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CH. 1 I. Iunii Silani I. Iunius Silanus, grandson os
more generali used Only hera ha is state is in deed a faci, butis dente to have produce the gi ven result. Here it is implied
iuventa ' Ch. 42 8 subitae felicitati. See Intr. II I. Dctoudem auream, in olden heep, wealthy ut stupid. For pecus' Cf. vervecum in patria in the native and of lock-heads'), IuU. X O. 2. L. Silano he was et rothed by Claudius to his aughter octavia, but Agrippina, isti ed the lalterno marr Nero, an dirought false accusations against him, hi Ch lexio his expulsion froni the Senate an log of his praetors hip 48 A. D. In 49 A. D. On
Retate composita, man o ripe age. He a. rty. quo tuno Appotarotur the Sor of thin then regarde a aqualification. Tacitus is ritin in Trajan's rei gn about sty ear aster the aC- Cession of Nero who was the last emperor descende frona AugustuS.
3. P. Color mentione again in h. 33 as save by Nero Domthe punishment he deservexfor his extortio in Asia. Heliu : ef in charge of Rome an Ital durin Nero' tota in Gree e froin the en o 66 to egi nning of 68 A. D. He was Subsequently put o dea th alba. rei familiari . . . inpositi ste ard of the imperial estates in
Asia. Asia a a senatorial pro vin Ce governe byra proconsul butthe em peror o ne properi there managed by his own genis ' procuratores ). Pro fit frona these estates, en to hi private purges fiscus'). In Ann. ivras Tiberius has iis procurator punished by the senate for en croachin on the procon Sul' PowerS. Under Claudius, the power of the procuratores in the provinCe were materiali extended Ann. xii fo).RPertius, &C., to open lyrio Scape the victi mys noti Ce.
k4. rettuli Ann. xii clis. 7, 3. She charge him illi mali in illicit gain sive the contrac for Connecting the rive Liris
rapacit anil prodigalit made in re markabi Congeniat.'
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avaritiam, ireed in acquiring, a qualit no inconsistent illispendthris habit s. CH. I. thatur: C. ab Agrippina.' Such a past in dic tens in apodosi S, with a subjunct. in prota sis, vividi marks the ac as early fulsilled, ut just re vente by the circumstanc state in the negative protas i s. f. 'labebar longius nisi me retinuissem, Cie L e. i. 19. See Intr. II 38.
Afranius Burrus a promote to the sole Command of the praetoria cohoris, hicli previ ou si ha been unde two CommanderS, at Agrippina' re Commendation, in I A. D. an he helclthis appo intinent ill his death xiv I. I . of his previ ous service nothiniis nown the os o mutilation o a an is referre to xiii 14 3ὶ but e mus have been os equeStrian rank, an is calles egregiae militaris famae in xii 42, 2. L. Annaeu Sone ea a bor 4 A. D. at Corduba in Spain, whenc his ather M. Seneca the rhetoricia migrate to Rome an roseo the an o linight. The oun Seneca ad attain edthe quaestors hip and e come the ead in senatorial tende by the time o Gaius in the rst year o Claudius re ign he was relegate to Corsica win to Messalina' di Slikeri in A. D. hewas recalle through Agrippina' influence, made praetor, and
chie adviser an confidant. On Burrus' death, Seneca reti red xiv 2-56), and wa subsequently orce to commit uici de forat lege participation in Piso 's Conspiracy xv 6O-65 . His hie works ere ethicaloreati ses, suci a the De Ira and De Leneflciis; physical peculations sillaestione NaII rato; episti es o ethical subjecis, add res sexto Lucilius in tragedieson subjecis ahen rom the Gree an a satire noli deificationo Claudius, the apocolocyntosis, relatin ho the de ea sed
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struction ecause Agi ippina pol Son edaim to Secure heriwn On's accession in place of Britannicus. 4. infra, submissi verio. tristi adrogantia, i his our arrogance. s. h. 23, 3. t noctium sui movorat, had rendere himself disti hed.' S. signum, the watchword, give by the emperor to the officer command in the cohortis nauar at the palaCe. optimae matrim: gen o definition, C. Signum.' 6. namonium Clauctiale. In the fame a When AuguStu Swas dei fiexaster de ath Livia a macte faminica Augusti.'simul, at the Same Sitting. 'Conaorium : not the funera os a censor,' ut a sun erat at public expense. Under the Republic the censors ad the finan Cia arran gement for state specta les, and though illi the est ablis liment of the Principate the Censors hi as a Separate magi StraCydi sappeared, the adjective censorium is stili applied to a funeralgi ven a the public XPen Se . mox, horti aster ard s. The su nera intervenediet ween thepreliminar arran gement dra n u for his cultus asinino and the final eremon o hi apotheOSi S.
