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Cf. n. On I. - aetate here the Vigorous periodis life cf. bona aetas in S. CurSu honorum ossicia career'. huius ille and hic are notiste fouia in the Same sentence referring to the fame person Eius ould have been Ore regula here. - media : f. n.
61. Metello See n. n o. - A. Atilio Calatino: consul in 258 . . and again i 254 dictator in 249, cenSor in 247. Cicero classe him illi id heroes like Curius an Fabricius Planc. 6oὶ. His tom was o the via Appia utSi de themoria Capena, clos to the well-known om of the Scipios Se TuSc. I, I 3).- in quem . . . elogium in hos honor there is the inscription'. illi in nem
Onc ino Dirime cosention Romai duo=ror optunro stiis viro viro i. e. hunc unum plurimi consentiunt Romae bonorum optimum fuisse
Pirum virorum. Ritschl thus completes the elogium o Atilus bycomparison illi ther Stili preserved dictator encling the Se conclline , Consul censor, aeditas hic fuit apud vos. ut Cicero's ords notatm ... sepulcro Seem to impi a longe inscription than ne of three lines the analog of the Scipioni inscription potnis the fame Way The olde monumenta inscription o Rome ere ritiei in
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is loosely used, and has it mean in define by the context. f. n. OnLael. I 3. In Plin. Ep. I, 2, 2 the orator CalVuS xyOunge contemPOraryo Cicero is sat duo have existed nuper. Lepidum pontifex max, mus from ISO B. Q conSul in I 87 an in I 7, censor in 79 heris sal tohave been chosen princeps senatus by Six et Oi censor in SucceSSion. He die in I 32. Paulo: See 29 L. Aerastilius With n. - Maximo Se I et Seg. Sententia: i. e. a se Speech in the Senate. Cf. De Or. I, 38 is non accurata orationis copia, sed nutu atque verbo libertinos in urbanas tribus transtrιLI. - honorRtata Se n. n 22.
andum si iuvenis vetulo non assurrexerat, here e Mayor' note.
deduci reduci: the scor from home and the attendan e ome-ward'. The difference etween these two ordS, hici has esten been miSunderstood, Solio ni Ual. Max. 2, I, 9 iuvenes senatus die utique aliquem ex patribus conscriptis ad curiam deducebant, ainx, que valvis exspectabant donec reducendi etiam incio seu erentur. - consuli probabi refer to private legat consultations s ellas to the deliberations of the Senate. - ut quaeque optime mi C.
osten use ut quisque illi SuperlativeS, ita fosso ing See n. o Lael. I9 TranStat ut . . . ita in proportion S. . . So'. - morata aromm . modo in 59. - memoriae proditum Si in Verr. 3, 36
Cic. use ad memoriam instea of the dative The est riters have
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memoriae prodere arid prodi, forarie recollection poSteri ty', memoria 'radi, tote handectio ni tradition '; ut not memoria prodere. ludis: sc Panathenaicis, abi. o time. The Panathenaea a thegreates of the Athenia festival and was celebrate in honor fAthene, patron goddes of the ity once in four ears. The Storytha fot w is tot in imos the Same ord by Val. ΜaX. , ,
P. 27. - qui a thi potnt the oratio obliqua is roken off, hut itis resume in the ex sentence dixissete in dependentin proditiunest. - legati Cum SSent: te in ambasSadors'. - illi: in his honor . - SeSSum recepiSS Val. ΜaX. Se the Same phrase; cf. Fam. O, 32, 2 Senum de cere N. D. 3 74 Senum ire. Gq. plausu multiplex Cf. Verg. Aen. I, 747 inominant plausu. Cic. generali Say flausu maximus. - facere nolle : Cf. the well-known Sayin o DemoStheneS, Olynth. 3, D 3 πεπει λαι γαρ τα πλείω τῶν πραγμάτων πιλα εκπεφευγεναι του λη βουλεσθαι τα δεοντα ποιειν, τψυχὴ συνώναι. Collegi : the college o boardii augur to hicli Cato helonged. In his time there eremine memberS; later the number a increaSed. - ante Cedit sc alios. Sententiae principatum precedence in ebate'. ei SSne quote Verr. 4, 42 ut quisque aetate et honore antecedit, ita primus solet sua sponte dicere itaque a ceteris ei concediteter. - honore L i. e. a regard ossice, paS Or
65. At Se n. n I. - morum f. 7 in moribus est cuIsa, non in aetate. - ea vitiata . . ea alia vitia. - habent etc. Cf. Thucyd. 3, 44 ἔχοντε τι συγγνω αγὶς non . . . Videatur not eli rounde d
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enc is stili extant. - dirita harshnes of temper'; ut Suet. Tib. I has diritus morum, an Varro scena quem senem Latina viae
