The Tusculanan disputations. Book first. The dream of Scipio ..

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Corona The ring of SpectatorS. So Sed by Cicero, passim. f. Orat pro Mil. 1. De Nat Deor. II. i. 1. VI. Ista thos things ou mention; iste eing sed os that hiel, is referre to the person adilreSSed, and lienee called the demonstrative pronoui os the econd perSOn. B.

ilio se of the demonstrative of the fi si person in the nexi Sentenceri haec these hings of hicli Lam spuaking. ThoLatin derive osten a peculia force an livetines froni thesignification oscit demonStratives Thias, in the res orationagainst Catilina, vii IM: Quid Quod adventu tuo ista subsellia vacuefacta sunt, quod omne conSulares, qui tibi persaepe ad caedem constituti fuerunt, Simul atque SSedisti, partem istam subselliorum nudam atque inanem reliquerunt, etc. Ista subsellia thos benelies here ou ook our eat , - hichyo pollute by 0ur presence Again, in the Brutus, i. Ut enim tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus, sic Stratocles de

Themistocle netit. Nam quem ThucydideS .... tantum mortuum scripsit et in Attica clam humatum .... hunc Sti aiunt, quum taurum immolaviSSet, arcepiSS Sanguinem patera, et eo

poto mortuum concidisse. Inli, theSe hiStorian os,our school, - hom ou resemble Or imitate Atticu in his passage sportivel rankin Cicero illi the no particulari veractous historians Clitarchus and StratocleS. In the dramatio riters, also, e sin many beautiful illustratioris of the distinctionbetween hic iste, and ille, in paSSage Where the whole potnt consist in the peculiar Orce Os theSe pro OUBS. Male narras i. e. O teli me Somethin I domo lili tollear. Cic. ad Iti. XVi. 14 male narras de Nepotis filo. Terence Andria, . i. ci narras probe. F. A. Olf ren

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116 TUSCULAM DISPUTATIONS.POSSem, Si . . . . dicerem. Notice his use of the impers et Eubjunctive. V. 424. Ista M. 486, in in . Se infra, i. 22, note On apud

11. Quis enim non For ho could not be eloquent lThe enim implius an ellipsis as, infra iii. 30, XXxi. 76 xxxii. 78. Suppi here Facile credo es re adit belleve ou

sor, ete.

Philosophorum . illine cali attention to the eleganceis the position of this ord a the end of the Sentence, herebyi is made more emphatic, and the oppo Sition O poetarum et pictorum more Strongi denoted. Quis est enim. The particle enim autem, and igitur, Whichusuali Occiapy the Second place in a Sentence, re osten 1 undin the thir place after est o sunt, hen the Sentence S commenoed by the interrogative quis, quae, quid. illiner noteon XXvii. 66 q. V. Tam eaecors, quem ista moveant. Tam illi an adjective, explaine and the dea complete by a relative clause hich

Ne sunt quidem . . . . ulli There are ais N perSORS, te.

. . . . quidem O me time Signis es also not a litti a theprecedin Or a Somethingislse Postero die Curio milites in acie collocat. e Varus quidem dubitat copia producere. Caesar, B. C. II. 3.)V M. 457. So, Brutus, liv. 199, Illud, quod populo non probatur, ne intelligenti quidem auditori probari potest. The OS frequent Se sne .... quidem, S SVery et known is to live prominence to the objec os negation, illi the orcem no even. Quia nulli sunt. An elegant construction, in the SenS Ofquia non Sunt. In the comic writers the usem nullus for noni Ver frequent e. g. Terenue, Eun. II. i. I in tametsi nullus moneas i. e. nullus monitor sis . Hec. I. i. 4, nutas diaeeris. Anse ΙΙ. i. 33.12. Iam. Attende ad vim particulae jam qua ἐνεργητικος X antecedentibus tranSitu et non XSpectata ab altero

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Qui . . . . dimiserit sit orbatus careat. O the Se Sub

Dimiserit On his very rare se os dimittere in the enseos to handon, o Ser cite Cic. Orat pro Caecin. 26 75, patrimonium tinius incommodo dimittitur Ous amilli non potest sine magno incommodo civitatis. Cn. Pompeium Cnaeus Pompeius Magnus, the Triumvir. Sint enim oportit. EXSpeete sint enim neceSse St Sed oportet optime sese habet ii l. Significat enim alio postulat, ut, qui mortυ sint, esse statuamus CL Pro os . m. XXii.