Ehoralium artium, cliterar a complishment s. Amon Claudius Nortis ere an autobiograph an a generat histor froin theciose of the civit Wars os, hi Ch two book were composed in hisyouth at the suggestion of Livy His ritings are no extant. nihil . . . triato, io dis Ster.'Dronis animi auctita, is et a favourable earing.' 2 cultus, polisti.'amoenum C. attractive, an sui te to the aste of that
3. quihus otiosum, C., ,hom it amu Se t Compare a Standire Sent. 4. Summi oratoribu aemulus : Cicero malles Atticus sayo Julius Caesar, omnium sere oratorum Latine loqui elegantissime' Brut. 72, 232), and in a letter o Cornelius Nepos, quote bySuet. Iul. 6), Cicero hi in self says that Caesar, in spite of his varie activities, surpasse those ho devote their hole time toorator Oratorum quem huic antepones eorum qui nihil aliud egerunt '). Ouintilia admire his vigour an elegance, ut Sayshe hadiso the ei sure to culti vate his talent to iis hi gli est Capaci ty.
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s. artom, &C., Was profiCient in the ar of eighing ut his Word Sy so a to a noth in that ould Compromis him bein ghesides tum suli os vigora in the matter of his speech, or is obscure, de Signedi so. Tacitus criticis in in A=in i II, is hardlyconsistent illi his there e says, Tiberioque etiam in rebus
qua non CCuleret, Seu natura Sive adsuetudine, suspensa hesitat in ' semper et obScura Verba.'
6. turhata mons, ii sordere intelleci. quotiona: illi subjunctive of repetition See Intr. II I. mectitata, a prepare SpeeCh. 'requiroros ould o mis literar shili.' Suet critici gesa ork of his a Compose magis inepte quam ineleganter.' 7. vi victum animum vivaci ou intellige iace. CaelaΓΘ,M C. Substanti Val infinitives in appos to alia. aliquancto, it times.' Later ora poetica composition e ameliis ut in paSSion: An I. i I 6 I. CH. I. atrum, his salutatio as imperator' by the soldiers ad precede the recognition of his successio by the senateri here, o ever, in add res sing the patres, he pay themthe compli mentis mention in them first. consilia, apok of the ad vice an example he had for excellent go vertament.' Con Silia, that of Seneca and Burrus : exemPla, that of AuguStUS. nequo iuventam, iis ouili ad not cen te epe in civilwars ' like that of Augustus nor in fami ly enmities ' as a thecase illi Tiberius, Gaius an Claudius). iniurias, injuries received. 'adforro was bring in to the throne.' fa formam, Sket hed ut the lines hicli his rute ho uidsollow. He propo se to follox AuguStus poli Cy. Cf. Suet. ex
Augusti praescripto imperaturum Se proseSSUS.'invictia nominati UO. non enim, &C. reserring to the private triat so prevalent under
vonals suci, a the tramc in the Civitas ' and other privileges, carried iam Messalina and the re edmen. cliserotam, the assairs of his holi selio id and of the state houldb hept stricti Separate.' 3. antiqua munia : se In tr. III 8. ΟΠΗvium: i. e. deputation Do in the senatorial here called publicae' pro vince an seo in Italy ould appi to the consul in their jud gement-Seat in the comitium to e grante a earing
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CH. 5, o arbitrio senatus. Under ille Empire, legislationwas flected by the em peror' edicis, O by de Crees of the Senate. The comitia ad os legislative OKers, retaining oni a se vCeremoniai functions rint r. III . ne qui a causam, &C. advocate were sorbidden to tali se esby the lex rati , carrie by the tribune M. Cincius Alimentus, in B. C. O . Theclaru seli into disti se, ut AuguStus revived it B. C. 7. mahing the penalty for violat in it a finem Dur times the amo unit ahen. In A. D. 47, Claudius limite the se legali permissibi toIO,OO sesterce S, ab Ou L8, di sobedience involve the penalties sextortion repetundae ' , Ama. io 8. Pli ny writ in unde Trajan, mentions that it was usto mar so the parties in acia fuit ora eartha the had entere into no underiali in to panthei ad VocateS, but aster the triat the might malae a presen to the extentifrio, OOSesterces pecuniam dumtaxat decem milium, M. v , in hoWe Uer, hut he say ma es t evident that the restriction a usuallyevaded, and that the en force mentis the legat limitin the occasion
the evenis mentione in the ex Chapter. eaoendore Suggestum : Such an Ct ould e an assertion os
ita, c., alius by a retexi O filial attention a scandal as
CH. I. Armoniam this ingdomoas in possession os Tiridates, brother of the Parthi an in Vologeses Rhadamistus h ad murdere the precedin hing, Mithridates, ho ad rei gnedunde the Sugeratnt of Rome he usurpe the throne ut could no hol it against the Parthians, speciali as he was dete Sted by the Armenians thenaseives See In tr. Q. AaEDm an exaggeration The thingi ad appened wice.