dirissimum. Both dirus an diritas are rare in Cicero the formerword oes no Once occur in the hole ange of the speeches, thel alter carcet exceptin here an in Vat. 9 in TuSc. 3, 29 Cic. uses ti translatinifrom Euripides. P. 28. - 56. Sollicitam habere hee in trouble . Sesticitus is literat ly, ,holi in motion ' irona solius, hici has the fame oot with ὁλos, an citus cf. the rare ord solli des, solliferreus. The perfeci partici ple illi habeo emphasige the continuarice of the effect produced. Vumpi, 34 A. 292, c; G. 23O H. 38S, , . -nOS-
abesse. O mi Serum O, wretched is that id man Cicero ostener otiis O illi the accusative than illi the nominative herarely, ii ever, Se the interjection illi the vocative in direct addressio perSonS. - extinguit animum the doctrine of the anni hi lationo the oul after eath, as hel by many o Cicero' contemporarie S. professedi by the Epicurean se L. LucretiuS, De Rerum at 3, 17 et seq. Cf. at So CaeSar' argument at theorial of the Catilinia conspiratorS, Sall. Beli. Catil. c. I Cic. in Catil. 3, c. in practi catly by the Stoics, who taught that there is a future existencei limited thoughindefinite tength. - deducit: f. n. On 63. - atqui See n. ni. - tertium . . . potest nothing cante found a a third alternative :so in Tusc. I, 82 quoniam nihil tertium est. 67. quid timeam et C. So TuSc. I, 2 quo modo igitur aut cur momum matam tibi videri dicis ' quae aut beatos nos eoiciet, animis manentibus aut non miseros, sensu carentis ib. I, II ut aut in aeternam domum rem stremus aut omni sensu careamus For inoo See A. 268; G. 25 I; H. 486, Π.- aut non mi Ser . . . aut beatu : a dilemma,
but unSound an no conclusive so non miser is Se With refereticet anni hilation, and the ou ma exist after death in a State sin hap
victurum that he illi alive hen evening comes', no that hewill live ill the evening '. illi the preposition ad sub in the formurarer i generali used, o vespera sit this passage f. in. 2, 2
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an ire Ioratum cuiquam potest esse quo modo sese habiturum sit corpus, non dico ad annum, sed ad vesperum Also f. the ille of ne of Varro' Menippea SatireS nescis iiiii esse serus Periat, probabi a proverb. - aetas illa ... actute SCente P Some suppose that this sentence alborrowed irona HippocrateS.-triStius severioribus remediis'. Manutius. So Off. I, 8 leviter agrotantis leniter curant, gravioribus autem morbis per Uosas curatio=res et ancipites adhibere co-runtur The adver Iristius, hichias in prose a Superlative ut no
perhaps Without parallel exspectatis S an adjective an talae theconstruction o astus, idoneus etc., of hOm ope wer entertainedas regard honor'. - fratribu the Son o Paulus Macedonicus,tw of them die within eveniays Fam 4 6 IJ, ne justaefore andone jus after Paulus great triumph in I 6 B. C. - idem See n. n
veris: chiasinus avoided. Mith the thought cf. Off. I, 8. - at . . . at the objection an it anSwerrare both introducedi ac as here,in 35. - at . . . aduleSCen these ordit Oolibach to the precedingsentence, to hicli the are an anSwer. - ille ...hi here hic denotes the person ho is more important, ille the person hocis essimportant for the alter in and the forme may thereiore e re-
I, 94 quae ero aetas Dum est, aut quid om lino homini long m p . . . quia ita ra nihil habemus, hoc Ion m dicimus For est See n. n 72. Tarte SSiorum ... Gadibus : the whole of the solith coas of Spatiabore the nam Tartesstis, but the nam is osten confine to Gades, thechiel ity. - fuit: - vixit. - Scriptum Video D S in Acad. 2, I 29 Div. I, I cf. also . D. I, 2 4ι videmus in scriptis Off. 2, 25 ut scriptum eximus also f. n. On 2 videmus. - Arganthonius ohe stor is fro Herodotu I, 63. P. 29. - aliquid extremum : See n. On 3 cf. Pro Marcello 27. - effluxit stronglyinoristi in ense cit iace Sinone . -t--
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tum inly o muchy. - Consecutus Sis bo mav have itatained'. The subjunctive is here sed in the indefinite secon personto give a hypothetica character to the Statement of the verb. The indicative might have been expected the expreSSion almost consecuti sumus, consecrιtus aliquis est ROby I546. o. 232, Rem 3 H. 486, III. - virtute et recte facti the fame opinion S enforce in TuSc. I, I . quid Sequatur the future ' cf. Lucr. I, 5 transactum quid sit in ari , Tum quae res instet, quidporro deinde sequatur. quod . . . Contentu thi paSSage illi the whole contexi resem-ble Lucretiu 3, 31 77 cf. Speciali 038 cur non ut lenus vitae conviva recedis: λ satur ac plenus discedere rerum. i. alS Hor.
