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Infusum Gentianae compositum, P. L. II87. Infusum amarum simplex, P. L. II45. Ρ. L. 172O.
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This infusion is clear, and very slightly yelloWisti. It is a pure bitter in iis taste, and does not strike a blacti colour With preparations of iron, Whicli circumstance is osten advantage-ously used in prescription.
This infusion is reddish brown, slightly turbid, and it is rendered much deeper or almost purple by alhalles.
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Infusum Rosse, P. L. 178 I. Tinctura Rosarum, P. L. 1745. Tinctura Rosarum rubrarum, P. L. 1720.
This infusion is clear, os a beautiful red colour, and anagreeable acid with some hat os an austere' bitter laste. In cases of irritable stomach, mint Water is Very advantageouslysubstituted for common Water in practice, and is osten em
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Infusum Sennae simplex, P. L. 178I. In sum Sennae commune, P. L. II45. Infusum Sennae, P. L. 1720.
In the Pharmacopoeia of 178I there Was also an infusion of Senna named Infusum Semiae tartarietatum, to each pint of hich two drachms of supertartrate os potass were added: ithas however been thought that the addition of this or any other sali might more conveniently be made eX temporane-ously, in Such proportions as circumstances may require. It
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This infusion is intended to be used as a clyster, to whicli purpose it is osten directed, and it is os considerable practical importance to desine iis proper degree of Strength by a pre- scription like the present. It is of a clear and reddish brown
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THE term Mucilage is employed in Pharmacy to designate certain aqueous solutions whicli are very thich and adhesive. In Chemistry, it is confined to a lanion of gum With water,and, by Some, has been conceived rather to deSignate a peculiar principi e distinct ficio giam. The former mucilage of Quince seed was much thinner than the others, and there re has heen transferred to decoctions. The mucilage of Τragacanth is omitted, because it Seems to PosseSS no ad Vantage over that of Acacia gum, and it is more dissicultly solubie, and very thich, and apt to become lumpy on dilution.
Mucilago Arabici Gummi, P. L. 1787.
Boi ling Water, half a Pint. Rub the gum With the water gradu allyadded, untii it incorporales into a Ioucit age.
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This naucllage is prepared by simple trituration of the poWdered gum With the liot water. It is useful to recollectiliat this gum is also solubie in vegetable acids ; in Solubie in alkohol, and precipitat ed by it in white cur Is ; and in solu-ble also in ether and otis. Is however it be trituraled withthe expressed olis either When they are naturaliv present aSin the vegetabies containing them, or are ad ted artificially, it divides and suspenes their particles in water, forming the white opaque fluid, formerly called Emulsion. Some of the metallic salts of mercury, iron, and antimony appear to bechanged by solution of gum, and there re should be exhibited, in mixtures containing ii, with sonae caution. Thismucilage is mostly impure when sirst formed, Dom the pre-Sence of eXtraneous matters Which have adhered to the gum, and such require to be Separated by pressing it through a
Rub the starch, gradu atly adding the waterto it, then boli untii it incorporales into a
Starch rubs with cold water into a white opaque fluid, and this, when healed, forms a gelatinous liquor, which maybe diffused through more botling Water, but it precipitates
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aster standing. It is insolubie in ether or alcohol. Thomson considers it to be a characteristic of this vegetable mat-ter, that it is solubie in infusion os galis at I 20'; precipitates as it coois, and may again be dissolved by an increaseos temperature : this seonas to be the result os a combinationbetween starch and the tannin contained in the galis. P
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IT is one of the obiecis of Pharmacy to separate Dom the various constituent Paris of vegetable and sonaetimes of animal matters, those in Which their medicat powers reside, by the agency os appropriate solvents. UpOn the charactersos these component paris it is not my PreSent PUrpoSe to en- large, but to consider them merely in their relation to the sol-Vent employed, and the circumstances Under Whicli they are placed. of the substance itself, it is only necessary here tostate, that a certain degree of division facilitates the agen cyos eVery Solvent necessary, the minuteness of such divisionbeing variable with different substances, as bruising, slicing, poWdering, &c. The sirst solvent used is water, and in thepresent chapter iis agency is increased by keeping up for a certain period the botling temperature of 212', which shouldbe done throughout the appotnted time moderately andequably, like What in common language is called simmeming. Is the matters to be dissolved are volatile at 212', this mode of preparation is improper ; and in some of the com- pound decoctions, the relative volatilily of the ingredients is attended to in the addition of some paris thereos, whicli is made at the end of the operation only. The time os iis continuance, Whicli is necessary to each article, can only beseunded on experience; but it requires particular attentioΠ, Dr in some instances the longer eXposure of the vegetablematter to a high temperature, and e specialty in contact With