Dq. multarum . . . ognitos, ,ere known a men os mani soldexperience. or his Construction, se erant r. II O.
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his sat he in civit ar in 7. His firs independent command wasi 84 B. C. When e led a force against the Marians. Octavianus : he was ineleen i 44 the ear of Julius
civilia sella sustinuorint Pompeius an Octavianus ad coped illi the difficulties o civit,ar hen mere ovilis Nero might welli considere old enough to eat with the lighter asko a fore igi War. s. auspieia a general too auspices,' i. e. Consulte the omen Sat a sacrifice, hesore leavin Rome to alae u his Command. Auspices there sore metaphoricali denote the inception and aut horigation o any underi aking See In tr. II Det. Di ΘΓaque . . . eri this defies litera translation. In his exalte position the anagement of wa was ather a matter finitiation an ad vice than o actuat service in therae ld.' 6. non ostia an secus, honourable o other i se, the ad v. be ing
Agrippam : Hero Agrippa II, sonis Hero Agrippa I hin ofJudaea, hos exe Cution fit. James, imprison ment of St. Peter, an de ath re describe in Acts xii Agrippa II interviewed St. Paul a Caesarea in Compan with Festus, Acts xv-XXvi. Helia received the hingilom o Chalcis in Coele Syria froni Claudius in 48 A. D. and Dur ears later a transferre with the ille of hin to the tetrarchi es of Philip and Lysanias, o whicli Nero added Par o Galilee, S A. D. Hecioine Uespasian HAI. ii I and ni dei the Roman in the eri isti ar, after hichae lived a Rome illi his de ath in the time os Trajan. Antiochum reStore to the ingdom os Commagene, hi hin I A. D. ha been made a province Ann ii 36), b Gaius, hoadde a par of Cilicia to his dominions. Ie was after ardS deposed by him but was restored by Claudius, and rendere assi St- an eo Corbulo in his Parthian an Armenia operation S, ndlater on to Uespasian in the civit War an against thecie s. Heri a deposed in 72 A. D. hi hiragdom eComin a Province, anden led his life at Rome. ultro intrarent, talae the initiati vel invading.'
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2. Aristobulus as On of the Hero Agrippa nam exin his
Jupiter. Under the Empire triumph were not celebra ted, ut successit generat received triumphalia ornamenta, i. e. the righto wearin triumphat res On public OCCaSionS. Praeter Suetam, C. addin to their usualia iter a real delight
Corbulo a senti Claudius a legatus to Lower German in 47 A. D. He represse the Frisii and was successsuli deat in xvit lia rebellio of the Chauci hen e a recalled, ut os eat OuSy, accordin to Tacitus An/I. xi 8-2Ol. He a no S A. D.)Sent ut a Con Sula legatus o Cappadocia, ithio eri ver Galatia as eli in O A. D. he hecam legatus of Syria, an in 3 A. D. received genera militar Command ver Syria and the adjacent province an vassala ingdom S, an imperium maius ' compare tollia gi ven to Pompeius against the pirates Ann. XV 23, 6). He a Srecalle fro in the ast in 7 A. D. , he Nero a vi Sitin Greece, an compelle to commit sui ide. retinenctam the term impli es that Armenia a permanenti in the position o a kingdom unde the fugeratnt of Rome. Dativeos Purpo Se S also in v 23, 3. 3 2. Ummictius succe ede C. Cassius bout SI A. D. a legatuSo Syria, here e rema inextili his deat licinio A. D. Ann. iv 26), When Corbulo su Cee de hi m. cohortitius alisque Gallie insanir an Cavalry f. 33, 4. 3. socii rogos, coe the allied ings ere ordere to obey ei ther commander a Cordinito the requirement of the war. Dromstiora, &C., the gave a readier supportato Corbulo.' 4. instarot this ord is achin in Med. , ut nother S. read inserviret, probabi a gloSS for the more Tacitean 'instaret.' Aegeae a a re town o the gul oscissus in Cilicia, ut Si de Ummidius proVin CC. Corpore δε C., a manis gigantic Stature, furandiloquent Speech, and be Sides his experien Ce an abili ty, impressive through the
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CH. I. colorum this Conjunctio is employe to Contrast thei present oin action illi thei subsequent differen CeS. solitam Prioribus : c. regibus, Such a I 'hraates, wh re ignedhom ab I . . to 2 B. C. and di homage to Augustus Ann ii I). 2 ex Commocto, is might sui hina est.' Arsacictrerum the descendant of Arsaces, hora ad brohen osssrom the Syri an monarch of the Seleucidae, and ad Parthia a separate kingdom abo ut 25 B. C. 3. natoius probabi thes praesectu Castrorum to Corbulo mentione in h. 39, 2.