85. In his Ord a in cogitare, Comminisci, and therS, Omlias the Orce of secum. Commeminisse in Secum apud ni-mum Uum meminiSSe. Commemini. . . . me miSerum. Constat verba emistimandi et declarandi reSpuere Solere Verbum SubStantivum SSe cum

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participio Vel adjectivo conjunctum, ut moX miSerrimum puto.

then, dentes the wealter XpresSion hicli precedes. his increase, ' say Zumpi Gr. 277 may be Sometime eX- presse in Englisti nay,' no even. But his oesnot justis the assertion that immo is an affirmative adverb. In consequence of the derivationis thi Word, Ome grammarian preser the orthograph imo, hicli is adopted by Moser. But tho luctive iself was ometimes riti en immus and tho uight os authorit is decidedi in favor os immo. Quia non sint. The subjunctivo of modest an dolabis ut Statem ent. The opponent, says illiner, halien by the argument of Cicero, O repents icit hesitation the Same opinion hich he had 0sor I, quia nulli sunt maintained, ith perseo confiden eo, illi tho indicative. y theus infra os the indicative, quia non sunt, the peniter hoWS his confidonee in the truth of hi assertion. Quid eninι. . . . qui non sit ' lis construction is quid enim tam pHgilat, quam eum , qui non sit, non modo miSerum, Sed omnino quidquam, 33e'

Porta Capena . A celebratei gat of Rome no called Porta di S. Sebastiano , rom hielicissile the Via Appia.

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nal, madida Capena Sat. III. 11). o Martiat, Epigr. ΙΙΙ.XJVii. Capena grandi porta qua pluit gutta. Orcellini. Most of the tombs of tho distinguishod Roman families during the Republican perio lay on tho Via Appia The tum os the Scipio was discovere in 1780 on the est of this Way,

and nea the Porta Capena. Calatini. A. Atilius Calatinus, a distinguished Romangenera in the first uni War. His torn was adornedwith the inscription Unum hune plurimae conSentiunt gente populi primarium fuisse. f. De Seneci. vii. Serviliorum. The mos distinguishod of this family ere Cn. Servilius Caepio, consul B. c. 169, and Q. Servilius Cae

Metellorum. Among the eminent monis this amit were L. Caecilius Metellus, ho gained a great victor OVer HaS-drubal, B. C. 250, Q. Caecilius Metellus Macedonicia S, and Q. Caecilius Metellus umidicus. Verbo premis verbo urges ou res me, I me hard reis a reord i. e. the wOr esse). TranState a re militari ho8te premere, i. e. acriter persequi eSt dicendo aut disputando urgere aliquem. Forcellini. 14. An tu dialecticis ne imbutus quidem es An tandS, nolint in the seconi member o disjunctive interrogationS, but also in simple question o a Supplementar Lind whichare subjoine to the precedin disco urse heri an inquirycis made, hat muSti thema Se thermise in eas there is Ome objection tot made to the oregoing or then in caSe Someide proposed incit S confirmed), or heri the Spealier im-

453), who translate thi passage, have yomno learnedeven the si si principies of dialecties ' In primis h. e. in initiis, elementis, fundamento dialecticorum CL Acad. II. xi X. 5. Muliner.

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120 TUSCULAN DISPUTATION S. Omne pronuntiatum very proposition. propositionis definei logicali sentente indicative, i. e. assirmin Orderi ying thi excludes commatici and question s). his definition relate entiret to the word os a propoSition Withregar to the maller iis properi is to e rue Or false. Whately s Logio, hap. II. Q. Moser cites Aulus GelliuS, Latin grammarian who ourished in tho Seoon centuryaster Christ, ho says, in his Noctes Pyllicae, XVI. Q

