Horace: Odes and Epodes; a study in poetic word-order

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exercet Auster I cladum choro scitulento nubes impiger hostium

sic tauri sormis volvitur Aufidus is qui regna Dauni Praefluit Apuli.

cum saevit horreiadain tu cultis, diluviem meditatur agris, ut barbarorum Claudius aginina serrata vasto diruit imIM tu, DPrimOSque et e X tremos metendo stravit humum, sine clade victor, te copias te consilium et tuos Praebente divos. nam tibi quo die portus AleXandrea SuPPle aset vacuam Patefecit aulam. zo indomitas 's has emphasis. prope: objection has cen justi talieno prope a prosaic' Gow . Shelle istocles gullt when he writes love aves and win is and tornas Everythi nil almost 'hicli is Nature's' and Diri thou neve wert Thatfrona heaven Or ea it 'ri, a Pleiadum ' choro the Pleiades are more important than the descriptive choron se o P. 38. FO PDiadum choro scistifenu See o P. S. nubes sor iis positio se on P. 47, and compare des 3. 4. S a laureat effort).22, 23. hostium 's)...turmas .e. the errem in quadrons ' se onP. 38. 23. 24 irementem goes illi mi DN .e. Send Anciri ing' se to a P. i.

medios 's i. e. right through.'as tauriformis 'sὶ se P. I. It is practicali an adverbia phrase:

27, 28. horrendam ...agris in the grotapin se on . . 29, 3α barbarorum 's ...agmina t. e. barbarians in thei hordes' seeo P. 38. barbarorum ...agminaci ferrata: O the o ping See o P. S. vasto 's has tres Se On P. l. 32. Sine clade victor an emphati addendum se P. 33. 33. tuo ps i .e 'god th. t e re thine': the batiles ere mugiit tuis ' , non eorum auspiciis to P. l.

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224 HORACE

sortuna tu Stro prospera tertio belli secundos reddidit exituS, laudemque et optatum peracti Simperiis decus arrogaVit. o te Cantaber non ante domabilis Medusque et Indus, te profugus Scythes

miratur, O tutela praeSen SItaliae dominaeque Romae. te fontium qui celat origineS 5 Nilusque et Hister, te rapidu Tigris, te beluosus qui remotis obstrepit Oceanus BritanniS,

an P. I. 37. fortuna...tertio: O the groupin See o P. 6 a.

veneratur.

tutela praesens rataliae so the groupin See on P. 44. 44. dominae a be ἀπο κοινου illi Italiae an Romae See o P. 33. 43-48 fontium 's): the important,ord si fontium, and is fel as object see o P. 38). The Characteri Stic of the riverS, cenia, and eopte arestressed the Nile is interestinisor it fource fontium precede the relative), the Tigris for it speed rapidus, reposited), the Cean or it monSters beluosus, prepoSi te an Separated), the Briton for thei di Stance DOm Rome remotis preposite an separated).47, 48 beluOSUS ... Britannis for the grout in See n P. 7.49. non paventis funera Galliae ...tellus: the prepoSi te genitive phrases practi Cali Subjeci See On P. 38 Lentie readS favorti S.

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t non Pauciatis sutiora Galliae duraeque clitis audit liberi ac sote cacde gaudentes Sygambri

XV. Phoebus volentem proelia me loqui victas et urbes incre uit lyra. ne Parva Tyrrhenum I Wr ac litor vela darem. tua, CaCsar, aetas fruges et agris rettulit uberes se signa nostro restituit Iovi derepta 'arthorum sul erbis lacistibus et vacuum duellis

m. i. proelia me the norma order ouldie me pro ia both wor is theres Ore ave stress and thei juxtaposition is signiticant ge on dest. 2. 7 i .e. batiles me ' ascisci'hoebus aid 'quid tibi eum pro iis a victas Is i. e. the Sachini o Cities ' se on P. 26. lyra goes os couine, illi increpuit See Oniaeo l. 3. 6. 3, 4. Parva. . . Vela: O the rota ping S in P. O. tua is i. e. it is thycii time that has.... Eo the interventia vocative Caesar feeitae I S. 3. s. et is ut os place metri 'aria, uni ess e read Tros. uberes oes illi retulit .e. has rought ac in richness' compare

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226 HORACE

Ianum Quirini clausit et ordinem rectum evaganti frena licentiae toiniecit emovitque CulpaS

Per quas Latinum nomen et Italae CreUere ire famaque et imperi porrecta maieSta ad ortu is solis ab Hesperio cubili. CuStode rerum Caesare non furor civilis aut vi eXiget otium, non ira, quae Procudit enses et miseras inimicat urbeS. o

non qui profundum Danuvium bibunt edicta rumpent Iulia, non Getcte, non Seres infidive Persae, non Tanain prope flumen Orti.