PO. ut placeat: in orde to Secure approVat'. - Peragenda :Cf. n. On O comparandae. - plaudite : the Latin plays early l-ways ende With his ord addresse by the actor to the audience: cf. Hor. A. P. I S, si Iausoris eos aulaea manentis et usque essuri donec cantor vos plaudite' dicat. - breve tempuS etc. One of the poets has sal that in mali measures lives may perfecties'. f. also TuSc. I, O9 remosarum diu vixit qui virm is perfectae perfecto functus est munere Seneca Ep. 77 suo modo fabula, sic vita non quam diu, sed quam bene acta si refert. - processerit probabi the subjecti sapiens, in hicli case aetate must also he supplied rom aetatis ς the Subjec ma howeveri aetas. - ostendit: gives promise of ' cf. Fam 9 8, I etsi munus gladiatorial ho quare quamvis quis ostenderit, ne populus quidem solet nisi concitatus With the whole PaSSage cf. pro Cael. 6.
71 ut ... dixi in , ω 62. - Secundum naturam κατα φυσιν, a Stoic phrase; Cf. n. on naturam optimam ducem. - SenibuS dative os refere iace emori stand a subjecto an implied est. Contingit: See n. On 8. - exstinguitur there is the Same contrastbet veen opprimere an exstis uere in Lael. 78. - qua Si. . . Vel
luntur is rare o in in Cic. o the ther prose riter of the bestperio a ver in the indicative ood immediatet dependent Oniaιasi, in the ense of sicut orsrιem ad modum. Whe two thing are com-Pared by quasi . . . ita, thie indicative ver is early at ways ut in thesecon clause, an may be supplied in the clause illi quasi very raret are there two different verbs for the two clauses. i. howe ver Plautus, Stich. 339 fuit olim, quasi nunc ei sum senex ς LuCr. 3, 492Mens animam sumat quasi . . fervescunt maeae. Si . . . Si for the
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more Sual Si. . . Sin. - ac Cectam : See A. 342 G. 666 H. 529 II. - in portum speakin os de alli, Cic. SayS in Tusc. I, II 8 portum potius paratum nobis et ter se tum putemus gato utinam velis passis semvehi liceat Sin resantibus ventis reiciemur tamen eodem paulo ardius referamur necesse est Cf. alS ib. I, IO7. P. 30. J2. munus omCi: See n. n 29. - tueri: Muphoid'. - possit: 'ubject indefinite. - e quo fit etc. the argument
moSior . . . fortior Horace, OdeS , IO, I rebus an tuis a nosus
atquefortis assare the two orcis are Oine also in Cic. Mil. 92 an, mosus, spirite '. hoc illud est etc. this is the meaning of theanSwer ad by Solon eic'. f. Div. I, II rio nimirum illud se uod de Socrate accepimus also the Gree phrasera τοῖτ' κεῖνο Est valet ascin 69. - Pisistratus ohe despotis Athens, horae iged thepower i 56 B. C. Plutarch, ho telis the story, An Seni Sit Gerenda Respublica C. I mahes Solon speah to the friend of Pisistratus, noto P. himSelf. - quaerenti: See n. n II dividenti. audaciter Quintil. I, 6, 7 condemn those ho sed audaciter for
Sition notos in modern Italian. - Certi Sensibu Acad. I, 9 integris incorruptisque sensibus. -ipS R. . . quae : See n. on 26 H.
