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for the purposes of trade, and easi ly obtained; indeed, thedistillers draW their spirit stili higher than this for the use of
struments ouin's appears to me to be preferable to Clari 'swhicli is stili used by the custonas and excise . It is not enoughthat he merely orders recti fled spirit Dorn the distiller, fortite sanae nam e is applied in trade to designate every thingabove proos; and Dona a Want of attention to this circumstance, it osten happens that the articie kept in the shops ismuch inferior to the standard here laid do vn, an inaccuracvwhicli must be the sciurce of abundant error in iis subsequent
applications. But spirit of this specific gravity stili containsmuch water, Whicli it is dissiculi, is not impossibie, to separate entirely. Different chemisis have considered the purityos alcohol to be ait ined at different specific gravities, ac- cording to the result of their own experiments ; but it has never been so completely effected as by Lowitz's process Cressis Annais, i I96), who brought it to . I9l, and whichmay be considered as pure alcohol. The standard alcoholemptoyed in the tables draWn Up by Order of go vernment Phil. Trans. II90, Ι I9l,) Was . 825, at 60'. The presentProceSS does not go so far as LoWitZ's, and is the specificgravity here directed be actualty obtained, it Will stili, ac-COrding to him, contain near .O9 of Water, at 68' F. The ProceSS dependS Upon the separation of the water Domthe alcohol, by means of the stronger assinity of the drysubcarbonate os potass to that water, and the retention of itin this way in a heat sussiciunt to distit over the alcohol.
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Other salts whicli strongly attract water ivili produce thosame effeci, and by many the muriate of lime is preferred. As, hOWeVer, the present proceSS ansWers ali the purposes intended by the College, it has been retaine l. Alcohol iatransparent and colourless; it does not become solid by any known diminution os iis temperature; it botis at 176', is combustibie, burning with a blue flame, and leaving no
Spiritus ammoniae, P. L. 1787. Spiritus salis ammoniaci dulcis, P. L. t I 15. Spiritus Salis ammoniaci, P. L. 172O.
Mix, and by a gentie heat, distit over upini and a linis of spirit os ammonia into are ei ver Whicli is Lept colit.
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Spiritus ammoniae compositus, P. L. Ι 8I. Spiritus volatilis aromaticus, P. L. 1765. Spiritus Salis volatilis oleosus, P. L. 1720.
Spiritus ammoniae foetidus, P. L. Ι78I. Spiritus volatilis foetidus, P. L. II 5.
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cei VCr. This only differs Dom the former process in employing the spirit os ammonia previousty prepared, instead os adding the assa elida to the charge of iis ingredients, and distilling the spirit impregnated frona them.
Spiritus ammoniae succinatus, Ρ. L. II87.
oil of Lavender, solarteen minimS. Oil of Amber, four minim S. Solution of Ammonia, ten fluid-
Macerate the mastich in the spirit that it may dissolve, and potir ofr the Clear tincture to this a id the rem ainino' articles, and Shahe
This is substituted for the former spirit of the fame name, as preserVing iis milhines s unchanged sor a considerable time,
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255 and not separating into paris. At Apothecaries' Hall, it hasthus been for sonae time prepared as their substitute for Eaude Luce. It may seem to be a mis nomer, that an ingredientso sinali in iis quantity as the oit os amber should sorin a partos the titie of the preparation.
Sp.hus anisi compositus, P. L. II 8I. Aqua seminum anisi composita, P. L. II 45.
3il a gallon by a gentie sire.
It may here be observed, that spiriis distilled Dom vege- table substances are impregnated with the volatile oti contained in suci, substances, and Dot with any other of theirmore fixed constituent paris. In their preparation it is tobe noticed, that the different volatile paris of such a chargeari se at different temperatures, the spirit before the water, and the volatile oti at, various stages, either With the spirit or vater, but that aster distillation they form an uniform trans- parent mixture, Whicli rematris Unchanged. The proos spirit employed ought to be pure, and itS specific gravi ty eXamin ed bes ore it is used.
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Spiritus raphani compositus, P. L. t 787. Aqua raphani composita, P. L. t 745. P. L. lI2O.
Spiritus camphoratus, P. L. t 78I . Spiritus Vinosus campho- ratus, P. L. II 45. Spiritus vini camphoratus, P. L. JI20.
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Roctisod Spirit will dissolve thre Durilis of iis weight of camplior Neuman), and the camplior may be precipitaledfrona such solution by the addition of water.
Spiritus carui, P. L. 1787. Aqua seminum carui, P. L.
Macerate for tWenty-four hOurs, and distila gallon by a gentie sire.
Spiritus cinnamomi, Ρ. L. 178I. Aqua cinnamomi spiri- tuosa, P. L. II45. Aqua cinnamomi fortis, P. L. I 2O.
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Spiritus juniperi compositus, P. L. II 87. Aqua juniperi composita, P. L. II15.
lacerate for tWenty-four lio urs, und distila gallon by a gentie sire.
Spiritus lavandulae, P. L. I 78 . Spiritus lavandulae simplex, P. L. lI45.
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Macerate sor twenty-sour liours, and distila gallon by a gentie sire.
SI'IRITUS LAVANDULAE COMΡOSITUS.
Spiritus lavendulae compositus, P. L. 1787. P. L. 1745. Spiritus lavendulae compositus Matthiae, P. L. 172O.
Take of Spirit of Lavender, three Dinis. Spirit of Rosemary, a Pint. Cinnamon Bark brui sed, Nutriaegs bruised, of each half an
Macerate for solarteen days, and Stratu.
Spiritus menthae piperitidis, P. L. I 78I. Aqua menthae piperitidis spirituosa, P. L. 1745.
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Macerate for twenty-sour liours, and distila gallon by a gentie sire.
Spiritus menthae sativae P. L. t Ἱ8I. Aqua menthae Vulgaris spiritu os a, P. L. t 45.