9, Io ordinem l rectum evaganti: his groumis preposited and separated beCaus the sense is causal The wor licentia has originalty no ad con- notationa it is the nou of ire an means properi Deedom toto hat is ope to one'; ut Deedom to osten degenerate into licence, and encecomes iis a meaning The en Se heresore is he hecked illi reins licentia, hecauserit,ent beyondiue limits.'I2. Veteres may be in arro κοινου oSition illi culpas an arier se onP. 33. Is it goes illi arte only, Compare P. I. I 3. Latinum s): in artificiat contrast to Italae. 13, 4. Italae t revere vires: See o P. I. I 4, 3 imperi S in πο κοινου poSition illi fama an maiora ; enc it Stand outSi deforrecta an maiestas see o P. 43). Somewhat simila is thepositioni Iovis a C. S. 32. 16. Mesperio s): Contrast ortus Solis. I 8 civilis perhaps quali fies both furor and ula. otium for it positio se onide I. 3. 6 S EnSe l. 9.ao miseras 'S i. e. to thei mi Sery' Se on P. O an alS o P. I. II. profundum 'his picturesque for magnum andri therefore pre Sited, like ait adjectives of number an quantity. 22. Iulia s) .e whateve other statute the may breah See o P. I. 23 infidi phi. e. despite thei faithlessiaesii generat. Compare too P. 3, 24. anain prope flumen Compare nide 4. I. 9. 23. profestim s): Contrast Sacris. 26. iocosi munera Liberi for the groupin See o P. 2 a.

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nosque et profestis lucibus' sacris is inter iocosi munera LitHri. cum Prole matronis tu nostris rite deos Prius ad Procati, virtuto tinctos more Patruin duces Lydis remixto carmine tibiis o Troiamque et Anchisen et almae

progeniem Veneris canemus. 28 rite s perhaps has stressa ut Horace a have ished toleep two

adverbs Part. 20. virtute iunctos more patrum duces certain editor say that πιλυ'.urum g s illi canemus. I iliis is true thon an or ter ill P try,

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CARMEN SAECULARE

Phoebe silvarumque poten Diana, lucidum caeli decus, o colendi semper et Culti, date quae PreCRmur

quo Sibyllini monuere VerSUS virgines lecta puerOSque CaStOS dis, quibus Septem plRCUOre CollOS,

dicere CarmCn.

alme Sol, Curru nitido diem qui promi et Celas, aliusque et idem onaSCeriS, POSSi nihil urbe Roma ViSere maius trite maturos aperire partUS lenis, Ilithyia, tuere AtrOS, sive tu Lucina probas vocari isse Genitalis:

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CARMEN AF ULARE et

diva Pro tricas subolem Patrum luc rOSPercs ccrcta sul, r iugandis minis prolisque novae feracit e marita, o certus uia lenos deciens Per annos orbis ut cantus reserat tu ludos, ter die claro totiensque grata nocte requentis.

quod semel ' dictum stabilis per aevum Terminus servet bona iam I tractis iungite sata. fertilis frugum pecorisque tellus

spicea donet Cererem Orona; onutriant eius et aquae salubres et Iovis aurae.

condito mitis placidusque telo Supplices audi pueros Apollo:

siderum regina bicornis, audi, a Luna, Pu CllaS.

18 iugandis ' i .e the marriage os omen ' se On P. 26. I prolis f): See n P. 39 so the objective genitive placed in ironi. novae it probabi has tress sincerit is usuali preposited. feraci l lege marita sor the adjectives nisi ther idem the nou se onP. 34 2I, 22. Certus... Orbis . . an unbroken cycle. The phras precedes ut cause it cimtain the dea connecting this Staneta illi the revious ne Ronae mus have child ren to preServe the cycle labroken. undenos deciens per annos note the adverb deciens bet Nee adjective

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23O HORACE

Roma si vestrum est opus Iliaeque

litus Etruscum tenuere turm AC, iUSSa pars mutare lares et urbem SOSPite CurSU, O

cui per ardentem sine fraude Troiam

liberum munivit iter, daturuSplura relictis: di, probos mores docili iuventae, 5 di, senectuti placidae quietem, Romulae genti date remque prolemque

et decus omne quaeque olbobus veneratur albis clarus Anchisae VeneriSque SanguiS, 5o impetret, bellante prior, iacentem lenis in hOStCm.

34. supplices pshi. e. the prayers of bΟyS '; See o P. 27, an P. II. pueros Comellas in Contrastrio uellas of l. 36. 33 siderum regina bicornis: See o P. 35. The preposited si emum en-forces the contrast folio, the god of clay.37. Roma precede Si in contrast totalium containe in Iliae 's . vestrum ys has emphasis .e. 'Four Orh.'38. turmae sor it positio See nido I. 3. 6. 39. iussa s i. e. non sine divom numine no ultro. 4o sospites s has StreSS; the were saueiecause unde divine Saseguardy

the goddes of chasti ty wichliam). The Dido episode comes lateri 43, 44 liberum is predicative illi nimisit for his ver is litti more

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CARMEN SAECULARE 23 i

tam mari terraque manus Miciatis Medus Albanas luc timet securi iam Scythae r Iuliasa PCtunt. Su PCr nulWr Ct Incli. iam Fides et Pax et Honor Pudorque Priscus et neglecta redire V irtus audet. PParetque Hata pleno CoPia coriὶ v. o augur et fulgente decorus arcu Phoebus acceset usque novem Camenis. qui salutari levat arte sessos cor ori artus, si Palatinas videt aequus aras, rCm lue Romanam Latiumque seli κalterum in lustrum meliusque Sem I rprorogat ACU Um. quaeque Aventinum tenet Algidumque luindecim Diana preces Virorum ocurat et votis Puerorum amicas applicat auriS.

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232 HORACE

haec Iovem sentire deosque unCtOS spem bonam Certamque domum CPOrto, doctus et Phoebi chorus et Dianae etsdicere laudCS.