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adgnoscentes, recognigin a their o n. k . retenta, Mere delaine es by the enem y. 3. Caesorum referring to tho se ille in the operations describe in h. ΙΙ, . 6. insiclon : C. rex, or pSe. Proximus an accusative aster this adjective is mund in Plautus, Cae Sar, an Sallust, andri the Common classica usage aster both propius lanx proxime. CH. 16, ut horrois, C. the preferre to destro their store rather than deli ver it to the Parthians accordin to the ternas of ch. 4, 3. Drocticterit: the subjunctive appear to e an error, a thereis no reason for extending the force of ut beyon inicerent. Tacitus here refers to Corbulo's writte memo irS, hi Ch e re at So
2 iur iurancto, c., that Paetus ave securit by athbesore the standardS, i. e. in the principia,' here the StandardS, the et g of the em peror, an sacrificia altar were kept. tostinean clo: Cf. xiii ΙΙ, .litterae . . . an de Spatch, Sayin Whether.' 3. Quae ut &C. admittin that thes Statemenis ere madeum by Corbulo to increa se Paetus' disgrace, hal follows maybe Rhen a est abli Shed that . . . The agreement describe in lais qui te Credibie, O sar a the subsequent actions of the Romansgo though Paetus ignore an Such obligation in h. 7 I. Quactraginta the ordinar day' march of a Roman arm Wast ent miles at Ordinar Pace, tinenly-Mur a quic march anythin more than his a unusuali fast quidquid addideris iam CurSu est, Vegetius). 4. usu ripam Euphratis probabi at oriearmeli tene. ut clivorsitatem, C., a taunt them by the contraSt.' S. Consalutatio: So, of the anquis hed troops return in DomCaudium, non reddere salutem, non Salutantibu dare reSponSum'
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would notae the neu s of his subsequent fallure ill the following
2 ctissimulanctis, c. dative of purpo se, to hi de his anxietyabout foret g assairs. The imputatio of this motive is holly
frumentum Johi : store formale at acio price. It wa parto the iura annonae to regulate prices by sale frona Publi StoreS, and by Compeia Satin mercliant for Sellin belo mari et value intime Os carci in cf. ch. 39, 2 . Cost connected, illi thes frumentum publicum ivere formeri borne by the aerarium, e speciali Domthe revenues of the senatoria provinces, ut unde Claudius orNero ere transferre to the fas us' Intr. III et s). Quo, C., to kee up Considen C in the abundance of supplies'
by producin an impressio that there must be ample tores in
L. Pisonem : Cf. xiii 28, 3. Duoenius Geminus as praefectu urbis unde Galba. Paulinum: Cf. iii 3, 2. vectigalitius Duhlieis strictly the in direct axes payable tot he aerarium publicum, se xiii o. ut possibi the term is herem sed in a id e sense an includes the tribute of the Senatorialpruvinces, an in fac the whole revenue of thes aerarium.'Driorum this ould best applyrio Gaius. Qui, C., Who by thei extravagant expenditure ad excee ded
SP, herea he annuali made a present os si xt millionseSterces to the state.' his may refer to the trans rence of the cura annonae to the fiscus, o perhaps Nero meant more generali that the state expenditure came annuali to that amo uni in excessi his revenues rom public Ources, and that he made pthe deficit rom his own res privata.
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of the provision of the lex Papia Poppaea' so calle from thenam es of the Consul of the ear 9 A. D. , he it a Carried .
The la deali comprehensi vel with the whole questioni murri age Sand wilis, and with the objectis in Couragin matrimony, Containe dvari ou regulation to the dis ad vant age of the iam arriei and child-leSς thus, in elections a candidate ho ad child ren was to epreferre to ne ho ad non e and in the matter of ills theuia mari te caelibes' could no Succee to properi y, and marriel but chil dies personis orbi ' could ni receive hal os,hat astes them, unies relate to the testator illi in the Sixti degree. The mea sure falle in iis main object cf. Ann. iii 25, 2, and eventhe ut in authorities et it si de frona timeo time thus, orbi 'in many a Se received exemption frona digabilities by obtaining ius liberorum by specia favour seo the Senate and later fromthe Emperor. The di sabilities of orbitas and caelibatus were abolished by Constantine.
inter Patres, lamon tho se ho ere reatly sathers. Sortiti applied by Zeugma, praetura. in the generat senseo hein elected. Election to ther magistractes s et a to the praetorShimtoo place in the senate, but the praetorsit imis speciallymentione here a be in the mos important, ascit a the natural Stemto the overnment of a senatoria province - excepi Asia and ADica, hic libent to consul ars while se consulfhip was fille dispat the will of the princeps by hic nomination ' rather than by thes re choice of the Senate.