Quidquid ita dicitur plena atque perseet Verborum Sententia, ut id necesse Sit aut verum aut salsum esse, id a dialectici ἀξιωμι appellatum St- a M. Cicerone pronuntiatum, quo ille vocabulo tantisper uti se atteStatu eSt, quoad meliUS, inquit, invenero. V o con Stitute a propoSition, e muS havea noui in the nominative case, and a verti in the hird perSOn. In praesentia. Praesentia is a nour in the ablative a Serino an adjective in the accusative plural, a SOme ScholarS

meaning of the phras here S impi hoc tempore, NUNC, in Opposition to post soli O ing. Occurrit, ut appellarem. Occurrit is perseet lieno the imperi et appellarem. Sed quum Sit perfectum praeSeNS, poterat quidem equi appellem hoc vero loco quod recte obsservavit illerbeellius Cicero certe prius cogitaverit pronuntiatum, quam appellaret. MOSer. Omne prONuntiatum . . . . id ergo Si rori Nntiatum, quod,

igitur and inquam is osten sed in here, after parenthei teal SentenceS, O reser bael to the ea din idea asser hiel the interrupted propoSition is respeatui and concluded osten in asorm Some hat modi sied, o that the origina commen cernent of

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t possit judicari S th ut ii an beju ed. It may beobserve of the partici ut uli), that it has it roset in the Same interrogative and relative pronomina them froni hichuler, ubi, in are derived, and theres oro originali signifies horo, or relatively as. Froni ho is is deduced the signification that, a applied to expresso purpos and the object of the Verb, and froni the relative sage parti the significationa 80on 3 ut veni, abiit), parti that fis that jus a the prono ian qui acquires h Signification os so that he). honthe origina signification is stili furthor ost so that the ordoni marit O ut a propoSition indefinitet anil generali a theobjectis complement of another with verbs os happening). 'M. 472. a ObS. talae jam Hand in his ursellinus, Ol. I. p. 200, re

VIII. 15. Ecqui So illin. Tregd. TiSch. aster the IS. Regius and severat thers. Most editor rea Ecquid

but, a Kuliner says the rare Ord ecqui Ouid e verycii ble to e corrupted by the copyiStS. Ecqui ecquo modo. Quantum mali. . . . dejecerisu Hoto much viliso have removed. illine noti es the fame se of dejicere lili detr here in Tusc. II. v. 14 quantum de doloris terrore de ieceris. IV. xxvii. 80 vitia ratione a se esse, uecta. Mori Benile conjecture mors, hieli uti ne adoptS. But thisisse of mori cari se justifi0d by the rendering hicli Tischer ives to etiam mortuis, aucti in Begugaufun- ferri usian nach dem Tode, even in relation to urcondition aster eath. Calcem the go es, limitis the race-cOurse. EX EO RU-tem calae curriculi fini fin circo vocatus est, quod creta aut etiam calce notaretur. N Cf. Lucretius, VI. 1. Seneca, Epist. 108 hanc quam nunc in circo cretam vocamuS, antiqui calcem dicebant.

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122 ΤΠso ULAM DISPUTATIONS. Epicharmi. A distinguishod comi poet bori in the stando Cos abo ut B. c. 540. t the age of three monili he was carried to iei ly, herea spont the remainde of his lisse. Ut leui as eingi Sicilian, - nasmuel a he wa a Sicilian. f. infra xliii. 104 Diogenes, ut Cynicu8, projici se jussit inhumatum. In regar to tho it of th Sicilians Tischer cites, Oras in Verr. II. 4. 43 95 Uumquam tam male est Siculis, quin aliquid facete et commode dicant. Notio the differene belween the Signifieation o ut here and in Brulus, vii. 27 Clisthenem multum, ut temporibus illis, valuisse dicendo.

talectio. O the orthograph o aestumo e M. i, Obs. 5 2. Sed me esse mortuum nihil aestumo. ischercite Plautus, Capt. iv. 5. x Post mortem in morte nihil

eδt, qu0 metuam, mali. Iam agnosco Graecum. Iam veniunt in memoriam Verba Graeca, jam reminiSeor Verborum Graecorum. Tusc. II. xi. 26 unde isti versus ' non enim GgHOSCO.MOriendum .... putem. Tali esse illi moriendum. Mi-8erum putem. See note On commemini. . . . me miSerum,

VI. 13.16. Cui proaeimum tempus est post mortem There hasbeen Some disputo in regard to the mea ning of thi paSSage, but the obviolas interpretation iven by F. A. Wolf is un-

doubi edi correct cui morti prorimum tempus, tempu3Jest post mortem. Constemur. Verbum confitemur respondet vocabulo latonico ομολογουμεν, Stque i. q. convenit inter nos. Differt autem haec Significatio ab ea, quam habet proximum cons-tear: Si enim ibi t. q. concedam, quamquam inVituS, quia, quod reponam, non habeo. Quod ver Sequitur assentiar, id ex animi Sententia seri existimandum. N Moser. - Recte explicat ei lius: Constemur, si veritatem quidem non per-SpeXimuS, nihil tamen contra alterius argumentandi rationem

potest. ' Mithrier.