forto prior, i appening tote irstin the pol visit in the kingon that business, probabi asine of the nuntii of Q. Arrius Varus was subsequently a distinguishedissice of Vespa
res ultra uerio his own ad vice. ctiis oloctus, C. Vtili his o n appotniment a generat ad change his hopes o fear.' 7. fascibus : the fasces ' of the welve lictor assigne to theem peror ere tot decora ted illi laurei reatlis in honour of the succes of his legati. Both were nanae that the might have equalis redit. in alio oonaules i. e. in to the ear 3 A. D. TheSe Venis have recolanted together, though the eX tended stom 4 A L . in
CH. 10, m. n. Domitio : his marriage illi Agrippina ook place in I A. D. He was descended rom the L. Domitius Ahenobarbus h So ercet oppoSed ultu Caesar, and through his mollier Antonia a grandSon of Octavia, Augustus sister. At this date 54 A. D. he had been de ad Some sisteen ears Suetonius brandillim ac omni parte vitae detestabilis.' Asconius Lalae probabi be came Nero' guardian on the deat hos his stes fallier Crispus Passienti c. 44 A. D.). Noth in more is know of him. sibi, do himself, he sorbad the statues of soli Silve o gold that were offere him ' lit. in opposition to thos offering '). The
dativo sibi is in contrast to tho se illi petivit a bove auro Eolida A, like Crateresque auro solidi,' Uergil, AGI. ii 765 . Ora similar Ablative of Materiai, cf. Aran. xii I 6 moenia non Saxosed cratibuS.' 2. Veterem Eligionom, the old religious associations of the Isti Januar for the heginia in os the ear. The ea originaltybegan on March I, tilici 53 B. C. When the On Sul began to enter ntheir ear of omcein Januar I an a Cordingly the Civit ea took that dat for Commen cenaent, hile Marchri a stili regarded as
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3. nequa recesti the Consul a president of the senate might resus to entertain a Charge brought efore them Thes princeps' at S could alway Suppre S an accusation by using his tribunician
CRPPinas Subsequently a sent into Achaia an Asia by Neroto tunder the temples, together illi Acratus a Deedman Ann. xv Si. Servo aceus ante 'o ever illinito give evidence, laves adto confirmoliat the Stated, unde torture, ther vis it a notta ken a legat evidenCe. Equester eques,' se Intr. I 2. The Charge brought again Si Densu Seem to e an attempto revive the la of male Stas, under hi Ch o many persons ere Condemne in Tiberius rei gn. Prosecutions for maiestas laesa 'Seemo havecea sed unde Claudius, ut ere revive later o in Nero' rei gn
sacramentum 'in the CCes Sion Osis ne in princeps, wa the ut-
come of the oath taken by the Republica magistrates to observeth laws. The oath was ahen annuali o Januar I fars by the magi Strates and the by ali the senators, the formula ein se)nihil contra Caesaris acta facturos).' Acta Caesaris implied allineas ures paSSed unde the re ignin and preCed in emperorS. Drolithuit this a to ho that he rea ted hi colleague ashis equat in ossicia lila. levium, C., that elate by the fame ariSin even stom lightthings, he might g on tince Continuaret' to nobier deed s.' 2. Plautium : his exput Sion a probabi the ac of the Senate, but the ou er of pardon elonge in ali a Se to the princeps, though Nero dotibiles at this time followed Claudius in o ingthrough the formis consulting the senate in Such CaSeS. Oh stringens Solemni, promi Sing. 'testificancto, so the PurpoSe of testi sying, dat os purpose. See
iactancti ingonii, in orde to display his talent. This genitiveos purpo se is like the Gree genitive of the substantival infinitive,
νια iτω. f. alS Aegyptum proficiscitur cognoscendae antiquitatis, An n. ii 59, and se In tr. II 6. CH. 12 I. infracti . . . Potentia : nominatiVe. Voon lautum, 'innae.' She appear on an in Scriptio ac Claudia Acte, Augusti liberta. Nero' connexion illi her a no repre-
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lihorto freed by Claudius, ut he would stili Caesaris
libertus,' since Nero ould succee to thes patronatus ' exerci sed by Claudiu S. 2. inrepEorat Sulla. Acte. 'Defluxum, &c., in his orgies xx illi Otho an Senecio an in
Octavia : aughter o Claudius and Messalina, marrie to Nero in hi Sixteenthoear, 3 A. D. He ut her a a to marr Poppaea Sabina, an banished an murdere her in I A. D. Ann. iv Gaia foll. 3.
soquo, tu himself in the hand of Seneca.' Annaeus : lin states that he was praefectus vigilum, and Seneca dedicate Some treati se to hina, and Spealis of his o nari effor his death, C. 62 A. D.