2. magna cum invictin, with loud reproaches. Cf. precibus et invidiae, xvi O S. acteunt the sub)ec is missing the Complainant howeve are evidenti rea parent solio suffered by the fictilious adoptions of
4. Aine, C., be comin a sat he without the cares of paterni ty, and chil dies Without the rie of ereavement, attaine Uliat ad long been the aspirationi parent S.' 5 in ulla, C. in nythin partat in os the natur os a public office, in an branch of the public service.'tierectitatihua: f. note On Q. CII. 20. I. Crotonsis Crete with Cyrene was a senatorial pro-VinCe, and the senate ovi try cases to important to e set iled by the proconsulis the Spol. ut solent in sense qualibus obnoxii esse solent.'a iniurias, C. so pii flexas to oppres thei inferiors. Denetraverat. had gone to the tength of insulting the senate' in the person of the prOCOn Sul). grate agorentum this a donei a deputatio sent to Romeo the motionis a concilium sociorum' Cf. h. 22, 2).
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et Thrason: Cf. xiii 49 I. x mPla deed worth of be in talien a an example, hen Ce, as here, iunishmenis, hono u rabie measti res of exemplar retribution. f. t 44, 7. 3. licentia, wiCked ness,' Corruption. For the Cincian a cf. xiii 42, 2. Iulius passed by Augustus I and 8 B. C. Calpurnia the lex Calpurnia de repetundis, passed by the tribune L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi, in I 49 B. C., i remari able a thetirSt constitution o a quaestio publica. The variation o ternas here employe rogationem,' leges,' scita' is ni rhetorical: the enaciment name were probabi ali in forna plebiscita.'nam, Q. for the in re Cede it Penalty CorreCtion is subsequent to ronPdoing. A Simila sentiment i attribute to Cato in Liv xxxi 4, 8.
constantia, digni ty,' Self- respeci, the feel in that houldaeepRomans rom Courting the prat Se of thei inferiors. nobis, C. , ,hile e may be reli eve of an idea that theestimationi a man 's Character depend O anythin et se than theverdictis his fellow- Citigens.'CH. 21, o privati, C. referring to the Senatorial privilegeo travelling on a libera legatio.'quio, C. to repori ha was thei impression of the oyalty of Variotis Provin Cial S, and the subject-peopte Were anxio Sin to the opinioni individua Roman S. D3. Stentancti the textritands, the de of iustona,' habit must e supplied illi his gerund in the Same a that a substantive is supplied illi the gerundial genitives in xiii 26, and xv , , though in these alter Case a neuter adjective in the ClauS Suggest the requisite ord A good Correction propo sed is that o Madvig, ho suggest that potentiam is a corruption of
laus falsa on the par of the subject S. malitia, rudelitas, wrong-doing, Cruel ty, o the par of the go Vernor. 4. emoremur see to oblige.' s. inclinat, decline S, 'deteriorates.' aequatillius atquo conatantius, , illi more uniformit and
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fro in the governor' reti rement. The practi Ce oes no appea toliave been en dedi Nero ' edi Ct. Con ilium Eooiorum the di et os the province, hi Ch et annually, known also Communes' and τὼ κοινον. DP praetoritiua the legati Augusti propraetore, in the
ERPta est the wor is appropriate, as in the ritualis her dedi Cation the pontifex maximus too the ne vesta by the and withthe wordi te Cornelia), Capio. A vestat virgin a pro Sente bylier fallier so the service of est be tween the age of Si an ten, and might retire an marry after hirt years. The vestales Suallyhoweve Continue in thei officeriit death. CH. 23 4 I. Memmio Regulo : son of the person mentioned
Verginius Rufus a prominent in the evenis at the en os Nero' rei gn, hen he wa governor of Uppe Germany He receiveda secon Consul Shi frona Vitellius, an a thir fron Nerva, in 97 A. D. When e led, and wa Succeede by Tacitus, ho spolieliis claudatio.'Augustam: he was callex Claudia Augusta.'ctat o Poppaeae, C. the ille Augusta, conserre onLivia aster Augustus deat his cord in to his ili, was ahen by Agrippina in the lis timem Claudius, and Dona Domitian On Ward S,
3. AuDolientionem i. e. a genera thanksgi vindito at the gods, no tot taken illi Fecunditati.'a exEmDIar, C. i. e. folio ing the patiernis the quinquenni alsestiva institute by Augustus a Nicopoli in commemoration illi batile of Actium. Fortunarum the deit Fortune a speciali Corshippe at Antium in the ori of two sister oddeSSes, thought O TOPreSent the fortune of war an dieace respecti Vely aDucti ovillas : Bovillae a sit uate on the Appian way abolitte miles rom Rome. The cultis the gens Julia was maintainedhere e cause the own latine to e a aughter-cit of Alba Longa, hicli referre it origin to Iulus the Dunder of that
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CH. 24 I. legati Parthorum: f. h. 4, 3.