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of the word spinosus, and citus Orat. XXXII. 114 De Finn. III. . , Tusc. IV. . . Spinosus literat ly thoi ny in his tropical SenSe correspondS, Says ulmer, to the Germanspii Zfindig. Prius potius. Habet interdum vim similem adverbii P0tiu3, aut magis. Cio Tusc. V. xvii. 78 Pro Ligar. ii. ; es L. iv. III. i. Balb ad Cicer i. adsit. po8 ep. 8. l. X.

Quae dicis te mitiora moliri Goren preser the readingte dicis to dicis te bucause, usi says, in the eon Struction Ofthe aecuSativo with tho infinitive, pron Oun are Suali putbes ore verba dicendi. But, as u liner remartis, although inthi construction ith verba dicendi et sentiendi, the pron Ounis puties ore the veri, hun thor is attached to the pronounitSelf peculiar soro an emphasis, hen i ha n Such em phasis it is placed after the rutin verb, a in Ur paSSage. Itis thus ound after tho veri, in staternent os genera truth and in desinitioris as infra xxxvi. SP si sentias te non habere in. t. . . . non cias Even is ou do no prove lit ma eous), etc. takes the signiscation O although, even Sup-p08 that, rom res signis ying even is, SuppoSe the caSetha ' the proposition is herofore a conSecutiVe propOSition, and i expreSSed negati vel Mith ut non. 440. a ObS. 4. Hor ut malum non sit. The positioni mors es ore ut

givescit a marked emphasis Se Z.4 356. Superbum id quidem est That ould indeedrae aughly.

Malo non roges. O illin. Tr. and isch. and ait theMSS. rellius and ther editor read malo ne roge8. Handius ad Vophens. p. l. non h. l. ab omni latinitate abhorrere

cenSet quam Sententiam ea leui Suo probavit Moseru8. On-

Stat quidem, poSt Verba Volendi sequi ne, quia prohibendi

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notio in ejusmodi nuntiatis inest; at h. l. Cicero reetiSSi me ScripSit non roges, quia haec Verba OppOSita Sunt antecedentubus si te rogavero, ita quidem, ut non roge idem sere Sit, quod abstineas rogando. Mithrier. IX. Unus e mullis εἶς ἐν πολλοῖς, ne O many i. e. Common, Ordinar man. f. rvt. XXiX. 274 in non stiat orator nus e multis, potius inter multos prope singularis fuit. Horat Sat. I. ix mi paulo infrmior,

unus multorum. O unum e togatis D R/p. l. XXii. tinus e togatorum numero De Orat. I. XXiv. 11.

Probabilia conjectura sequens. Aster the anne of the Acadernica phil OSOpherS. Certa dicent, etc. The totos pro Ssed to attain absolute certaint in regarii to the objectes s knowledge the cademius o ni totand what is moSt probabie. Tu ut videtur h. e. tu Statue, ut tibi videtur. 18. Mors igitur MoSer reser the conjunctio igitur Otho de to e mentali supplied quia te ad audiendum paratum esse dic iS. Sunt enim, qui . . . . putent 8se mortem. Ciper reser toPlato and the Academies. For ille subjunctive se M. y 365 Z. 56l: B. y157 A. A S. L 264 i. F. A. Wolf expla insilii Subj bylon Sidering qui a equivalent to lates, qui animali

grammarian agre in the State merit, that in relative ClauSeS, with the subj introduuing the circumstances hicli characterige the olas denoted by an indesinite generat X preSSion, a demon Strative an generali be Supplied bes ore the relative.

Alii tutim dissipari. The opinion os the EpicurenDS. With alii understaud cera Serat. Diu permanere A the Stoici thought. Alii semper. The doctrine of the immortalit os the out was held by Plato.

Cor ipsum animus. Qui cor animum esse dicebant, movebantur, ut Veri Simile est, usitata loquendi con Suetudine, qua cor pro animo ab Omnibus nationibus dicitur: poterant etiam miti hoc argumento Principium vitae 'Si animuS.