569 I. 2. - Coagmentavit: Cic. Scion o Such metaphors cf. Orat. 77 verba verbis quasi coarmentari Phil. 7, 2 Eocebo ne coa mentari quidem pacem posse s that o palched-up eace an e made').- conglutinavit a stili more favori te metaphor than coa mentare. Cic. has con intinare rem Or. I, 88 in amicitias Lael. 32 an Att. 7, 8, IJ; voluntates Fam. II, 27, 2 concordiam Att. I, I7 Ioὶ in Phil. 3, 28 Cic. says of Anton that he i totus ex vitiis con lutinatris. iam further' so below.-Conglutinatio : the nou occur Onlyhere an Orat. 78 c. verbor a. - reliquum infrequently, Shere, sed substanti vel with an adjective modi fier. Sine Cau Sa without sussicient eaSon .P3. Vetat Pythagoras etc. the passage is frona Plato, Phaedo 6 A-62 Plato malae Socrates there professo quot Philolaus,
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the Pythagorean Cic. thereiore refers the doctrine to Pythagoras. Cf. Tusc. I, 4; ep. 6, 3. The Stoic hel the Same vie abolit sulcide, hicli the authorige in extrem cases, ut much les freelythan is commoni SuppoSed cf. Sen. p. II7, 22 nihil mihi vide urturrius quam optare mortem. Se Zeller Stoics, EpicureanS, nil Scepties, Ch. I 2 C 2ὶ Cf. also Lecky. Hist. o European Moral S, I p. 22 et seq. Am. d. - imperatoris . . . prae Sictio, here Cic. seem to understan Plato' φρουρῆ a referring o wariare in Tu Sc. an Rep. he understandiit os a prison. - Sapienti Solon Was oneo the Seven Sages of Greece'. elogium D the distichris preservecti Plutarch, an ruta thuS: μηδε μοι ἄκλαυστο θάνατο μόλοι, αλλα φίλour Καλλείποι α θανων ἄλγεα καὶ στοναχάs. Cic. thu tranS- latescit in Tusc. I, II Mors mea ne careat lacrimis, inquamus amicis Maerorem, ut celebrent funera cum emitu. The epitapla o Ennius salso quote there an is declare to e belle than that o Solon cf.
TuSC. I, 34ὶ.-Volt Se S Se carum he isties to malae ut thathecis beloved' volt esse carus ould have ad qui te a different ense. Cf. in . 3, 3 Strato p sicum se volt, illi advig' n. - haud Scio an : See n. on 6. - faxit the subjec is quisquam underStoodiro nemo. O the form See A. 42, 28, e et, G. I9I, 5 H. 24O, 4. The en of the epitaph is omitte here as in Tusc. I, II7, but is gi Venin TuSc. I, 34 cur volito vivos per ora virum. Notice the alliteration.
Ig. isque f. n. On 3 Pixitque. - aut optandus aut nullus es. 66 aut ueg le uda . . . aut os an nultas almost mora a in 7, butoni in the Letters cloes Cic. imitatin Plautus and the ther dramati sis attach nullus in his ense to the nam os a particula PerSOn e. f. Att. II, 24 4 Philotimus nultas venit. Sed . . . SS but emus con this tesson from ur ouila 9'. o the passive enSe of meditatum f. n. ad Iam. In Tusc. I, 74 ita imitatin Plato, says tota philosophorum vita commentatio mortis est Seneca, tota
vita discendum est mori. - Sine qua ... nemo pote St the Se ordS
bring the position o Cicero illi regar to de ath onderfuit ne artha of Lucretius : the alter argues that for peace of incline muStbelleves nultam esse sensum post mortem y the former' lesson is in nullum esse Sensum aut optandum . - timens si quis inret thesubjecti poterit is the indefinite quis involve in timens A. Io, ;
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The wor is literat ly, to stan firm', to ge a firm oothoid'. P. 1. IS. L. Erutum teli in single conabat illi Aruns, ono the exile Tarquin See iv. 2 6. The ACcusatiVeS rutun etc. are no the objects of recorde but the Subjects of infinitives tot supplied ironi profectas. duo me Cio : See n. n 3. CurSum equorum the Ord eqnos otii have been sufficient; ut his inclo pleonasm is common in Latin se n. on Lael. O causae GH GIEI. - Atilius L i. e. Regulus, hos Stor is to wellonown to nee drecounting. here are an contradictions and improbabilities abolitit. - Scipione : See n. on 29. In Paradoxa I, H Cic. Say of them Carthaginiensium adventum corporibus suis intercluden in sulaveriarat. - Poeni : on the dat. See A. 