C. Coatio Med. citio. C. Cestius Gallus is known frona thers urce a legatu of Syria inis A. D. Marius Celsus is frequently mentione in the His or. es a trueto Galba, an aster vard to Otho, an a ni oKc nevertheles hyVitellius to holi a consul shimio hich he had been designate d. 6. stravonis : his ori ha by nox los it origina etymologica significance, and was used generali sor Such oriental princesus ere below the dignit os Ius ιλεις. regilaus f. iii . Praefectis ossicer command in cohortes' or alae in the
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no exact, a Pompeius' o ver unde this a Noas imperium aeqIlIιm in omnibus provincii Cum ioconsulibus usque ad quinquagesimum miliarium a mari. The o vers conseri edispoia imby the lex Manilia, givin hi in the command against Mithridate S, wouldie a more api Com Pari Son.
Ssextam a tortiam : f. h. 6, 3. Mention is no made of the Ιoth legion, hi Ch presumably acies in Syria. Xeroitum this parti Ciple hicli in earlier classic Sage haras sed, is sed by Tacitus in the ense of exercitatus,' praC-ti sed . The fixili and thir legions ad served illi Corbulo in his previ ou campa ignS, ii 38 6 and O, 3.
voxillaioleotorum, delachments of piche tro ops. Similarlyik78, 3 vexillum tironum. Notm veterani sub vexillo,' reservi sis.')Illyricum is alien in a id sensera includ in Pannonia a wel a SDelmatia. quociquo, C. and what he had of auxiliar hors an Mot, 'Cf. iii 33, For omissionis fuit, In tr. II 27.)
Melitone as a town in Cappadocia ea the Euphrates, important a a Station Command in the paSSage of that river, and made in Consequen e the ead quarters of the ath legion in 7 A. D. nox. Malatia.'D3. IU Atratum by sacrifice of pig, heep, and suovetaurilia ), a the piaculum Marti.'imporatoris mero's. The campaigia ouldies ductu Corbulonis, auspi Ciis Caesari S.' cteolinans, Qui ning of ipon,' attributing. multa auctoritato, C. i. e. e Convince his earer l, his per Sonalit a a Succe S Ssul generat, S another might y eloquent
CH. 27 I. Luci illo in 6 B. C. Lucullus Crosse the Euphrates an marche through Sophene and ove Mount Taurus,
and then Ce, after Crossing the Tigri S, O Tigrano Cct. ta. Denetratum the phraS i Composed on the analog of pergere iter. vetustas, the lapse of time,' 32 eni S. no enim introduc in the substance of Orbulo' message. EXtrsemo, an internecine conflict.'
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closeoorant: O, in h. 3, 4, Armenia is spolien os as a vas Salstate of the Roman empire. CH. 28, ci non infenEum, C., was no regarded illi animosit nor illi the at redis an nem y. 'atrox in summum, inconciliator a to the genera is Sue.'
