eclogues by Barnabe Googe. Here again the mode is Mantuan though hereis very litti verba imitation or borrowin in det ait Thetines a the lose of Ecl. VIII,

and Phoebus no descend S, And in the Clowdes his eam doth hyde, whicli tempest fure portendS,

et sol se in nube recondenS. dum cadit agricolis vicinos munitas imbres.

hic aries. lui fronte lupos cornuque Petebat. nunc ove debilior pavidoque fugacior agno est.