235 a H. 384 4 n. 2. Paulum : n. On 29 L. Aemiliaιs. - Collegae m. Terentius Varro. There is no reason to Suppos that he wa a Orse generat than antother Roman who et Hannibal and were beaten the early hist rians, hein ali aristocrais, fixe the disgrace of Cannae noli demo crati ConSul. Varro' Contemporarie were more justo him. Farfroni reproachin him, the Senate commende his Spirit, an severat times fierward entrusted hi in illi important buSineSS. - Μarcellum the captor of Syracus in I B. He felicinio an ambusti in o and was killed Hannibal buri ed hi in illi militar honors. cuius interitum : abstraci for On Crete Ilem, post intersemn. crudelissimus hostis oliis, the traditiona Roman te of Hannibal, is the reverSe of the truth, o far a extant testim Ony goeS. See Monamsen Hist. o Rome, k. LII. Ch. 4 Ihne Idist o Rome, L. IV. Sed . . . arbitrarentum theSe ordes are almost exacti repeate in TuSc. I, 9 nil IOI. - rustici: cf. Arch. 24 nostri illi fortes viri sed rustici ac milius I at SoraboVe 24. γε. omnino : Ce n. n . num igitur et g. Cf. 33 nisi forte
- Satieta vitae cf. 85 Senectus autem et seq. an satietas vivendi in pro Marc. 27 at So Tu Sc. I, O Pisa acta per uiat ut satis superque vixisse Piriamur.
II. cernere of the in also in Sa. With the context cf. Div. I, 6 animus appropinquante morte multo est Diuior ἰ facilius evenit appropinquante morte ut animi futura I urentur. -ve Stro Putre n.
o I 3. The et de Laelius a prominent both a genera an Ias states-nian He commande the leet hicli co- opera ted illi Scipio Afri.
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canus in Spat an afterward serve with honor in Africa He Wasan intimate frien o Cato. Se Liv. 26 42 et seq. - tuque in Lael. IO, C. Fanni et trι, O ratici; ut bove 4 andi sinapi Scipio
et Laeti. - quae est Sola Vita: f. n. O vitam et Ham in . nam dum Sumus etc. the whole of this doctrine is latonic; cf. Lael. 13. - munere nece SSitati et ... opere function and askalloite usi fates'. P. 32. - immortali Cicero raret mentions the od without this epithet. - Sparsisse morace calis the ou divinae particu-
rongi tali tuerentur tot for intuerentur, do ook upon', an re-gar itos an intentionat archaism But cf. Rep. 6 IS Where noarchaism cani intendedi homines sunt hac legi Denerati, qui tuerentur Eliam lolum ita terra vocatur alSo tuentur elo in I. -- Contemplante imitarentur perhaps more Stoic than Platonic the Stoic lai great tres on the ethica value iis contemplation and imitation of the order of the universe. Cf. N. D. 2, 37 ipse homo ortus est ad mat=rdum contemplandum et imitandum ; en Dial. 8, 5, I Natura nos ad ureumque genuit, et contemplationi rerum et actioni.
modo here modias Seem tote the Platoni τ μ. ετριον, o Perhap areminiscelice of the Aristotelian doctrine of the mean n. o 46j. Translate in moderation an consistenc os i se' and i. Off. I, 93 rerum modus moderation in ali hingS'. For conSta=rtia Se n. on .
- ita f. n. On 6 et tamen sic.
PB Pythagoran se n. to 23. No ancient philosopherae ld more firmi than Pythagoras to belle in the immortalit of the oul itforme a partis his doctrine i Metempsychosis He was also noted for his numerical speculations in Astronom and Music. Withhim is sal to have originate the doctrine of the harmon of the
spheres'. qui SSent inasmuch a theywere'. Cicero ostentries to malle out a connection belween Pythagora and the early RomanS; Cf. Tusc. 4, 2 alS Li V. I, IS. - e univerSa mente theworld-soul. Diog. Laert. 8 gives a Pythagorean the doctrine λυχυHἶναι πόσπασμια του αἰθερο καὶ θανατον. Simila doctrines occur in Plato and the Stoics; f. Div. I, II a qua l. e. a natura deorum ut doctissimis sapientissimisqIιe placuit, haustos animos et Libatos habemat ;Tusc. 3, 38 humanus a rimus decerptu ex mente divini Sen Dial. I 2,
6. I. - haberemus es imperfeci here the inglisti requires the PreSent. A. 287, d H. 493 V. - Socrates , in Plato' Phaedo.