3. neque, C., ior as e distres sed abolit the disgrace os Paetus' in factae too the opportunit to intensis it by sen d ingPaetus Son to Clear away the token of the dis a Ster. ctueor et in sim after imperavit' f. In tr. II I. 4. Titiserius Alexanctori an Alexandrine Je who renoun Ced Judaism an die came procurator Os Judaea 6 A. D. he wa praefeCto Egypt 67-7 A. D. an gave valvabie et to Uespasian, an in Con Sequence a appotnte lieuienant-genera of the forces under TitUS. inlustri equos this, as opposed , eques modicus, is the ternasor a perSon os senatoria census preferring to rem ain illi in theeque Strian rank for the salie o various honou rabie an proiit ableappo intinent hom hicli senator were debat red. ministo Dello a War commiSSary, to anage matter Offinance an pro vi Sion. Vinicianus son os a man who forme an un SucceSSsul Con- Spirac again St Claudius, an in Consequence Committe sulcide
liis ille pro legato, since the post of legatus legionis Could properi yie hel orat by senators usuali of praetori an rank. Diomentions that Vinicianus a alterward sent by Corbulo to eSCori Tiridates toruo me. s. uterquo the se of this pronouia illi plura predicate, nthe analog o collectives, is no found in Cicero, an raret in classica proSe. mis ouore Sed asin variation for the more usual iunxere.'CH. 29, Q. Papoipitihus, desperate Ouia SelS.'Da. temserantQP modest ly. 'non actuePSis, S c. though the Parthians ad met illi no
k 3. Duxemgiem CaeaariS: Cf. h. 24, 3. insigno regium the diadema, cf. i. osculo : the Sunt methodis salutation be tween oriental potentat CS adopte di Alexander, an solio e also by the Roman in
q. insignthus patriis, , illi thei nationa decorations.' his, with fulgentibus aquilii an also signis ' an simulacris' maybe regni dedris an extensionis the se of the ablative of accompani-
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ment, common in Such adverbial expression a S magna celeritate. Se Intr. II 22 R. simulacris, C. , , illi mage of the od S, S a to represent i e give the place the Sanctit os a temple.'D6. capiti dative on the analog of that with adimere,' abstrahere,' deripere ' xiii 37, 7 , Common illi veri, mean ing tnke
quotiens . . . actVerterat the Plu persect in a Sub ordinate clauseexpres Sin repente action: Cf. h. Ο ubi . . . firmatu erat 'an Ch. 38 6 Si . . . evnSerant.' ut as for instance.'
initia vigiliarum the egi nning of ach of the four alches into hi h the night was divide was proclai med illi thes bucina,'
a regulation hi Ch the centurio primipilus would se carrie out an would the repor to the generat. Rugurale there asin the right of the generat' tent, lacin the via principalis, a pol marke ossis a templum for tal ing auspicia,' nown auguratorium, and augurale' may be asynonym sor his. Quintilian howeve mentions augurale asequi valent to the generat' tent, the praetorium it se f, and i may qui te et be so alien here. RTum . . . Reeencti: I re as in die o the altar, cf. the expression adolere aras ' xiii 3o x or 2 the altar' in his casea mali pyrem combustibi materials as se on sire.'in maius attollens, te ightening the importance proud lyextolling. actsseit suppi eum ' frona lege 'labove. For simila transition fron ablative absolute Cf. xiv IO, xvi 4, 6. Ide impresse hi in illi ari erat the antiquit of our custonas. Pari ia
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H. 32, o nationo Alpium maritimarum hi therio withthe exception of the tribes Clos to the Coast Constitutin a mali Province unde an equeStria procurator, Ormed by Augustus,
ius Latii conserring on iis poSSessor commercium, i. e. theright os commerciat dealingo illi Roma Citigens unde Romancivit law, and also the privilege of obtaining fuli Roman citi gens hipb holdin a magistrac in their own town cf. the phras in Pli ny per Latium in civitatem venire.' a. quitum, C. the lex Roscia 6 B. C., hi Ch reserve sortite equites the quattuordecim ordines nexi a bove the orcheStra where the Senator satin, ni applied to the theatre. It appears that special se at in the Circus ere reserve so the senate unde Claudius, an since 4 A. D. equites ad also ha better eat Sthan the populaCe matter of cu Stom; the arrangement Wasno maderia for therars time. 3. Iures, ' more than e re. Hi therio Tacitus has ora lyrecorde doli appeni ance of linight in the arena, and of women and member of the great Senatorial families on the pantomimicStage, tu, Ch S. I and SN ut hi Passage give Supporto othe state ments of Dio an SuetoniuS, ho mention Senntors, linighis, and omen appearin in the amphitheatre S early S
CH. 33, k I. M. Liciini : his sat he was ConSul in 7 A. D. his miliam e was M. Licinius Crassus Frugi, an he was descendedthrough his mother frona PompeiuS.